"Air's a perfectly
elastic fluid," roars George above the tumult.
Marcet's terms, such as "elemental bodies," "constituent parts" and "
elastic fluids" (gases) sound odd today, but she did use them very effectively to explain the phenomena she explored with her two curious students.
Two-dimensional (2-D) flow of elastic fluids in a steady lid-driven cavity was studied by Pakdel et al.
They also found that the torsionally driven cavity is a suitable geometry for testing the ability of non-Newtonian constitutive models to describe the behavior of elastic fluids in 3-D flows.
Static numerical simulations (water-based fluid flowing around an immobile oil droplet) showed that additional forces are present in the case of
elastic fluids. Dynamic simulations revealed striking differences in the behavior of elastic and inelastic fluids; oil droplets underwent deformation over time when inelastic fluids were injected, but the droplet did not deform in the presence of
elastic fluids [21].
The model of [v.sub.t] by (17) and (19) satisfies the following two assumptions: first, very small-scale eddies are damped by the elastic behavior of the fluid and thereby the eddy viscosity decreases ([v.sub.t] [right arrow] 0 when [t.sub.[eta]] << [lambda]); secondly, the eddy viscosity for less
elastic fluid is close to be that for the Newtonian case ([v.sub.t] [right arrow] (2) when [t.sub.[eta]] >> [lambda]).