to (t ; t when unstressed)prep. 1. a. In a direction toward so as to reach: went to the city. b. Towards: turned to me. 2. a. Reaching as far as: The ocean water was clear all the way to the bottom. b. To the extent or degree of: loved him to distraction. c. With the resultant condition of: nursed her back to health. 3. Toward a given state: helping minority women to economic equality. 4. In contact with; against: their faces pressed to the windows. 5. In front of: stood face to face. 6. Used to indicate appropriation or possession: looked for the top to the jar. 7. Concerning; regarding: waiting for an answer to my letter. 8. In a particular relationship with: The brook runs parallel to the road. 9. As an accompaniment or a complement of: danced to the tune. 10. Composing; constituting: two cups to a pint. 11. In accord with: job responsibilities suited to her abilities. 12. As compared with: a book superior to his others. 13. a. Before: The time is ten to five. b. Up till; until: worked from nine to five. 14. a. For the purpose of: went out to lunch. b. In honor of: a toast to the queen. 15. a. Used before a verb to indicate the infinitive: I'd like to go. b. Used alone when the infinitive is understood: Go if you want to. 16. a. Used to indicate the relationship of a verb with its complement: refer to a dictionary; refer me to a dictionary. b. Used with a reflexive pronoun to indicate exclusivity or separateness: had the plane to ourselves. adv. 1. In one direction; toward a person or thing: owls with feathers wrong end to. 2. Into a shut or closed position: pushed the door to. 3. Into a state of consciousness: The patient came to. 4. Into a state of action or attentiveness: sat down for lunch and fell to. 5. Nautical Into the wind. [Middle English, from Old English t  ; see de- in Indo-European roots.] |
to1
prep
1. used to indicate the destination of the subject or object of an action he climbed to the top
2. used to mark the indirect object of a verb in a sentence telling stories to children
3. used to mark the infinitive of a verb he wanted to go
4. as far as; until working from Monday to Friday
5. used to indicate equality 16 ounces to the pound
6. against; upon; onto put your ear to the wall
7. before the hour of five minutes to four
8. accompanied by dancing to loud music
9. as compared with, as against the score was eight to three
10. used to indicate a resulting condition he tore her dress to shreds they starved to death
adv
towards a fixed position, esp (of a door) closed
[Old English tō; related to Old Frisian, Old Saxon to, Old High German zuo, Latin do- as in dōnec until]
to2
(Electronics & Computer Science / Computer Science)
the Internet domain name for Tonga
Translations
to [tʊ, tuː, tə]
A. PREPOSITION
When to is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg set to, heave to, look up the phrasal verb. When to is part of a set combination, eg nice to, to my mind, to all appearances, appeal to, look up the other word.
1. (destination) → a
a letter to his wife → una carta a su mujer
he fell to the floor → cayó al suelo
to go to Paris/Spain → ir a París/España
to go to Peru → ir al Perú
to go to school/university → ir al colegio/a la Universidad
to go to the doctor's → ir al médico
I liked the exhibition, I went to it twice → me gustó la exposición, fui a verla dos veces
BUT we're going to John's/my parents' for Christmas → vamos a casa de John/mis padres por Navidad
have you ever been to India? → ¿has estado alguna vez en la India?
flights to Heathrow → vuelos a or con destino a Heathrow
the road to Edinburgh → la carretera de Edimburgo
see also church A2
Note: a + el = al
it's 90 kilometres to Lima → de aquí a Lima hay 90 kilómetros, hay 90 kilómetros a Limaa letter to his wife → una carta a su mujer
he fell to the floor → cayó al suelo
to go to Paris/Spain → ir a París/España
to go to Peru → ir al Perú
to go to school/university → ir al colegio/a la Universidad
to go to the doctor's → ir al médico
I liked the exhibition, I went to it twice → me gustó la exposición, fui a verla dos veces
BUT we're going to John's/my parents' for Christmas → vamos a casa de John/mis padres por Navidad
have you ever been to India? → ¿has estado alguna vez en la India?
flights to Heathrow → vuelos a or con destino a Heathrow
the road to Edinburgh → la carretera de Edimburgo
see also church A2
2. (= towards) → hacia
he walked slowly to the door → caminó despacio hacia la puerta
he turned to me → se giró hacia mí
move it to the left/right → muévelo hacia la izquierda/derecha
he walked slowly to the door → caminó despacio hacia la puerta
he turned to me → se giró hacia mí
move it to the left/right → muévelo hacia la izquierda/derecha
3. (= as far as) → hasta
from here to London → de aquí a or hasta Londres
I'll see you to the door → te acompaño hasta la puerta
from here to London → de aquí a or hasta Londres
I'll see you to the door → te acompaño hasta la puerta
4. (= up to) → hasta
to count to ten → contar hasta diez
it's accurate to (within) a millimetre → es exacto hasta el milímetro
BUT to some extent → hasta cierto punto, en cierta medida
we are expecting 40 to 50 people → esperamos entre 40 y 50 personas
to this day I still don't know what he meant → aún hoy no sé lo que quiso decir
eight years ago to the day → hoy hace exactamente ocho años
he didn't stay to the end → no se quedó hasta el final
from Monday to Friday → de lunes a viernes
from morning to night → de la mañana a la noche, desde la mañana hasta la noche
funds to the value of → fondos por valor de ...
see also decimal A
to count to ten → contar hasta diez
it's accurate to (within) a millimetre → es exacto hasta el milímetro
BUT to some extent → hasta cierto punto, en cierta medida
we are expecting 40 to 50 people → esperamos entre 40 y 50 personas
to this day I still don't know what he meant → aún hoy no sé lo que quiso decir
eight years ago to the day → hoy hace exactamente ocho años
he didn't stay to the end → no se quedó hasta el final
from Monday to Friday → de lunes a viernes
from morning to night → de la mañana a la noche, desde la mañana hasta la noche
funds to the value of → fondos por valor de ...
see also decimal A
5. (= located at) → a
the door is to the left (of the window) → la puerta está a la izquierda(de la ventana)
the airport is to the west of the city → el aeropuerto está al oeste de la ciudad
the door is to the left (of the window) → la puerta está a la izquierda(de la ventana)
the airport is to the west of the city → el aeropuerto está al oeste de la ciudad
6. (= against) → contra
he stood with his back to the wall → estaba con la espalda contra la pared
he clasped her to him → la estrechó contra sí
BUT to turn a picture to the wall → volver un cuadro mirando a la pared
he stood with his back to the wall → estaba con la espalda contra la pared
he clasped her to him → la estrechó contra sí
BUT to turn a picture to the wall → volver un cuadro mirando a la pared
7. (when telling time) it's a quarter to three → son las tres menos cuarto, es or (LAm) falta un cuarto para las tres
at eight minutes to ten → a las diez menos ocho
at eight minutes to ten → a las diez menos ocho
8. (introducing indirect object) → a
to give sth to sb → dar algo a algn
I gave it to my friend → se lo di a mi amigo
the man I sold it to or > to whom I sold it (frm) → el hombre a quien se lo vendí
BUT it belongs to me → me pertenece(a mí), es mío
they were kind to me → fueron amables conmigo
it's new to me → es nuevo para mí
what is that to me? → ¿y a mí qué me importa eso?
"that's strange," I said to myself → -es raro -me dije para mis adentros
to give sth to sb → dar algo a algn
I gave it to my friend → se lo di a mi amigo
the man I sold it to or > to whom I sold it (frm) → el hombre a quien se lo vendí
BUT it belongs to me → me pertenece(a mí), es mío
they were kind to me → fueron amables conmigo
it's new to me → es nuevo para mí
what is that to me? → ¿y a mí qué me importa eso?
"that's strange," I said to myself → -es raro -me dije para mis adentros
9. (in dedications, greetings) greetings to all our friends! → ¡saludos a todos los amigos!
welcome to you all! → ¡bienvenidos todos!
"to P.R. Lilly" (in book) → "para P.R. Lilly"
here's to you! → ¡va por ti!, ¡por ti!
a monument to the fallen → un monumento a los caídos, un monumento en honor a los caídos
welcome to you all! → ¡bienvenidos todos!
"to P.R. Lilly" (in book) → "para P.R. Lilly"
here's to you! → ¡va por ti!, ¡por ti!
a monument to the fallen → un monumento a los caídos, un monumento en honor a los caídos
10. (in ratios, proportions) → por
there were three men to a cell → había tres hombres por celda
it does 30 miles to the gallon → hace 30 millas por galón
eight apples to the kilo → ocho manzanas por kilo
there are about five pesos to the dollar → son unos cinco pesos por dólar
a scale of 1 centimetre to 1 kilometre → una escala de 1 centímetro por kilómetro
200 people to the square mile → 200 personas por milla cuadrada
BUT the odds are 8 to 1 → las probabilidades son de 8 a 1
the odds against it happening are a million to one → las probabilidades de que eso ocurra son una entre un millón
by a majority of 12 to 10 → por una mayoría de 12 a 10
they won by four goals to two → ganaron por cuatro goles a dos
three to the fourth; three to the power of four (Math) → tres a la cuarta potencia
there were three men to a cell → había tres hombres por celda
it does 30 miles to the gallon → hace 30 millas por galón
eight apples to the kilo → ocho manzanas por kilo
there are about five pesos to the dollar → son unos cinco pesos por dólar
a scale of 1 centimetre to 1 kilometre → una escala de 1 centímetro por kilómetro
200 people to the square mile → 200 personas por milla cuadrada
BUT the odds are 8 to 1 → las probabilidades son de 8 a 1
the odds against it happening are a million to one → las probabilidades de que eso ocurra son una entre un millón
by a majority of 12 to 10 → por una mayoría de 12 a 10
they won by four goals to two → ganaron por cuatro goles a dos
three to the fourth; three to the power of four (Math) → tres a la cuarta potencia
11. (in comparisons) → a
superior to the others → superior a los demás
A is to B as C is to D → A es a B como C es a D
BUT that's nothing to what is to come → eso no es nada en comparación con lo que está por venir
superior to the others → superior a los demás
A is to B as C is to D → A es a B como C es a D
BUT that's nothing to what is to come → eso no es nada en comparación con lo que está por venir
12. (= about, concerning) what do you say to that? → ¿qué te parece(eso)?
what would you say to a beer? → ¿te parece que tomemos una cerveza?
"to repairing pipes: ..." (on bill) → "reparación de las cañerías: ..."
what would you say to a beer? → ¿te parece que tomemos una cerveza?
"to repairing pipes: ..." (on bill) → "reparación de las cañerías: ..."
14. (= to the accompaniment of) we danced to the music of the band → bailamos con la música de la orquesta
they came out to the strains of the national anthem → salieron a los compases del himno nacional
it is sung to the tune of "Tipperary" → se canta con la melodía de "Tipperary"
they came out to the strains of the national anthem → salieron a los compases del himno nacional
it is sung to the tune of "Tipperary" → se canta con la melodía de "Tipperary"
15. (= of, for) → de
the key to the front door → la llave de la puerta principal
assistant to the manager → asistente del gerente
BUT he was a good father to the children → fue un buen padre para sus hijos
it offers a solution to your problem → te ofrece una solución para el problema
we've found the solution to the problem → hemos encontrado solución al problema
the British ambassador to Moscow → el embajador británico en Moscú
he has been a good friend to us → ha sido un buen amigo para nosotros
the key to the front door → la llave de la puerta principal
assistant to the manager → asistente del gerente
BUT he was a good father to the children → fue un buen padre para sus hijos
it offers a solution to your problem → te ofrece una solución para el problema
we've found the solution to the problem → hemos encontrado solución al problema
the British ambassador to Moscow → el embajador británico en Moscú
he has been a good friend to us → ha sido un buen amigo para nosotros
16. (with gerund/noun)
to look forward to doing sth → tener muchas ganas de hacer algo
I'm really looking forward to the holidays → estoy deseando que lleguen las vacaciones
to prefer painting to drawing → preferir pintar a dibujar
to be used to (doing) sth → estar acostumbrado a(hacer)algo
to look forward to doing sth → tener muchas ganas de hacer algo
I'm really looking forward to the holidays → estoy deseando que lleguen las vacaciones
to prefer painting to drawing → preferir pintar a dibujar
to be used to (doing) sth → estar acostumbrado a(hacer)algo
B. INFINITIVE PARTICLE
2. (following another verb)
2.1.
she refused to listen → se negó a escuchar
to start to cry → empezar or ponerse a llorar
to try to do sth → tratar de hacer algo, intentar hacer algo
to want to do sth → querer hacer algo
A preposition may be required with the Spanish infinitive, depending on what precedes it: look up the verb.
she refused to listen → se negó a escuchar
to start to cry → empezar or ponerse a llorar
to try to do sth → tratar de hacer algo, intentar hacer algo
to want to do sth → querer hacer algo
2.2. (object as subject of following infinitive)
I'd advise you to think this over → te aconsejaría que te pensaras bien esto
he'd like me to give up work → le gustaría que dejase de trabajar
we'd prefer him to go to university → preferiríamos que fuese a la universidad
I want you to do it → quiero que lo hagas
I'd advise you to think this over → te aconsejaría que te pensaras bien esto
he'd like me to give up work → le gustaría que dejase de trabajar
we'd prefer him to go to university → preferiríamos que fuese a la universidad
I want you to do it → quiero que lo hagas
2.3. I have things to do → tengo cosas que hacer
he has a lot to lose → tiene mucho que perder
there was no one for me to ask; there wasn't anyone for me to ask → no había nadie a quien yo pudiese preguntar
he's not the sort or type to do that → no es de los que hacen eso
that book is still to be written → ese libro está todavía por escribir
now is the time to do it → ahora es el momento de hacerlo
and who is he to criticize? → ¿y quién es él para criticar?
he has a lot to lose → tiene mucho que perder
there was no one for me to ask; there wasn't anyone for me to ask → no había nadie a quien yo pudiese preguntar
he's not the sort or type to do that → no es de los que hacen eso
that book is still to be written → ese libro está todavía por escribir
now is the time to do it → ahora es el momento de hacerlo
and who is he to criticize? → ¿y quién es él para criticar?
3. (purpose, result) → para
he did it to help you → lo hizo para ayudarte
I have done nothing to deserve this → no he hecho nada para merecer esto
it disappeared, never to be seen again → desapareció para siempre
BUT I arrived to find she had gone → cuando llegué me encontré con que se había ido
he came to see you → vino a verte
he's gone to get the paper → ha ido a por el periódico
he did it to help you → lo hizo para ayudarte
I have done nothing to deserve this → no he hecho nada para merecer esto
it disappeared, never to be seen again → desapareció para siempre
BUT I arrived to find she had gone → cuando llegué me encontré con que se había ido
he came to see you → vino a verte
he's gone to get the paper → ha ido a por el periódico
4. (standing in for verb)
"would you like to come to dinner?" - "I'd love to!" → -¿te gustaría venir a cenar? -¡me encantaría!
you may not want to do it but you ought to for the sake of your education → tal vez no quieres hacerlo pero deberías en aras de tu educación
I don't want to → no quiero
I forgot to → se me olvidó
to is not translated when it stands for the infinitive:
we didn't want to sell it but we had to → no queríamos venderlo pero tuvimos que hacerlo or no hubo más remedio"would you like to come to dinner?" - "I'd love to!" → -¿te gustaría venir a cenar? -¡me encantaría!
you may not want to do it but you ought to for the sake of your education → tal vez no quieres hacerlo pero deberías en aras de tu educación
I don't want to → no quiero
I forgot to → se me olvidó
5. (after adjective)
it's hard to describe the feeling → es difícil describir la sensación
these dogs are hard to control → estos perros son difíciles de controlar
the first/last to go → el primero/último en irse
he's young to be a grandfather → es joven para ser abuelo EASY, DIFFICULT, IMPOSSIBLE
For combinations like difficult/easy/foolish/ ready/slow to etc, look up the adjective.
it is very expensive to live in London → resulta muy caro vivir en Londresit's hard to describe the feeling → es difícil describir la sensación
these dogs are hard to control → estos perros son difíciles de controlar
the first/last to go → el primero/último en irse
he's young to be a grandfather → es joven para ser abuelo EASY, DIFFICULT, IMPOSSIBLE
6. (in exclamations) and then to be let down like that! → ¡y para que luego te decepcionen así!
and to think he didn't mean a word of it! → ¡y pensar que nada de lo que dijo era de verdad!
and to think he didn't mean a word of it! → ¡y pensar que nada de lo que dijo era de verdad!
7. to see him now one would never think that → al verlo or viéndolo ahora nadie creería que ...
to [ˈtu tə ˈtuː]
prep
(indicating direction) → à
to go to France → aller en France
to go to Portugal → aller au Portugal
to go to London → aller à Londres
to go to school → aller à l'école
to go to the theatre → aller au théâtre
to go to Claude's → aller chez Claude
to go to the doctor's → aller chez le docteur
the road to Edinburgh → la route d'Édimbourg
the train to London → le train de Londres
to go to France → aller en France
to go to Portugal → aller au Portugal
to go to London → aller à Londres
to go to school → aller à l'école
to go to the theatre → aller au théâtre
to go to Claude's → aller chez Claude
to go to the doctor's → aller chez le docteur
the road to Edinburgh → la route d'Édimbourg
the train to London → le train de Londres
(= as far as) → jusqu'à, à
from nine o'clock to half past three → de neuf heures à trois heures et demie, de neuf heures jusqu'à trois heures et demie
from 40 to 50 people → de 40 à 50 personnes
to count to 10 → compter jusqu'à 10
from nine o'clock to half past three → de neuf heures à trois heures et demie, de neuf heures jusqu'à trois heures et demie
from 40 to 50 people → de 40 à 50 personnes
to count to 10 → compter jusqu'à 10
(with expressions of time) a quarter to 5 → 5 heures moins le quart
it's twenty to 3 → il est 3 heures moins vingt
it's twenty to 3 → il est 3 heures moins vingt
(= for) → à
a letter to his wife → une lettre à sa femme
the answer to the question → la réponse à la question
a letter to his wife → une lettre à sa femme
the answer to the question → la réponse à la question
(expressing indirect object) → à
We said goodbye to the neighbours → Nous avons dit au revoir aux voisins.
to give sth to sb → donner qch à qn
to talk to sb → parler à qn
it belongs to him → cela lui appartient, c'est à lui
We said goodbye to the neighbours → Nous avons dit au revoir aux voisins.
to give sth to sb → donner qch à qn
to talk to sb → parler à qn
it belongs to him → cela lui appartient, c'est à lui
(in ratios, scores) → à
3 goals to 2 → 3 buts à 2
30 miles to the gallon → 9,4 litres aux cent kilomètres
3 goals to 2 → 3 buts à 2
30 miles to the gallon → 9,4 litres aux cent kilomètres
particle
(following another verb) to want to do sth → vouloir faire qch
to try to do sth → essayer de faire qch
to start to do sth → commencer à faire qch
to try to do sth → essayer de faire qch
to start to do sth → commencer à faire qch
(with verb omitted) I don't want to → je ne veux pas
(equivalent to relative clause) I have things to do → j'ai des choses à faire
the main thing is to try → l'important est d'essayer
something to drink → quelque chose à boire
the main thing is to try → l'important est d'essayer
something to drink → quelque chose à boire
(after adjective) ready to go → prêt(e) à partir
ready to eat → prêt à manger
it's easy to do → c'est facile à faire
it's easy to criticize → c'est facile de critiquer
his name is difficult to say → son nom est difficile à prononcer
too old to do sth → trop vieux* pour faire qch(vieille)
She's too young to go to school → Elle est trop jeune pour aller à l'école.
ready to eat → prêt à manger
it's easy to do → c'est facile à faire
it's easy to criticize → c'est facile de critiquer
his name is difficult to say → son nom est difficile à prononcer
too old to do sth → trop vieux* pour faire qch(vieille)
She's too young to go to school → Elle est trop jeune pour aller à l'école.
to
PREPOSITION
= in direction of, towards → zu; to go to the station → zum Bahnhof gehen; to go to the doctor(’s)/greengrocer’s etc → zum Arzt/Gemüsehändler etc gehen; to go to the opera/concert etc → in die Oper/ins Konzert etc gehen; to go to France/London → nach Frankreich/London fahren; to go to Switzerland → in die Schweiz fahren; to go to school → zur Schule or in die Schule gehen; to go to bed → ins or zu Bett gehen; to the left → nach links; to the west → nach Westen; he came up to where I was standing → er kam dahin or zu der Stelle, wo ich stand; to fall to the ground → auf den Boden or zu Boden fallen; to turn a picture/one’s face to the wall → ein Bild/sich mit dem Gesicht zur Wand drehen; hold it up to the light → halte es gegen das Licht
= as far as, until → bis; to count (up) to 20 → bis 20 zählen; there were (from) 40 to 60 people → es waren 40 bis 60 Leute da; it’s 90 kms to Paris → nach Paris sind es 90 km; it’s correct to a millimetre → es stimmt bis auf den Millimeter; 8 years ago to the day → auf den Tag genau vor 8 Jahren; to this day → bis auf den heutigen Tag; they perished to a man → sie kamen alle bis auf den letzten Mann ums Leben
= secure to he nailed it to the wall/floor etc → er nagelte es an die Wand/auf den Boden etc; they tied him to the tree → sie banden ihn am Baum fest; they held him to the ground → sie hielten ihn am Boden
with indirect object to give something to somebody → jdm etw geben; a present from me to you → ein Geschenk für dich von mir or von mir an dich; who did you give it to? → wem haben Sie es gegeben?; I said to myself … → ich habe mir gesagt …; he was muttering/singing to himself → er murmelte/sang vor sich hin; what is it to you? → was geht dich das an?; he is kind to everyone → er ist zu allen freundlich; it’s a great help to me → das ist eine große Hilfe für mich; he has been a good friend to us → er war uns (dat) → ein guter Freund; “To … ” (on envelope etc) → „An (+acc) → …“; to pray to God → zu Gott beten
in toasts → auf (+acc); to drink to somebody → jdm zutrinken; to drink to somebody’s health → auf jds Wohl (acc) → trinken
= next to with position bumper to bumper → Stoßstange an Stoßstange; close to somebody/something → nahe bei jdm/etw; at right angles to the wall → im rechten Winkel zur Wand; parallel to the wall → parallel zur Wand; to the west (of)/the left (of) → westlich/links (von)
with expressions of time → vor; 20 (minutes) to 2 → 20 (Minuten) vor 2; at (a) quarter to 2 → um Viertel vor 2; 25 to 3 → 5 (Minuten) nach halb 3; it was five to when we arrived → es war fünf vor, als wir ankamen
= in relation to → zu; A is to B as C is to D → A verhält sich zu B wie C zu D; by a majority of 10 to 7 → mit einer Mehrheit von 10 zu 7; they won by 4 goals to 2 → sie haben mit 4:2 (spoken: vier zu zwei) Toren gewonnen
= concerning what do you say to the idea? → was hältst du von der Idee?; what would you say to a beer? → was hältst du von einem Bier?; there’s nothing to it (= it’s very easy) → es ist nichts dabei; that’s all there is to it → das ist alles; to repairing television £30 (Comm) → (für) Reparatur eines Fernsehers £ 30
= according to to the best of my knowledge → nach bestem Wissen; it’s not to my taste → das ist nicht nach meinem Geschmack
= accompanied by to sing to the guitar → zur Gitarre singen; to sing something to the tune of … → etw nach der Melodie von … singen; to dance to a tune/a band → zu einer Melodie/den Klängen or der Musik eines Orchesters tanzen
= of ambassador to America/the King of France → Botschafter in Amerika/am Hofe des Königs von Frankreich; secretary to the director → Sekretärin des Direktors
infinitive to begin to do something → anfangen, etw zu tun; he decided to come → er beschloss zu kommen; I want to do it → ich will es tun; I want him to do it → ich will, dass er es tut
conditional use of infinitive to see him now, one would never think … → wenn man ihn jetzt sieht, würde man nicht glauben, …
infinitive expressing purpose, result to eat/work to live → essen/arbeiten, um zu leben; I did it to help you → ich tat es, um dir zu helfen; to get to the point, … → um zur Sache zu kommen, …; well, not to exaggerate … → ohne zu übertreiben, …; I arrived to find she had gone → als ich ankam, war sie weg; never to be found again → und wurde nie wiedergefunden
omitting verb I don’t want to → ich will nicht; I’ll try to → ich werde es versuchen; you have to → du musst; I’d love to → sehr gerne; we didn’t want to but we were forced to → wir wollten nicht, aber wir waren dazu gezwungen; I intended to (do it), but I forgot (to) → ich wollte es tun, aber ich habe es vergessen; buy it, it would be silly not to → kaufe es, es wäre dumm, es nicht zu tun; he often does things one doesn’t expect him to → er macht oft Dinge, die man nicht von ihm erwartet
set structures
? noun/pronoun + to + infinitive he is not the sort to do that → er ist nicht der Typ, der das täte, er ist nicht der Typ dazu; I have done nothing to deserve this → ich habe nichts getan, womit ich das verdient hätte; there’s no-one to help us → es ist niemand da, der uns helfen könnte; who is he to order you around? → wer ist er denn, dass er dich so herumkommandiert?; he was the first to arrive → er kam als Erster an, er war der Erste, der ankam; who was the last to see her? → wer hat sie zuletzt gesehen?; there is much to be done → es gibt viel zu tun; what is there to do here? → was gibt es hier zu tun?; now is the time to do it → jetzt ist die (beste) Zeit, es zu tun; the book is still to be written → das Buch muss noch geschrieben werden
? adjective + to + infinitive to be ready to do something (= willing) → bereit sein, etw zu tun; are you ready to go at last? → bist du endlich fertig?; it’s hard to understand → es ist schwer zu verstehen; it’s impossible to believe → das kann man einfach nicht glauben; you are foolish to try it → du bist dumm, das überhaupt zu versuchen; is it good to eat? → schmeckt es gut?; it’s too heavy to lift → es ist zu schwer zum Heben; too young to marry → zu jung zum Heiraten; he’s too old to be still in short trousers → er ist schon so alt und trägt noch kurze Hosen
? noun/pronoun + to + infinitive he is not the sort to do that → er ist nicht der Typ, der das täte, er ist nicht der Typ dazu; I have done nothing to deserve this → ich habe nichts getan, womit ich das verdient hätte; there’s no-one to help us → es ist niemand da, der uns helfen könnte; who is he to order you around? → wer ist er denn, dass er dich so herumkommandiert?; he was the first to arrive → er kam als Erster an, er war der Erste, der ankam; who was the last to see her? → wer hat sie zuletzt gesehen?; there is much to be done → es gibt viel zu tun; what is there to do here? → was gibt es hier zu tun?; now is the time to do it → jetzt ist die (beste) Zeit, es zu tun; the book is still to be written → das Buch muss noch geschrieben werden
? adjective + to + infinitive to be ready to do something (= willing) → bereit sein, etw zu tun; are you ready to go at last? → bist du endlich fertig?; it’s hard to understand → es ist schwer zu verstehen; it’s impossible to believe → das kann man einfach nicht glauben; you are foolish to try it → du bist dumm, das überhaupt zu versuchen; is it good to eat? → schmeckt es gut?; it’s too heavy to lift → es ist zu schwer zum Heben; too young to marry → zu jung zum Heiraten; he’s too old to be still in short trousers → er ist schon so alt und trägt noch kurze Hosen
prep to [tə, tu]
1 towards; in the direction of I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play. na إلى، نَحْوَ към k, na, do til; ned på zu, auf προς, σε a, hacia (-le, -ni, -sse) به سوی luokse, kohti, päin à, vers ל- की ओर prema, k -hoz, -hez, -höz; -ra, -re ke til, á verso, in, a ～へ (~)으로 į, ant uz ke naar til, mot, på do, na a la, pe, spre к; на; в k, na, do proti, na na till ไปถึง ...-e/a (doğru) 向，往 до, у, в, на کو، جانب về phía 向，往
2 as far as His story is a lie from beginning to end. tot من البِدايَه إلى النِّهايَه до až do til bis ως a, hasta kuni تا saakka jusqu'à עַַד तक do, sve do -ig sampai til a ～まで (~)한 iki līdz hingga tot til do a până la до až do do do till ไปยัง ...-e/a kadar 到 до تک đến chừng 到
3 until Did you stay to the end of the concert? tot حَتّى до až do indtil bis μέχρι hasta kuni تا asti jusqu'à עַד को do -ig hingga til, þar til fino a ～まで 까지 iki līdz sehingga tot til (aż) do até până la до až do do do till จนถึง ...e/a kadar (表示時間)直至 до تا آں کہ tới khi （表示时间）直至
4 sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to. aan لِ، إلى до s(e) til zu, mit σε, με con, a (kellelegi) با؛ برای (jhnk kohdistumisesta) à ל- की k, ka -hoz, -hez, -höz kepada til, við a ～へ 에게 (izsaka darbības vārda un papildinātāja sakarību) kepada naar, tegen til, med do, z para/com, etc. la; cu с s, so ka med ให้ ...-e/...-a 用於非及物動詞之後 вказує на особу, в інтересах якої або відносно якої щось здійснюється; передається давальним відмінком کبھي کبھي مفعول کو بتلانے کے ليے استعمال کيا جاتا ہے dùng cho bổ ngữ gián tiếp 用于非及物动词之后
5 used in expressing various relations Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar. met, met begeleiding van تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن العُلاقَه на na, k, s, při på; til zu, für σε, για a, para (väljendab mingit seost) به (suhdetta ilmaisemassa) à; de ל- से na, za -nak, -nek; -ra, -re kepada á, að a, per ～に関して (관계) 에 대한(해) (norāda dažādas attiecības) (not translated) naar, op, van på, til do, na a/para (de) la на; к; от; под na, k uz till, på ถูกใช้แสดงอารมณ์ของความสัมพันธ์ที่หลากลาย ...-e/...-a 表示各種關系 передається давальним або родовим відмінком і вказує на стосунки تعلق کو بتلانے کے ليے diễn tả các mối quan hệ 表示各种关系
6 into a particular state or condition She tore the letter to pieces. in تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن حالَه مُعَيَّنَه на na i in σε en (-ks) به؛ به حالت (jksk tulemisesta, jtk kohti kehittymisestä) en ל- के मुकाबले में na, u (vmilyen állapotba hoz:) darabokra ... menjadi í in ～の状態に (상태, ~)으로 į (norāda stāvokli) menjadi in i na em în на na na u i กลายเป็นสถานการณ์หรือสภาวะซึ่งจำเพาะเจาะจง ...-e/...-a 表示進入某種特殊狀態或條件 вказує на результат, до якого призводить певна дія, або на зміну стану خاص حالت کو بتلانے کے ليے thành 表示进入某种特殊状态或条件
7 used in expressing comparison or proportion He's junior to me; Your skill is superior to mine; We won the match by 5 goals to 2. teenoor تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن مُقارَنَه أو نِسْبَه от než, ku i forhold til; mod gegenüber, zu από, σε σχέση, σε σύγκριση με a (väljendab võrdlust, suhet) به؛ از (vertailtaessa) que; à יָחַסִית ל- में od, prema vmihez képest; 5-2-re (győz stb.) lawan miðað við; á móti a ～と比べて (비교, 대비, ~) 비하여, 대비하여 už, palyginti su, su (izsaka salīdzinājumu) berbanding; lawan dan, tegen sammenliknet med; til, mot od, do, w stosunku do a decât; la к od, odo; k, ku od; proti u odnosu na mot, el. utan motsv. i sv.: hon är yngre än jag, din skicklighet är överlägsen min กว่า ...-e/...-a 表示比較 вказує на порівняння, числове співвідношення або пропорцію مقابلہ کو بتلانے کے ليے đối với 表示比较
8 showing the purpose or result of an action etc He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket. tot تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن الهَدَف أو نَتيجَة العَمَل за k til zu προς en; para (väljendab eesmärki, tulemust) به؛ به جهت (toimenpiteen jne. seurausta tai tarkoitusta ilmaisemassa) à ל- से मिला कर u, na (cselekvés célja, következménye:) segítségemre; rémületemre untuk til in, con ～のために (목적, 의도, ~을) 위하여 (norāda darbības mērķi vai rezultātu) (not translated) tot til ku, na para spre на; к k po; na na till เพื่อ amacıyla, sonucunda 表示目的或結果 вказує на мету дії або її результат کسي عمل کا مقصد يا نتيجہ بتلانے کے ليے dùng đối với mục đích hoặc kết quả hành động 表示目的或结果
9 tə used before an infinitive eg after various verbs and adjectives, or in other constructions I want to go!; He asked me to come; He worked hard to (= in order to) earn a lot of money; These buildings were designed to (= so as to) resist earthquakes; She opened her eyes to find him standing beside her; I arrived too late to see him. om تُسْتَعْمَل قَبل صيغَة المَصْدَر употребав инифинитивни конструкции aby at; om at; for at; til at zu, um zu (για) να (πριν από απαρέμφ.) para (kasut. infinitiivi ees), et برای؛ به منظور (ennen infinitiiviä eri lauserakenteissa) de; pour תַחֲלִיף לִמקוֹר הַפוֹעַל के प्रति da (az„infinitive”, a főnévi igenév kifejezése:) -ni untuk um, til að di, per 不定詞に (부정사와 함께 명사적, 형용사적 용법으로 사용 됨, ~) 하도록 (darbības vārda nenoteiksmes partikula) (not translated) om te for å (kunne) ażeby, by para (pentru) a/(ca) să употребляется перед инфинитивом aby da da att, för att ถูกใช้ก่อนกริยาช่องที่ 1 แต่หลังกริยาบางชนิดและคำคุณศัพท์ หรือถูกใช้ในโครงสร้างอื่น ๆ amacıyla, ...-mek/-mak için (在動詞及形容詞後)構成動詞不定式 вживається перед інфінітивом صیغۂ مصدر سے پہلے để （在动词及形容词后）构成动词不定式
10 used instead of a complete infinitive He asked her to stay but she didn't want to. تُسْتَعْمَل بدلا من المَصْدَر zu (hacerlo) (infinitiiviä muodostettaessa) “to” est utilisé en lieu et place de l'infinitif dans son entier pour ne pas répéter le verbe - Il lui demanda de rester mais elle ne le voulut pas usato in sostituzione di un verbo sottinteso all'infinito) 代不定詞 (to 부정사 대신 사용, ~) 하도록 (darbības vārda nenoteiksmes partikula) het fazê-lo să используется вместо опущенного инфинитива det Not: Fiilin mastar hali yerine kullanılır. 用於代替不定式完成時 用于代替不定式完成时
[tuː] adv
1 into a closed or almost closed position He pulled/pushed the door to. amper toe الى حالَة الإقْفال докрай do (téměř) zavřené polohy i zu ώστε κτ. να κλείσει hasta cerrar kinni در جهت بسته شدن kiinni de; fermer לְ/בְ מַצָב שֶׁל סְגִירָה बंद या रुकी अवस्था में pritvoren (az ige elhagyása a to +„infinitive” szerkezetből) menutup aftur chiuso 閉じて (폐쇄, 거의 폐쇄) 되도록 pri(verti) klāt; ciet tertutup rapat dicht igjen do zamknięcia até fechar închis закрывать privrieť, zavrieť v (skoraj) zaprtem stanju zatvoriti [] till ถึง kapalı duruma 關上 вказує на близькість کي طرف đóng kín 关上
2 used in phrasal verbs and compounds He came to (= regained consciousness). by تُسْتَعْمَل في الأفعال العِباريَّه والمُرَكَّبَه употреба при фразеологични глаголи k sobě til zu sich, dran a (esineb väljendites) به عنوان جزئی از فعل بکار می رود (eri rakenteissa) à לְצֵירוּפֵי מִילִים k sebi magához tért; nekiláttak stb. menjadi, mulai að verki rinvenire; cominciare 成句に (동사구, 복합어에 사용) 의식이 들다 ķerties klāt sedar bij, aan til (bevissthet), (sette) i gang aos sentidos, ao trabalho, etc. используется в идиоматических выражениях (Он пришёл в себя) k sebe svest [] till, [] i gång ถูกใช้ในกริยาลีและคำประสม ayılmak, kendine gelmek 用於動詞短語和複合詞 вживається у фразових дієсловах شبہ جملہ اور مرکب ميں استعمال کے ليے dùng trong cụm động từ 用于动词短语和复合词
to and fro [tuːənˈfrou]
backwards and forwards they ran to and fro in the street. heen en weer جيئَةً وذهاباً напред-назад sem a tam frem og tilbage hin und her πέρα δώθε de un lado al otro, yendo y viniendo, en un vaivén edasi-tagasi جلو و عقب edestakaisin de long en large הֵנָה וָהֵנָה इधर-उधर amo-tamo, gore-dolje ide-oda hilir-mudik til og frá (avanti e indietro), (su e giù) 行ったり来たり 이리저리 움직이는, 이리저리 움직임 pirmyn ir atgal šurpu turpu; uz priekšu un atpakaļ ke depan ke belakang heen en weer att og fram, fram og tilbake tam i z powrotem para trás e para a frente încolo şi încoace взад и вперёд sem a tam sem in tja napred-nazad fram och tillbaka กลับไปกลับมา öteye beriye, ileri geri 來回地 взад-вперед آگے پيچھے đi lùi và tiến 来回地
to → إلى do til zu προς a pour prema a ･･･に …으로 naar til do para к till ไปถึง oraya, orada tới 到
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