Consequently, it diminishes their reciprocal interaction with the local masses, which has prevented them from becoming
Makassarese in terms of their titles, language, marriage policies, and kinship system (p.
However, guli 'rudder' also occurs in Yolngu languages on the Arnhem Land coast, and (an-)goli in neighbouring Burarra, where they are thought to be among the many ISEA loans acquired on this coast through past annual contact with
Makassarese and Buginese trepangers, both of whose languages have guli[eta] 'rudder' (Alpher 2017:133).
(7) Christian Pelras, "Patron-Client Ties among the Bugis and
Makassarese of South Sulawesi", Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde 156, no.
This ethnic group was born from the combination of various groups such as Sundanese, Malay, Javanese, Arab, Balinese, Bugis,
Makassarese, Ambonese, and Chinese.
Early studies on Tamanic (von Kessel 1850) made note of similarities between these languages and
Makassarese (of the South Sulawesi subgroup) and Hudson (1978) classified Tamanic as Exo-Bornean, indicating that it is not closely related to any Bornean language.