After beginning his early theological life as a Christian by attacking
Brahmoism, neo-Vedanta, the Arya Samaj, Theosophy, and ideas of karma, rebirth, and polytheism, after 1897 he made an abrupt change and began to use the very concepts which he had just repudiated, but in the service of Christian teaching: Advaita Vedanta became a bridge on which he hoped to help Hindus make the journey to Catholic faith.