Such neo-Darwinian iterations of vitalism, as well as of Lamarckism, were often, then, theories of
orthogenesis: theories that held that evolution, arrowlike, moves toward a particular endpoint because of internal forces rather than the adaptive value of happenstance variations.
Prior to forming OrthoPediatrics, he spent seven years with DePuy Orthopaedics, a Johnson & Johnson company where he was responsible for healthcare compliance administration, medical affairs, and
Orthogenesis (custom devices).
This use of the concept of construction is most congenial to a developmental analysis of origins of psychological structures, especially those organized around the concepts of epigenesis (Gottlieb & Lickliter, 2007) and
orthogenesis (Werner & Kaplan, 1984).
Purpose in evolution would have received more attention, with, perhaps, more emphasis on
orthogenesis (an innate drive for linear complexification).
As a guiding principle, Werner took the embryogenetic principle of
orthogenesis and translated it to mental development.
neo-Darwinism,
orthogenesis, and neo-Lamarckism to address the
On
orthogenesis and the impotence of natural selection in species-formation.
We are very excited about our results because this would be the first example of degenerate
orthogenesis occurring at a cellular level," he said.
A survey of early-20th-century evolutionists would find significant support for at least four different theories of organic variation: Lamarckism, which relies on the heritability of acquired characteristics;
orthogenesis, which posits internal developmental forces within living things; gross mutation, in which new species are created in a single leap without an incremental process of natural selection; and hybrid crossing, in which existing gene-based traits flow from one species to another.
Enlightened by these criteria, there is nothing inherently threatening to the natural selection theory in the work of physicist Ilya Prigogine and his colleagues on what might be called '
orthogenesis through fluctuations' (Corning, 1995).
Peter Bowler describes the "non-Darwinian revolution" of the fin-de-siecle, which accepted the basic idea of transmutation of species but substituted for the mechanism of natural selection a whole host of alternatives:
orthogenesis, neo-Lamarckism, saltationism and others.
Those adhering to these theories claimed that
orthogenesis better fit the actual evidence from the fossil record.