Li·vo·ni·a

(lĭ-vō′nē-ə, -vōn′yə)

A region of north-central Europe in southern Estonia and northern Latvia. Originally settled by the Livs, a Finnic people, the area was conquered in the 1200s by German knights, the Livonian Brothers of the Sword. After the dissolution of the order (1561), Livonia was contested by Poland, Russia, and Sweden, finally becoming a Russian province in 1783. In 1918 Livonia was divided between Estonia and Latvia.

Li·vo′ni·an n. & adj.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Livonian

(lɪˈvəʊnɪən)

adj

(Placename) of or relating to Livonia, a former Russian Baltic province, or its inhabitants

(Placename) a native or inhabitant of Livonia

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun	1.	Livonian - a member of the Livonian-speaking people of Latvia Latvian - a native or inhabitant of Latvia
	2.	Livonian - the Finnic language spoken by the people of Livonia in Estonia and Latvia Baltic-Finnic - a group of Finnic languages including Finnish and Estonian

Translations

livonio

liivi

livonien

lív

livonelivonio

livoniano livóniolivônio

ливский

Mentioned in

References in classic literature

At first it seemed strange that the son of an obscure Livonian gentleman should propose marriage to a Countess Rostova; but Berg's chief characteristic was such a naive and good natured egotism that the Rostovs involuntarily came to think it would be a good thing, since he himself was so firmly convinced that it was good, indeed excellent.

View in context

Minister of Culture Tonis Lukas, Estonian ambassador to Latvia Arti Hilpus and Margus Kasterpalu, adviser to the minister of culture, to take part in days of Livonian culture in Mazirbe.

Calendar of main political events in Latvia and Estonia next week

Livonian and dialectal Estonian data show that Proto-Finnic *lintu was originally polysemous 'bird, flying insect, wild animal'.

VOTIC AND INGRIAN CORE LEXICON IN THE FINNIC CONTEXT: SWADESH LISTS OF FIVE RELATED VARIETIES

Already Garlieb Merkel wrote about this in the late 18th century, he claimed that "slave tremulousness and distrustfulness --these are the most notable character traits of a Livonian peasant" (Merkelis 25).

Latvia in Russian Literature (1901-1940)

Whereas he descended from a family of civil servants and lawyers, his wife, Eleonore Girgensohn, was born into a prominent Livonian family of pastors.

Nationally Indifferent or Ardent Nationalists? On the Options for Being German in Russia's Baltic Provinces, 1905-17

3000 BC-539 BC) Latvia Medieval Livonia (Bishoprics, archbishopric of Livonia, Livonian Order, Munici-pal City of Riga) (thirteenth century-sixteenth century) Lebanon Phoenicia (c.

Comparative Economics in Historical Perspective: Presidential Address for the 2018 Association for Comparative Economic Studies Meetings

This region represents the main areas of the Estonian and Lithuanian shelves separated by the Livonian Basin (Fig.

Diversity and biostratigraphic utility of Ordovician brachiopods in the East Baltic

They also contributed to the secularisation of Prussia and the demise of the age-old dominions of German and Livonian knights.

The First Century OF THE REFORMATION IN THE CZECH LANDS

Their topics include the history of the Franconian tone contrast, grounding Nguni depressor effects, Livonian stod, and synchronic alterations between monophthongs and diphthongs in Franconian tone accent dialects: a metrical approach.

Segmental Structure and Tone

Jelgava is a city that's witnessed devastation upon devastation as wars including the Livonian War, the First World War and the Second World War ravaged through the city to the astonishment of its inhabitants.

Jelgava: one visit and you'll be hooked forever

He also presided over Russia's defeat in the Livonian War, and his misrule contributed to the Time of Troubles and the state's devastating depopulation.

Why is Russia resurrecting Ivan the Terrible?