Individual triglyceride-rich lipoproteins,
chylomicron remnants, intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), or particles of differing size and composition may be more closely related to CHD.
As a single-chain polypeptide, ApoAI is synthesized in the liver and intestinal mucosa, mainly existing in HDL and being negatively correlated with AS.12-14 ApoB mainly exists in LDL and
chylomicron, which reflects the number of LDL particles.15,16 Increase of ApoB is an important risk factor for AS.14 As a polymorphic protein, ApoE is the ligand of LDL receptor and that of
chylomicron particle receptor in hepatocytes.
LRP1 is highly expressed in hepatocytes where it functions to mediate the endocytosis and degradation of
chylomicron remnants as well as VLDL, [[alpha].sub.2]M-proteinase complexes, serpin-enzyme complexes, and blood coagulation factor VIII (reviewed in [10]).
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a central enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of triglycerides in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) and
chylomicrons producing intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDLs) and
chylomicron remnants, respectively (Li et al., 2014).
A more recent study showed that n-3 fatty acids decreased postprandial apolipoprotein B-48 concentrations by 22% suggesting that the reduction in postprandial lipemia with n-3 fatty acids are also related to improvements in
chylomicron metabolism [28].
Effect of Atorvastitin on
chylomicron remnant metabolism in visceral obesity: a study employing a new stable isotope breath test.
Enterocytes edit the mRNA for apoB at 48% of the length to produce [apoB.sub.48] for the assembly of the
chylomicron (CM).
Inappropriate attention was given to the hypercholesterolaemia, and the disproportionate rise in triglyceride concentration was not recognised as the clue to elevated
chylomicron concentration.
Non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is defined as the difference between total and HDL cholesterol and includes potential proatherogenic apolipoprotein B-containing particles such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein as well as
chylomicron remnants and lipoprotein (a) (1).
Other atherogenic lipoprotein particles, including
chylomicron and VLDL remnants, abnormal remnant composition, and increased apolipoprotein C-III complicate the metabolic syndrome picture as well, said Dr.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate effects of chronic black tea consumption on concentrations of
chylomicrons and
chylomicron remnants using plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B-48 as a marker.