Supreme Court, we held that 11 majority-minority Virginia House of Delegates districts were racial gerrymanders in violation of the
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Constitution's
Equal Protection Clause to make claims against school administrators who fail to take action against student-on-student sexual harassment.
"Thus, it does not violate the
equal protection clause as it applies to all those belonging in the class so distinguished," noted Farinas, who heads the House panel in the Bicam.
Regarding race and the
equal protection clause, Scalia's combination of text and tradition culminates in a simple rule: no governmental use of racial classifications except in extraordinary circumstances.
It said that violated the
Equal Protection Clause, that the Legislature failed to provide a rational basis that the law would address the crisis it said existed in medical malpractice rates, and that conditions had changed and the crisis no longer existed.
grounds that it violated the
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth
State Superior Court Judge Rolf M.Treu ruled that such policies do indeed "cause the potential and/or unreasonable exposure of grossly ineffective teachers to all California students," and "to minority and/or low income students in particular, in violation of the
equal protection clause of the California constitution." The judge estimated that 2,750 to 8,250 inferior teachers are active in California now, and he wrote that they "can cause over a million in lifetime earning losses for students, and cost them 9 months of learning per year compared to students with even average teachers."
Matawan-Aberdeen Regional School District case was filed in the Superior Court of New Jersey for Monmouth County and rests entirely on provisions in the New Jersey Constitution, including its
Equal Protection Clause.
Every other case has challenged it under the Federal Established Clause, except for one, brought by the Freedom From Religion Foundation in 2010 under both the Established Clause and the federal
Equal Protection Clause. Significantly, the Massachusetts ERA is more demanding than the federal
Equal Protection Clause, at least with respect to religious discrimination.
The second volume, The Bill of Rights and Subsequent Amendments, contains cases and description of rights under the Constitution; freedom of speech, press, association, and religion; criminal procedure; the
Equal Protection Clause and racial discrimination; substantive equal protection; voting and representation; and the right to privacy.
But Santiago said she will urge the Supreme Court to look into the DAP disbursements because it violates the
equal protection clause which is the cornerstone of all human rights.
University of Texas, will decide whether racial classifications intended to promote student diversity are consistent with the
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.