penalty (redirected from penalties)

pen·al·ty  (pnl-t)

n. pl. pen·al·ties

1. A punishment established by law or authority for a crime or offense.

2. Something, especially a sum of money, required as a forfeit for an offense.

3. The disadvantage or painful consequences resulting from an action or condition: neglected his health and paid the penalty.

4. Sports

a. A punishment, handicap, or loss of advantage imposed on a team or competitor for infraction of a rule.

b. An infraction of a rule; a foul.

5. Games Points scored in contract bridge by the opponents when the declarer fails to make a bid. Often used in the plural.

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[Middle English penalte, from Old French penalite, from Medieval Latin poenlits, from Latin poenlis, penal; see penal.]

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penalty [ˈpɛn^əltɪ]

n pl -ties

1. (Law) a legal or official punishment, such as a term of imprisonment

2. some other form of punishment, such as a fine or forfeit for not fulfilling a contract

3. loss, suffering, or other unfortunate result of one's own action, error, etc.

4. (General Sporting Terms) Sport Games a handicap awarded against a player or team for illegal play, such as a free shot at goal by the opposing team, loss of points, etc.

[from Medieval Latin poenālitās penalty; see penal]

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	penalty - the act of punishing                 penalisation, penalization, punishment social control - control exerted (actively or passively) by group action chastisement, castigation - verbal punishment corporal punishment - the infliction of physical injury on someone convicted of committing a crime cruel and unusual punishment - punishment prohibited by the 8th amendment to the U.S. Constitution; includes torture or degradation or punishment too severe for the crime committed detention - a punishment in which a student must stay at school after others have gone home; "the detention of tardy pupils" discipline, correction - the act of punishing; "the offenders deserved the harsh discipline they received" economic strangulation - punishment of a group by cutting off commercial dealings with them; "the economic strangulation of the Jews by the Nazi Party" imprisonment - putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment medicine, music - punishment for one's actions; "you have to face the music"; "take your medicine" self-punishment - punishment inflicted on yourself stick - threat of a penalty; "the policy so far is all stick and no carrot" self-abasement, self-mortification, penance - voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing
	2.	penalty - a payment required for not fulfilling a contract payment - a sum of money paid or a claim discharged requital, retribution - a justly deserved penalty forfeit, forfeiture - a penalty for a fault or mistake that involves losing or giving up something; "the contract specified forfeits if the work was not completed on time" amercement, fine, mulct - money extracted as a penalty
	3.	penalty - the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition; "neglected his health and paid the penalty" disadvantage - the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position advantage, reward - benefit resulting from some event or action; "it turned out to my advantage"; "reaping the rewards of generosity"
	4.	penalty - (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game game - a contest with rules to determine a winner; "you need four people to play this game" handicap - advantage given to a competitor to equalize chances of winning game misconduct - (ice hockey) a penalty that suspends a player for the remainder of a game (but allows the team to send in a substitute for the suspended player)

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penalty

noun

1. punishment, price, fine, handicap, forfeit, retribution, forfeiture The maximum penalty is 7 years' imprisonment.

2. disadvantage, difficulty, handicap, drawback, snag, uphill (S. African), downside, unpleasant aspect the penalty of being a girl

Translations

penalty [ˈpɛn^əlti] n

(= punishment) → sanction f
to pay the penalty for sth [+ mistake, error] → être pénalisé(e) pour qch
Why should I pay the penalty for someone's else's mistake? → Pourquoi devrais-je être pénalisé alors que la faute revient à un autre?
to pay the penalty for a crime → assumer la responsabilité d'un crime
Rather than pay the penalty for his crimes, he had cut his wrists → Il s'est coupé les veines plutôt que d'avoir à assumer la responsabilité de ses crimes.

(= fine) → amende f, pénalité f

(= punishment) (for player, team) → pénalisation f

(also penalty kick) (FOOTBALL) → penalty m (RUGBY) → coup m de pied de pénalité
to award a penalty → accorder un penalty penalty shot, penalty spot
penalty area penalty box n (FOOTBALL) → surface f de réparation
penalty clause n → clause f pénale
penalty goal n → but m sur penalty
penalty kick n (FOOTBALL) → penalty m (RUGBY) → coup m de pied de pénalité
penalty point n

(on driving licence) → point m de pénalité

(awarded against team, player) → point m de pénalité
penalty shoot-out n → tirs mpl au but, épreuve mpl des tirs au but
penalty shot n → penalty m
penalty spot n → point m de réparation

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penalty

n

(= punishment) → Strafe f; (fig: = disadvantage) → Nachteil m; the penalty (for this) is death → darauf steht die Todesstrafe; you know the penalty → Sie wissen, welche Strafe darauf steht; “penalty £50” → „bei Zuwiderhandlung wird eine Geldstrafe von £ 50 erhoben“; to carry the death penalty/the penalty of imprisonment → mit dem Tod/mit Gefängnis bestraft werden; on penalty of £200 → bei einer Geldstrafe von £ 200; to pay the penalty → dafür büßen; that’s the penalty you pay for … → das ist die Strafe dafür, dass …

(Sport) → Strafstoß m; (Ftbl) → Elfmeter m; (Golf, Bridge) → Strafpunkt m; the match was decided on penalties (Ftbl) → die Partie wurde durch Elfmeterschießen entschieden

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penalty:

penalty area

n → Strafraum m

penalty box

n (Ftbl) → Strafraum m; (Ice Hockey) → Strafbank f

penalty clause

n → Strafklausel f

penalty goal

n (Rugby) → Straftor nt

penalty kick

n → Strafstoß m

penalty killer

n (Ice Hockey) → Penalty-Killer(in) m(f), → Unterzahlspezialist(in) m(f)

penalty line

n → Strafraumgrenze f

penalty point

n (Aut, Jur, Sport) → Strafpunkt m

penalty rates

pl (Auatral inf) → Zulagen f (für geleistete Überstunden)

penalty shoot-out

n (Ftbl) → Elfmeterschießen nt

penalty shot

n (Ice hockey) → Strafschuss m; (Golf) → Strafschlag m; (Basketball US) → Freiwurf m

penalty spot

n (Ftbl) → Elfmeterpunkt m

penalty taker

n (Ftbl) → Elfmeterschütze m → /-schützin f

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penalty [ˈpɛn/əltɪ] n

a. (punishment) → pena (fig) (disadvantage) → svantaggio; (fine) → ammenda
those who break the rules do so on penalty of dismissal → coloro che infrangono il regolamento verranno puniti con il licenziamento
the penalty for not doing this is ... → se non si fa questo la punizione sarà...

b. (Sport) → penalità f inv (Ftbl) → (calcio di) rigore m

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penalty [ˈpɛn/əltɪ] n

a. (punishment) → pena (fig) (disadvantage) → svantaggio; (fine) → ammenda
those who break the rules do so on penalty of dismissal → coloro che infrangono il regolamento verranno puniti con il licenziamento
the penalty for not doing this is ... → se non si fa questo la punizione sarà...

b. (Sport) → penalità f inv (Ftbl) → (calcio di) rigore m

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penalty

n penalty [ˈpenlti]

1 a punishment for doing wrong, breaking a contract etc They did wrong and they will have to pay the penalty; The death penalty has been abolished in this country. straf عُقوبَه наказание trest, pokuta straf; -straf die Strafe ποινή, τιμωρία pena, castigo karistus مجازات rangaistus pénalité, peine עוֹנֶש दण्ड, सजा kazna,globa büntetés hukuman hegning penale; pena 罰 처벌 bauda, bausmė sods hukuman straf straff; bot kara pena pedeapsă; amendă наказание trest kazen kazna straff การลงโทษ ceza 懲罰 штраф, покарання سزا، جرمانہ hình phạt/ tiền phạt 惩罚

2 in sport etc, a disadvantage etc that must be suffered for breaking the rules etc The referee awarded the team a penalty; (also adjective ) a penalty kick straf ضَرْبَة جَزاء наказателен удар trestný bod; penalta; pokuta straffe; straffe- die Strafe; Straf-... πέναλτι castigo máximo, sanción karistus پنالتی rangaistus pénalité עוֹנשִין पेनाल्टी jedanaesterac tizenegyes; négyméteres pinalti víti rigore 罰則 벌칙 bauda, baudinys sods; soda sitiens/metiens u.tml. penalti strafschop straff, straffe- karny grande penalidade penalty, lovitură de pe­deap­să штраф(ное очко) trestný bod; penalta; trestný prekršek, enajstmetrovka penal straff, bestraffning โทษทัณฑ์ ceza, penaltı 犯規處罰 пенальті کھيل کي پنالٹي cú phạt đền 犯规处罚

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penalty → جزاء trest straf Strafe ποινή castigo rangaistus pénalité kazna multa 刑罰 처벌 boete straff kara pena наказание straff โทษฑัณท์ทางกฏหมาย penaltı hình phạt 处罚