He had compulsorily fought a number of battles; he had also deliberately chosen some battles to fight while in the face of imminent defeats in some other battles, he had beaten tactical retreats; and, perhaps guided on those occasions by the eternal words of Demosthenes, an epic Greek orator, after the Battle of
Chaeronea in 338 BC where, according to notes, he deserted, to wit: 'For he that fights and runs away, may live to fight another day.'
Among their topics are of philosophers and kings: concerning Philip II of Macedon's alleged "debt" to Plato, Cleomenes of Naucratis in pseudo-Aristotle's Oeconomica and the topoi of the ancient Egyptian propaganda, in search of the many images of Alexander at
Chaeronea: historical and literary traditions in Plutarch's Corpus, the miracles of water and oil in the historiography on Alexander, and Alexander and Caligula in the Jerusalem Temple: a case of conflated traditions.
In his dialogue Non posse suaviter vivi secundum Epicurum, Plutarch of
Chaeronea criticizes Epicurus for not believing that the gods are provident over human affairs and for not believing that our souls survive death.
(45) Athens lost its independence in 338 when Philip defeated a large force that included Athenians at the Battle of
Chaeronea in Boeotia, and a warrant was issued for Demosthenes' arrest.
(17) The Hues of the noble Grecians and Romanes, compared together by that graue learned philosopher and historiographer, Plutarke of
Chaeronea, trans.
Philip, through his victory at
Chaeronea, had secured control over Thebes and Athens.
WE EXTOL PLUTARCH OF
CHAERONEA AS the most high minded of biographers.
The Thebans and Athenians, through the single military disaster at
Chaeronea (338 B.C.H.), lost both the leadership of Greece and their freedom.
His descriptions of battles, especially
Chaeronea, which is by far Philip's most famous victory, are as complete as possible.
The amorous glances and insinuating dialogue between Alexander and these two female characters, in
Chaeronea and Athens respectively, leave no doubts about his sexual preferences.
In 1893 Ives founded a secret society, The Order of
Chaeronea, to advance the "Cause"--a forerunner of the Mattachine Society.