Such neo-Darwinian iterations of vitalism, as well as of
Lamarckism, were often, then, theories of orthogenesis: theories that held that evolution, arrowlike, moves toward a particular endpoint because of internal forces rather than the adaptive value of happenstance variations.
(32) On Whitman's interest in evolutionary theory, and especially
Lamarckism, see James T.
In the 20th century, Trofim Denisovitch Lysenko (1898-1976) revived the
Lamarckism to the Lysenkoism school of genetics, proclaiming that the new characteristics acquired by parents will be passed on to the offspring [20].
Key words: change and cultural evolution, Darwinism, essentialism,
Lamarckism, typologies.
The question of whether natural selection can account for the existence of altruism and social cohesion produced two ideological formations: one that embraced the social stasis invoked by Malthus, and the other a radical, progressive, anti-Malthusian politics that originates in Lamarck and Darwin's own
Lamarckism. The opposition is between those who would interpret Darwin through the lens of Malthus and those who would have Darwin without Malthus.
Warner 2008: 50), this being an application in literature of the major principle of
lamarckism: the evolutionary theory stating that the function creates the organ and not vice versa.
From
Lamarckism to classical natural selection to Darwinism to the Modern Synthesis, evolution theory, well, evolves.
Claviceps purpurea, Mus rattus, parthenogenesis and
Lamarckism have been misspelt in the text and names too suffer (Jokichi Takamine, Georges Cuvier, even Brown-Sequard).
However, for Bowler, the chief candidate in a non-Darwinian world is
Lamarckism.
She highlights intentionality and
Lamarckism as one of the three problems the detractors of the meme theories have pointed to: "we cannot specify the unit of a meme, we don't know the mechanism for copying and storing memes, memetic evolution is 'Lamarckian'" (Blackmore, 1999, p.