A Cathar sect in southern France professing Manichaean dualism (good and evil of equal power, therefore denying God’s supremacy over Satan). They were savagely suppressed 1209–44.
Erin Menut has observed that "with its running references to Dante and Petrarch, and currents of biblical allusion, 'Monna Innominata' is the palimpsestic text par excellence." (15) Rossetti's prefatory note to her "sonnet of sonnets" calls attention to the range of its intertextual engagements; it also specifies a dramatic speaker distinct from the poet herself: "[I]n that land and that period which gave simultaneous birth to Catholics, to Albigenses, and to Troubadours, one can imagine many a lady as sharing her lover's poetic aptitude....
Dominic, the reputed founder of the Inquisition, who used all his influence to prevent the employment of force against the Albigenses, among whom he was sent to labor as a missionary; so held the illustrious St.
Albigenses o cataros y valdenses, por decir los mas cercanos en tiempo al encuentro del cuarto continente que rompe con la Santisima Trinidad, seran los conejillos de europa.
(3) Let your generous sympathies go with the loser--with Pompey as against Caesar; with Anthony as against Octavian; with Romulus Augustulus as against Odoacer; with the Albigenses as against the Catholics; with Charles as against Cromwell; with Napoleon as against the Holy Alliance; with Lee as against Grant; with the Second Empire as against the big battalions; with the South always as against the North--and even with Carpentier as against Dempsey.
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