gram·mar (gr m  r)n. 1. a. The study of how words and their component parts combine to form sentences. b. The study of structural relationships in language or in a language, sometimes including pronunciation, meaning, and linguistic history. 2. a. The system of inflections, syntax, and word formation of a language. b. The system of rules implicit in a language, viewed as a mechanism for generating all sentences possible in that language. 3. a. A normative or prescriptive set of rules setting forth the current standard of usage for pedagogical or reference purposes. b. Writing or speech judged with regard to such a set of rules. 4. A book containing the morphologic, syntactic, and semantic rules for a specific language. 5. a. The basic principles of an area of knowledge: the grammar of music. b. A book dealing with such principles. [Middle English gramere, from Old French gramaire, alteration of Latin grammatica, from Greek grammatik  , from feminine of grammatikos, of letters, from gramma, grammat-, letter; see gerbh- in Indo-European roots.] |
grammar [ˈgræmə]
n
1. (Linguistics / Grammar) the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology, sometimes also phonology and semantics
2. (Linguistics / Grammar) the abstract system of rules in terms of which a person's mastery of his native language can be explained
3. (Linguistics / Grammar) a systematic description of the grammatical facts of a language
4. (Linguistics / Grammar) a book containing an account of the grammatical facts of a language or recommendations as to rules for the proper use of a language
5. (Linguistics / Grammar)
a. the use of language with regard to its correctness or social propriety, esp in syntax the teacher told him to watch his grammar
b. (as modifier) a grammar book
6. the elementary principles of a science or art the grammar of drawing
[from Old French gramaire, from Latin grammatica, from Greek grammatikē (tekhnē) the grammatical (art), from grammatikos concerning letters, from gramma letter]
grammarless adj
Grammar
See also language; linguistics
the aspect of grammar that deals with inflections and word order.
1. an ambiguity of language.
2. a word, phrase, or sentence that can be interpreted variously because of uncertainty of grammatical construction rather than ambiguity of the words used, as “John met his father when he was sick.” Also amphibologism, amphiboly. — amphibological, amphibolous, adj.
2. a word, phrase, or sentence that can be interpreted variously because of uncertainty of grammatical construction rather than ambiguity of the words used, as “John met his father when he was sick.” Also amphibologism, amphiboly. — amphibological, amphibolous, adj.
a lack of grammatical sequence or coherence, as “He ate cereal, fruit, and went to the store.” Also anacoluthia. — anacoluthic, adj.
a repetition of words to resume the sense after a long parenthetical digression. See also rhetoric and rhetorical devices.
the substitution of one grammatical case for another, e.g., use of the nominative where the vocative would normally occur. — antiptotic, adj.
the clause that expresses the consequence in a conditional sentence. Cf. protasis.
Medicine. a neurological defect resulting in an inability to use words in grammatical sequence.
1. the study of the principles by which a language or languages function in producing meaningful units of expression.
2. knowledge of the preferred forms of expression and usage in language. See also linguistics. — grammarian, n. — grammatical, adj.
2. knowledge of the preferred forms of expression and usage in language. See also linguistics. — grammarian, n. — grammatical, adj.
1. Rare. the principles of the study of grammar followed by a grammarian.
2. excessive emphasis upon the fine points of grammar and usage, especially as a shibboleth; dedication to the doctrine of correctness; grammatism.
2. excessive emphasis upon the fine points of grammar and usage, especially as a shibboleth; dedication to the doctrine of correctness; grammatism.
a principle or a point of grammar.
excessively pedantic behavior about grammatical standards and principles. — grammatist, n.
arrangement of thoughts by subordination in grammatical construction. Cf. parataxis. — hypotactic, adj.
Rare. a word or phrase that violates the rules of grammar. — ingrammatically, adj.
1. a declension, conjugation, etc. that provides all the inflectional forms and serves as a model or example for all others.
2. any model or example. — paradigmatic, paradigmatical, adj.
2. any model or example. — paradigmatic, paradigmatical, adj.
arrangement of thoughts as coordinate units in grammatical construction. Cf. hypotaxis. — paratactic, adj.
referring to the ability in some languages to use function words instead of inflections, as “the hair of the dog” for “dog’s hair.” — periphrasis, n.
a clause containing the condition in a conditional sentence. Cf. apodosis. See also drama; wisdom and foolishness. — protatic, adj.
a violation of conventional usage and grammar, as “I are sixty year old.” — solecist, n. — solecistic, solecistical, adj.
the use of a word or expression to perform two syntactic functions, especially to apply to two or more words of which at least one does not agree in logic, number, case, or gender, as in Pope’s line “See Pan with flocks, with fruits Pomona crowned.” — sylleptic, sylleptical, adj.
the practice of using a grammatical construction that conforms with meaning rather than with strict regard for syntax, such as a plural form of a verb following a singular subject that has a plural meaning.
the grammatical principles by which words are used in phrases and sentences to construct meaningful combinations. — syntactic, syntactical, adj.
ThesaurusLegend: Synonyms Related Words Antonyms
| Noun | 1. |  grammar - the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)linguistics - the scientific study of language descriptive grammar - a grammar that is produced by descriptive linguistics prescriptive grammar - a grammar that is produced by prescriptive linguistics syntax - studies of the rules for forming admissible sentences morphology - studies of the rules for forming admissible words descriptive linguistics - a description (at a given point in time) of a language with respect to its phonology and morphology and syntax and semantics without value judgments head word, head - (grammar) the word in a grammatical constituent that plays the same grammatical role as the whole constituent quantifier - (grammar) a word that expresses a quantity (as `fifteen' or `many') grammatical category, syntactic category - (grammar) a category of words having the same grammatical properties subject - (grammar) one of the two main constituents of a sentence; the grammatical constituent about which something is predicated object - (grammar) a constituent that is acted upon; "the object of the verb" grammatical constituent, constituent - (grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction clause - (grammar) an expression including a subject and predicate but not constituting a complete sentence article - (grammar) a determiner that may indicate the specificity of reference of a noun phrase parse - analyze syntactically by assigning a constituent structure to (a sentence) agree - show grammatical agreement; "Subjects and verbs must always agree in English" dynamic, active - (used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water')) expressing action rather than a state of being stative - ( used of verbs (e.g. `be' or `own') and most participial adjectives) expressing existence or a state rather than an action active - expressing that the subject of the sentence has the semantic function of actor: "Hemingway favors active constructions" passive - expressing that the subject of the sentence is the patient of the action denoted by the verb; "academics seem to favor passive sentences" attributive, prenominal - of adjectives; placed before the nouns they modify; "`red' is an attributive adjective in `a red apple'" predicative - of adjectives; relating to or occurring within the predicate of a sentence; "`red' is a predicative adjective in `the apple is red'" coordinating, coordinative - serving to connect two grammatical constituents of identical construction; "`and' in `John and Mary' or in `John walked and Mary rode' is a coordinating conjunction; and so is `or' in `will you go or stay?'" subordinating, subordinative - serving to connect a subordinate clause to a main clause; "`when' in `I will come when I can' is a subordinating conjunction" main, independent - (of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence; "the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb" dependent, subordinate - (of a clause) unable to stand alone syntactically as a complete sentence; "a subordinate (or dependent) clause functions as a noun or adjective or adverb within a sentence" descriptive - describing the structure of a language; "descriptive grammar" prescriptive, normative - pertaining to giving directives or rules; "prescriptive grammar is concerned with norms of or rules for correct usage" endocentric - fulfilling the grammatical role of one of its constituents; "when `three blind mice' serves as a noun it is an endocentric construction" exocentric - not fulfilling the same grammatical role of any of its constituents; "when `until last Easter' serves as an adverb it is an exocentric construction" finite - of verbs; relating to forms of the verb that are limited in time by a tense and (usually) show agreement with number and person non-finite, infinite - of verbs; having neither person nor number nor mood (as a participle or gerund or infinitive); "infinite verb form" syndetic - connected by a conjunction asyndetic - lacking conjunctions transitive - designating a verb that requires a direct object to complete the meaning intransitive - designating a verb that does not require or cannot take a direct object aoristic - of or relating to the aorist tense |
grammar
noun syntax, rules of language the basic rules of grammar see grammatical cases
Quotations
"When I split an infinitive, God damn it, I split it so it will stay split" [Raymond Chandler Letter to Edward Weeks]
"This is the sort of English up with which I will not put" [Winston Churchill]
"When I split an infinitive, God damn it, I split it so it will stay split" [Raymond Chandler Letter to Edward Weeks]
"This is the sort of English up with which I will not put" [Winston Churchill]
Translations
grammar [ˈgræməʳ]
A. N
B. CPD grammar school N (Brit) → instituto m de segunda enseñanza(al que se accede a través de pruebas selectivas)
GRAMMAR SCHOOL
En el Reino Unido, una grammar school es un centro estatal de educación secundaria selectiva que proporciona formación especialmente dirigida a los alumnos que vayan a continuar hasta una formación universitaria. Normalmente no son centros mixtos y para entrar en ellos se exige un examen escrito. Debido a la introducción en los años sesenta y setenta de las comprehensive schools para las que no hace falta una prueba de acceso, hoy día quedan pocas grammar schools, aunque sí que continúa el debate sobre si la calidad de la educación en estos centros es mejor o si sólo sirven para favorecer el elitismo en la enseñanza.
grammar
n
(= subject, book) → Grammatik f, → Sprachlehre f; your grammar is terrible → von Grammatik hast du keine Ahnung; his grammar is excellent → seine Grammatik ist fehlerfrei; that is bad grammar → das ist grammat(ikal)isch falsch
(inf) = grammar school
grammar [ˈgræməʳ] n → grammatica
that's bad grammar → è sgrammaticato
grammar [ˈgræməʳ] n → grammatica
that's bad grammar → è sgrammaticato
that's bad grammar → è sgrammaticato
grammar [ˈgræməʳ] n → grammatica
that's bad grammar → è sgrammaticato
n grammar [ˈgrӕmə]
1 the rules for forming words and for combining words to form sentences He's an expert on French grammar. grammatika, spraakleer قَواعِد اللغَه граматика gramatika grammatik die Grammatik γραμματική gramática grammatika دستور زبان kielioppi grammaire דּקדוּק व्याकरण gramatika nyelvtan tata bahasa málfræði grammatica 文法 문법 gramatika gramatika tatabahasa grammatica grammatikk gramatyka gramática gramatică грамматика gramatika slovnica gramatika grammatik ไวยากรณ์ dilbilgisi, gramer 語法 граматика قواعد زبان ngữ pháp 语法
2 a description or collection of the rules of grammar Could you lend me your Latin grammar?; (also adjective ) a grammar book. grammatika عِلْم الصَّرْف учебник по граматика gramatika grammatik; grammatik- die Grammatik, Grammatik-... γραμματική gramática grammatika کتاب دستور زبان kielioppikirja (de) grammaire סֵפֶר דּקדוּק व्याकरण की पुस्तक opis gramatičkih pravila nyelvtan tata bahasa málfræðibók grammatica; di grammatica 文法書 문법책 gramatika gramatikas grāmata; gramatikas- buku tatabahasa grammatica grammatikk(bok) gramatyka gramática (de) gramatică учебник грамматики gramatika slovnica; slovničen gramatika grammatik หนังสือไวยากรณ์ dilbilgisi (kitabı) 語法書 граматика کسی زبان کے قواعد کا ضابطہ sách ngữ pháp 语法书
3 a person's use of grammatical rules This essay is full of bad grammar. grammatika إستِعْمال قَواعِد اللغَه граматика gramatika sprogbrug die Grammatik γραμματική gramática õigekeelsus گرامر oikeakielisyys (faute de) grammaire דּקדוּק व्याकरण के नियमों का पालन upotreba gramatike nyelvhelyesség tata bahasa málnotkun errore di grammatica ことばづかい 문법적 지식 gramatika pilns ar gramatiskām kļūdām tatabahasa juist spraakgebruik språkbruk gramatyka gramática folosirea regulilor gramaticale грамматика gramatické chyby slovnica gramatika språk[] นักไวยากรณ์ dilbilgisi kullanımı 語法知識應用 граматика کسی شخص کے ذریعہ قواعد کے اصولوں کا استعمال việc sử dụng ngữ pháp 语法知识
adj gramˈmatical [-ˈmӕ-]
1 (negativeungrammatical) correct according to the rules of grammar a grammatical sentence. grammatiese صَحيح حَسْب قواعد اللغه правилен gramaticky správný grammatisk grammatikalisch γραμματικά σωστός gramatical grammatiline مطابق دستور زبان kieliopillisesti oikea grammatical נָכוֹן מִבְּחִינָה דּקדוּקִית व्याकरणिक gramatički nyelvtanilag helyes sesuai tata bahasa málfræðilega réttur grammaticalmente corretto 文法にかなった 문법에 맞는 gramatiškai taisyklingas gramatiski pareizs betul tatabahasanya (on)grammaticaal grammatikalsk riktig gramatycznie poprawny gramatical gramatical грамматически правильный gramaticky správny; doslovný slovničen gramatički grammatiskt riktig ตามหลักไวยากรณ์ dilbilgisi kurallarına uygun 符合語法的 граматично правильний قواعد کے اصولوں کے مطابق thuộc ngữ pháp 符合语法规则的
2 of (a) grammar a grammatical rule. grammatiese قواعِدي граматически gramatický grammatisk grammatisch γραμματικός, που σχετίζεται με τη γραμματική de gramática, gramatical grammatika- گرامری kielioppi- grammatical דּקדוּקִי व्याकरण का नियम gramatički nyelvtani aturan tata bahasa málfræðilegur grammaticale, di grammatica 文法の 문법의 gramatinis gramatikas- tatabahasa grammaticaal grammatisk gramatyczny de gramática gramatical грамматический gramatický slovničen gramatički grammatisk เกี่ยวกับไวยากรณ์ dilbilgisel, dilbilgisine ait 語法的 граматичний قواعد سے متعلق về ngữ pháp 语法的
adv gramˈmatically
grammaties قواعِديا граматически gramaticky grammatiskt grammati(kali)sch γραμματικά gramaticalmente grammatiliselt از لحاظ گرامری kieliopillisesti grammaticalement מִבְּחִינָה דּקדוּקִית व्याकरणिकता gramatički nyelvtanilag menurut tatabahasa málfræðilega grammaticalmente 文法的に 문법적으로 gramatiškai gramatiski dari segi tatabahasanya grammaticaal zuiver grammatisk, grammatikalsk gramatycznie gramaticalmente gramatical грамматически правильно gramaticky slovnično gramatički grammatiskt ตามหลักไวยากรณ์ dilbilgisi kurallarına uygun olarak 語法上 з точки зору граматики قواعد کے لحاظ سے về mặt ngữ pháp 语法上
grammar school
1 a type of secondary school. taalskool نَوع مِن المَدارِس الثّانويه средно училище gymnázium gymnasieskole das Gymnasium σχολείο δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης escuela secundaria gümnaasium دبیرستان دولتی oppikoulu lycée בֵּית סֵפֶר תִּיכוֹן עִיוּנִי माध्यमिक पाठशाला gimnazija kb. gimnázium sekolah menengah ríkisrekinn framhaldsskóli scuola secondaria 中等学校の一種 중학교 vidurinė (klasikinė) mokykla klasiskā ģimnāzija sejenis sekolah menengah middelbare school gymnas; latinskole liceum escola secundária классическая средняя школа gymnázium klasična gimnazija gimnazija läroverk i England โรงเรียนมัธยม lise 普通中學 середня школа ایک قسم کا ثانوی اسکول trường trung học phổ thông 普通中学，[]初级中学
2 (American) a primary school. laerskool مدرسه ابتدائيّه основио училище základní škola grundskole die Mittelschule δημοτικό escuela primaria/elemental algkool دبستان peruskoulu école primaire בֵּית סֵפֶר יְסוֹדִי प्राथमिक पाठशाला osnovna škola kb. általános iskola sekolah dasar grunnskóli scuola elementare 初等中学校 (미) 초등학교 pradžios mokykla pamatskola sekolah rendah basisschool grunnskole szkoła podstawowa escola primária şcoală primară начальная школа základná škola osnovna šola osnovna škola mellanstadieskola โรงเรียนประถม ilkokul (美國)小學 початкова школа ابتدائی اسکول truờng tiểu học ［美］小学
grammar ends in -ar (not -er ).
grammar → علم النحو والصرف gramatika grammatik Grammatik γραμματική gramática kielioppi grammaire gramatika grammatica 文法 문법 grammatica grammatikk gramatyka gramática грамматика grammatik ไวยากรณ์ gramer ngữ pháp 文法
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