brain (redirected from Mammalian brain)

brain  (brn) n. 1. a. The portion of the vertebrate central nervous system that is enclosed within the cranium, continuous with the spinal cord, and composed of gray matter and white matter. It is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. It is also the seat of consciousness, thought, memory, and emotion. b. A functionally similar portion of the invertebrate nervous system. 2. a. Intellectual ability; mind: a dull brain; a quick brain. b. Intellectual power; intelligence. Often used in the plural: has brains and good looks. See Synonyms at mind. 3. A highly intelligent person. 4. The primary director or planner, as of an organization or movement. Often used in the plural. 5. The control center, as of a ship, aircraft, or spacecraft. tr.v. brained, brain·ing, brains Slang 1. To smash in the skull of. 2. To hit on the head. Idioms: beat (one's) brains (out) Informal To exert or expend great mental effort: She beat her brains out during the examination. on the brain Obsessively in mind: The coach has winning on the brain. pick (someone's) brain/brains To explore another's ideas through questioning. rack (one's) brain Informal To think long and hard: I racked my brain for hours trying to recall her name. [Middle English, from Old English brægen.]

brain A. pituitary gland B. cerebrum C. skull D. corpus callosum E. thalamus F. hypothalamus G. pons H. cerebellum I. medulla J. spinal cord

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brain [breɪn]

n

1. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Anatomy) the soft convoluted mass of nervous tissue within the skull of vertebrates that is the controlling and coordinating centre of the nervous system and the seat of thought, memory, and emotion. It includes the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum Technical name encephalon Related adjectives cerebral, encephalic

2. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Zoology) the main neural bundle or ganglion of certain invertebrates

3. (often plural) Informal intellectual ability he's got brains

4. Informal shrewdness or cunning

5. Informal an intellectual or intelligent person

6. (usually plural; functioning as singular) Informal a person who plans and organizes an undertaking or is in overall control of an organization, etc

7. an electronic device, such as a computer, that performs apparently similar functions to the human brain

on the brain constantly in mind I had that song on the brain

pick someone's brain to obtain information or ideas from someone

vb (tr)

1. to smash the skull of

2. Slang to hit hard on the head

[Old English brægen; related to Old Frisian brein, Middle Low German bregen, Greek brekhmos forehead]

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brain  (brn) 1. The part of the nervous system in vertebrates that is enclosed within the skull, is connected with the spinal cord, and is composed of gray matter and white matter. It is the control center of the central nervous system, receiving sensory impulses from the rest of the body and transmitting motor impulses for the regulation of voluntary movement. The brain also contains the centers of consciousness, thought, language, memory, and emotion. See more at brainstemcerebellumcerebrum 2. A bundle of nerves in many invertebrate animals that is similar to the vertebrate brain in function and position.

brain A. skull, B. cerebrum, C. pituitary gland, D. pons, E. thalamus, F. cerebellum, G. medulla oblongata, H. spinal cord

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Brain

See also anatomy; body, human; head.

biofeedback

the process of providing a person with visual or auditory evidence of the quality of an autonomie physiological function so that he may attempt to exercise conscious control over it.

cerebrology

1. Obsolete, the branch of psychology that studies the brain.
2. Medicine. the total knowledge concerning the brain.

craniotomy

the surgical operation of opening the skull, as for an operation on the brain.

cybernetics

the comparative study of complex electronic devices and the nervous system in an attempt to understand better the nature of the human brain. — cyberneticist, n. — cybernetic, adj.

encephalitis

an inflamed condition of the brain.

heterotopy, heterotopia, heterotopism

a condition in which normal tissue is misplaced, especially in the brain, so that masses of gray matter are found in the white matter. See also biology.. — heterotopous, adj.

lobotomy

surgical severing of certain nerve fibers in the frontal lobe of the brain, once commonly performed to treat intractable depression. Also called prefrontal lobotomy.

menticide

the process of systematically altering beliefs and attitudes, especially through the use of drugs, torture, or psychological stress techniques; brainwashing.

phrenomagnetism

brain stimulation by hypnosis or magnetism.

prosencephalon

the forebrain. — prosencephalies, adj.

psychokinesis

a form of extreme or violent cerebral activity caused by defective inhibition. — psychokinetic, adj.

psychosurgery

the use of brain surgery to treat mental disorders. — psychosurgeon, n.

sensorium

the sensory apparatus of the body as a whole; the seat of physical sensation, imagined to be in the gray matter of the brain.

synectics

a procedure for the stating and solving of problems based upon creative thinking in figurative terms by a small, carefully chosen, and diversely specialized group.

telencephalon

the anterior section of the forebrain, containing the cerebrum and related structures. — telencephalic, adj.

telergy

the influence one brain is thought to exercise over another, from a distance, by means of some hypothetical mental energy.

topectomy

surgical excision of part of the cerebral cortex, as to provide relief for pain or treat certain mental disorders.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	brain - that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord encephalon circle of Willis - a ring of arteries at the base of the brain arteria communicans, communicating artery - any of three arteries in the brain that make up the circle of Willis neural structure - a structure that is part of the nervous system brain cell - a nerve cell in the brain central nervous system, CNS, systema nervosum centrale - the portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord neencephalon, neoencephalon - the part of the brain having the most recent phylogenetic origin; the cerebral cortex and related parts forebrain, prosencephalon - the anterior portion of the brain; the part of the brain that develops from the anterior part of the neural tube mesencephalon, midbrain - the middle portion of the brain hindbrain, rhombencephalon - the posterior portion of the brain including cerebellum and brainstem brain stem, brain-stem, brainstem - the part of the brain continuous with the spinal cord and comprising the medulla oblongata and pons and midbrain and parts of the hypothalamus ventricle - one of four connected cavities in the brain; is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord and contains cerebrospinal fluid head, caput - the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains; "he stuck his head out the window"
	2.	brain - mental ability; "he's got plenty of brains but no common sense" brainpower, learning ability, mental capacity, mentality, wit intelligence - the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience
	3.	brain - that which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason; "his mind wandered"; "I couldn't get his words out of my head" mind, psyche, nous, head cognition, knowledge, noesis - the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning noddle - an informal British expression for head or mind; "use your noddle" tabula rasa - a young mind not yet affected by experience (according to John Locke) ego - (psychoanalysis) the conscious mind unconscious, unconscious mind - that part of the mind wherein psychic activity takes place of which the person is unaware subconscious, subconscious mind - psychic activity just below the level of awareness
	4.	brain - someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality; "Mozart was a child genius"; "he's smart but he's no Einstein" brainiac, genius, mastermind, Einstein intellectual, intellect - a person who uses the mind creatively prodigy - an unusually gifted or intelligent (young) person; someone whose talents excite wonder and admiration; "she is a chess prodigy"
	5.	brain - the brain of certain animals used as meat organs, variety meat - edible viscera of a butchered animal calf's brain - the brain of a calf eaten as meat
Verb	1.	brain - hit on the head hit - deal a blow to, either with the hand or with an instrument; "He hit her hard in the face"
	2.	brain - kill by smashing someone's skull kill - cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly; "This man killed several people when he tried to rob a bank"; "The farmer killed a pig for the holidays"

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brain

noun

1. cerebrum, mind, grey matter (informal) The eye grows independently of the brain.

2. (Informal) intellectual, genius, scholar, sage, pundit, thinker, mastermind, intellect, prodigy, highbrow, rocket scientist (informal, chiefly U.S.), egghead (informal), brainbox, clever clogs, bluestocking (usually disparaging) I've never been much of a brain myself.

plural noun

intelligence, mind, reason, understanding, sense, capacity, smarts (slang, chiefly U.S.), wit, common sense, intellect, savvy (slang), nous (Brit. slang), suss (slang), shrewdness, sagacity They were not the only ones to have brains and ambition.

verb

(Informal) hit, strike, smash, belt (informal), sock (slang), clout (informal), slug, swipe (informal), wallop (informal) He had threatened to brain him then and there.

Related words
technical name encephalon
adjectives encephalic, cerebral

Quotations
"I was taught that the human brain was the crowning glory of evolution so far, but I think it's a very poor scheme for survival" [Kurt Vonnegut]

Parts of the brain

amygdala, brainstem, Broca's area, central sulcus, cerebellum, cerebral aqueduct, cerebral cortex or (nontechnical) grey matter, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrum, choroid plexus, corpus callosum, diencephalon, fourth ventricle, frontal lobe, hippocampus, hypothalamus, infundibulum, limbic system, mamillary body, medulla oblongata, meninges, midbrain, myelencephalon or (nontechnical) afterbrain, occipital lobe, optic chiasma, parietal lobe, pineal body, pituitary gland, pons Varolli, substantia alba or (nontechnical) white matter, temporal lobe, thalamus, third ventricle, vermis, Wernicke's area

Translations

brain [breɪn]

A. N

1. (Anat) → cerebro m
he's got politics on the brain → tiene la política metida en la cabeza
to get one's brain into gear → poner la mente a carburar

2. brains

2.1. (Anat, Culin) → sesos mpl
to beat sb's brains out → romper la crisma a algn
to blow one's brains out → volarse or levantarse la tapa de los sesos

2.2. (= intelligence) → inteligencia fsing, cabeza fsing
he's got brains → es muy listo, tiene mucha cabeza
he's the brains of the family → es el listo de la familia
see also pick B5
see also rack ¹ B1

B. VT → romper la crisma a

C. CPD brain damage N → lesión f cerebral or medular
brain death N → muerte f clínica or cerebral
brain drain N → fuga f de cerebros
brain scan N → exploración f cerebral mediante escáner
brain scanner N → escáner m cerebral
brains trust, brain trust (US) N → grupo m de peritos (TV etc) → jurado m de expertos
brain teaser N → rompecabezas m inv
brain tumour, brain tumor (US) N → tumor m cerebral

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brain [ˈbreɪn]

n

→ cerveau m
to have sth on the brain → être obsédé(e) par qch brains

npl

(= intelligence) → intelligence f
He's got brains
BUT Il est intelligent.
to be the brains of sth → être le cerveau de qch
He's the brains of the organization → C'est le cerveau de l'organisation.
to be the brains behind sth → être le cerveau de qch
to pick sb's brains → faire appel aux lumières de qn
I'd like to pick your brains about something
BUT J'ai besoin de tes lumières sur quelque chose.
to rack one's brains (= think hard) → se creuser la cervelle

(ANATOMY) to beat sb's brains out, to bash sb's brains out → estourbir qn >
to blow sb's brains out → faire sauter la cervelle de qn
brain cell n (ANATOMY) → cellule f cérébrale

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brain

n

(Anat, of machine) → Gehirn nt; he’s got sex/cars on the brain (inf) → er hat nur Sex/Autos im Kopf; I’ve got that tune on the brain (inf) → das Lied geht or will mir nicht aus dem Kopf

brains pl (Anat) → Gehirn nt; (Cook) → Hirn nt

(= mind) → Verstand m; brains pl (= intelligence) → Intelligenz f, → Grips m (inf), → Köpfchen nt (inf); to have a good brain → einen klaren or guten Verstand haben; he has brains → er ist intelligent, er hat Grips (inf) → or Köpfchen (inf); she’s the brains of the family → sie ist das Familiengenie (hum), → sie ist die Schlauste in der Familie; you’re the one with the brains → du bist doch der Schlaue or Intelligente hier; use your brains → streng mal deinen Kopf or Grips (inf) → an; he didn’t have the brains to … → er ist nicht einmal daraufgekommen, zu …

vt → den Schädel einschlagen (sb jdm)

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brain:

brain activity

n → (Ge)hirntätigkeit f

brainbox

n (hum inf) → Schlauberger m (inf)

brainchild

n → Erfindung f; (= idea) → Geistesprodukt nt

brain damage

n → (Ge)hirnschaden m

brain-damaged

adj (lit) → hirngeschädigt; (fig inf) → (ge)hirnamputiert (hum inf)

braindead

adj (lit) → (ge)hirntot; (fig inf) → gehirnamputiert; (inf)

brain death

n → (Ge)hirntod m

brain drain

n → Abwanderung f → von Wissenschaftlern, Braindrain m

brainfag

n → geistige Erschöpfung

brain failure

n (inf) → Aussetzer m (inf)

brain fart

n (inf) → Gedankenfurz m

brain fever

n → Hirnhautentzündung f

brain fog

n (inf) → Gehirnnebel m (inf), eingeschränkte geistige Leistungsfähigkeit

brain gain

n → Brain Gain m or nt, Gewinn ausländischer Spitzenforscher und -manager

brain haemorrhage, brain hemorrhage (US)

n → (Ge)hirnblutung f

brainless

adj plan, idea → hirnlos, dumm; person also → unbedarft

brainpower

n → Intelligenz f

brain scan

n → Computertomografie f → des Schädels

brain scanner

n → Computertomograf m (zur Untersuchung des Gehirns)

brainstorm

n

(Brit) to have a brain → geistig weggetreten sein (inf)

(US: = brainwave) → Geistesblitz m

vi → ein Brainstorming machen

vt → gemeinsam erarbeiten

brainstorming

n → gemeinsame Problembewältigung, Brainstorming nt; to have a brain session → ein Brainstorming veranstalten or abhalten

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brain:

brain surgeon

n → Neurochirurg(in) m(f), → Hirnchirurg(in) m(f)

brain-teaser

n → Denksportaufgabe f

brain trust

n (US) → Braintrust m, → Expertenausschuss m

brain tumour, (US) brain tumor

n → Gehirntumor m

brainwash

vt → einer Gehirnwäsche (dat) → unterziehen; to brain somebody into believing/accepting etc that … → jdm (ständig) einreden, dass …

brainwashing

n → Gehirnwäsche f

brainwave

n

(Brit) → Geistesblitz m

brainwaves pl (Physiol) → Gehirnströme pl

brainwork

n → Kopfarbeit f

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brain [breɪn]

1. n

a. (Anat) → cervello (Culin) brains npl → cervella sg
to blow one's brains out → farsi saltare le cervella
he's got cars on the brain → ha il chiodo fisso delle macchine

b. (fig) (fam) (intelligence) brains npl → testa
he's got brains → ha (del) cervello, è intelligente
he's the brains of the family → è il cervellone di casa

2. vt (fam) → spaccare la testa a

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brain

n brain [brein]

1 the centre of the nervous system an injury to the brain; (also adjective ) brain surgery; brain damage. brein دماغ، مُخ мозък mozek; mozkový hjerne das Gehirn εγκέφαλος cerebro peaaju مغز aivot (au/du) cerveau מֹח @@@מוֹח$$$ दिमाग, बुद्धि mozak agy otak heili cervello; cerebrale 脳 뇌 smegenys smadzenes otak brein, hersenen; hersen- hjerne mózg cérebro (pe/la) creier мозг mozog; mozgový možgani mozak hjärna สมอง beyin 腦 мозок دماغ ، مغز bộ não 脑

2 (often in plural) cleverness a good brain; You've plenty of brains. verstand ذكاء، مقدرة عقليه ум inteligence forstand; hjerne das Köpfchen εξυπνάδα cabeza, inteligencia mõistus هوش älykkyys intelligence שֵׂכֶל बुद्धि inteligencija ész pandai gáfur intelligenza, cervello 頭脳 지력 protas prāts; saprāts; garīgās spējas bijak hersens forstand, vett rozum cabeça inteligenţă умственные способности inteligencia pamet pamet huvud, begåvning ความฉลาด beyin, zekâ, akıl 智力 розум, глузд چالاکی ، ہوشیاری trí tuệ 智力

3 a clever person He's one of the best brains in the country. intelligent, slim شخص ذكي умник inteligent, mozek hjerne; godt hoved der Kopf έξυπνος άνθρωπος, μυαλό (μτφ.) cerebro, cerebrito aju آدم باهوش älykäs henkilö cerveau מֹח @@@מוֹח$$$ बुद्धिमान jako pametna osoba akinek jó feje van orang pintar gáfumaður cervello, esperto 知力のすぐれた人 수재 galvotas žmogus, galva gudrs cilvēks; gudra galva orang bijak knappe kop et godt hode, skarping tęga głowa inteligência minte, persoană inteligentă голова mozog glava genijalac skarp hjärna คนฉลาด zeki kimse, kafalı adam 智囊 голова لائق ، چالاک người thông minh 智囊

adj brainless

stupid a brainless idiot. breinloos, onnosel ضعيف العقل глупав hloupý ubegavet hirnlos ανεγκέφαλος estúpido, insensato rumal ابله aivoton stupide טִפֵּש, @@@טִיפֵּש$$$ מְפָגֵר मंदबुद्धि glup buta bodoh heimskur stupido 頭の悪い 어리석은 begalvis, kvailas muļķīgs bodoh hersenloos ubegavet, enfoldig bezgłowy, głupi estúpido cretin безмозглый sprostý neumen glup enfaldig โง่ beyinsiz, salak 愚蠢的 безглуздий, дурний بے سمجھ ، احمق không có đầu óc

adj brainy

clever She's a brainy child. slim, knap, skrander, vernuftig ذكي умен chytrý begavet gescheit ευφυής brilante, muy inteligente, con mucho talento taibukas باهوش älykäs doué מַבְרִיק बुद्धिमान pametan okos, eszes pintar gáfaður intelligente 頭の良い 총명한 galvotas gudrs; ar gaišu galvu bijak slim begavet, intelligent rozgarnięty inteligente deştept умный chytrý bister pametan begåvad, klyftig ฉลาดมาก zeki, kafalı 聰明的 тямовитий; розумний تیز فہم ، ذہین thông minh 聪明的

n brainchild

a favourite theory, invention etc thought up by a particular person This entire process is Dr Smith's brainchild. geesteskind, uitvinding وليد أفكار المرء، إبتكار продукт на мисълта/въображението nápad, duchovní dítě opfindelse; idé das Geistesprodukt πνευματική δημιουργία, επινόηση parto del ingenio, invento, creación vaimusünnitus محصول فکری hengentuote idée personnelle פְּרִי יְצִירָתוֹ विचार या आविष्कार ideja szellemi gyermek gagasan hugarfóstur frutto dell'ingegno 独自に考え出したもの 독창적인 계획(생각) kūdikis (kādas personas) oriģināla doma, ideja teori geesteskind innfall, grille wspaniały pomysł criação idee (personală) детище duchovné dieťa lastna zamisel pronalazak idé ความคิดหรือสิ่งประดิษฐ์ buluş, icat 腦力勞動的成果，心血結晶 дітище, ідея ایجاد ، اختراع sự phát minh 脑力劳动的产物

brain drain

the loss of experts to another country (usually in search of better salaries etc) As a result of the brain drain Britain does not have enough doctors. breinerosie, uitvloei van kundigheid, talentverlies هجرة العقول، رحيل العلماء загуба на учени и на висококвалифицирани специалисти поради емигриране únik mozků hjerneflugt; forskerflugt die Abwanderung (von Wissenschaftlern) διαρροή επιστημόνων fuga de cerebros ajude äravool فرار مغزها aivovuoto exode des cerveaux בְּרִיחַת מוֹחוֹת मेघापलायन odljev mozgova tudóscsábítás, agyelszívás perpindahan tenaga ahli ke luar negeri vitsmunaflótti; brottflutningar menntamanna fuga dei cervelli 頭脳流出 두뇌 유출 smegenų nutekėjimas smadzeņu noplūde penghijrahan cendiakawan uittocht van het intellect ekspertflukt drenaż mózgu fuga de talentos exod de creiere утечка мозгов únik mozgov beg možganov odliv mozgova forskarflykt, begåvningsflykt สมองไหล beyin göçü 人才外流 відтік мізків لائق لوگوں کا غیر ممالک میں چلے جانا chảy máu chất xám 智囊流失

v brainwash

to force (a person) to confess etc by putting great (psychological) pressure on him The terrorists brainwashed him into believing in their ideals. breinspoel, weerstandsafbreking غسل دماغ промивам на мозъка vymýt mozek hjernevaske jemanden einer Gehirnwäsche unterziehen κάνω πλύση εγκεφάλου lavar el cerebro ajuloputust tegema شستشوی مغزی دادن aivopestä faire un lavage de cerveau à לשְׁטִיפַת מֹח बलात् मत प्रवर्तन करना nametnuti svoje mišljenje „agymosást” végez vkin cuci otak, mengindoktrinasi heilaþvo fare il lavaggio del cervello 洗脳する 세뇌하다 praplauti smegenis psiholoģiski iespaidot; ´skalot smadzenes basuh otak hersenspoelen hjernevaske indoktrynować, robić pranie mózgu fazer lavagem ao cérebro a spăla creierul промывать мозги vymyť mozog, preškoliť prati možgane ispirati mozak hjärntvätta ล้างสมอง beyin yıkamak 對（人）洗腦 полоскати мізки بہت زیادہ نفسیاتی دباؤ ڈالنا tẩy não 对（人）实行洗脑

n brainwashing

breinspoeling غسل الدماغ промиване на мозъка vymývání mozků hjernevask die Gehirnwäsche πλύση εγκεφάλου lavado de cerebro ajuloputus شستشوی مغزی lavage de cerveau שְׁטִיפַת מֹח बलात् मत प्रवर्तन pranje mozga „agymosás” cuci otak lavaggio del cervello 洗脳 세뇌 smegenų plovimas psiholoģiska iespaidošana; ´smadzeņu skalošana membasuh otak hersenspoeling hjernevasking pranie mózgu промывка мозгов vymývanie mozgov, (de)formovanie myslenia pranje možganov ispiranje mozga hjärntvätt การล้างสมอง beyin yıkama 靈机妙想，洗腦 прополіскування мізків نفسیاتی دباؤ sự tẩy não 灵机妙想，洗脑

n brainwave

a sudden bright idea. breingolf, blink gedagte/idee فكره بارعه، موجه دماغيه щастливо хрумване náhlý nápad lys idé der Geistesblitz ξαφνική έμπνευση, φαεινή ιδέα idea luminosa vaimuvälgatus الهام ناگهانی älynväläys idée géniale הַברָקָה सूझ, विचार, तरंग sjajna ideja hirtelen jó ötlet ide cemerlang, ilham innblástur idea brillante ひらめき 뇌파 proto nušvitimas, gera mintis spoža ideja; pēkšņa atklāsme ilham ingeving lys idé genialna myśl, olśnienie ideia luminosa idee genială блестящая идея náhla myšlienka dobra zamisel ideja snilleblixt ความคิดดีที่นึกได้ทันที parlak fikir, esin 靈機一動 щаслива ідея اچھوتا خیال sáng kiến bất chợt 灵机妙想

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brain → دِمَاغ mozek hjerne Gehirn εγκέφαλος cerebro aivot cerveau mozak cervello 脳 뇌 hersenen hjerne mózg cérebro мозг hjärna สมอง beyin não 头脑