Instead of collecting numerical responses using a survey questionnaire, Fong collected descriptions of intercultural encounters where participants were given compliments by a European American person that include both verbal exchange and nonverbal expressions, such as
paralanguage, emotions, as well as facial expressions and kinesics.
Firstly, we will have a look at the
paralanguage used by the husband in his six pronunciations of his wife's name, analyzing the meanings behind them, i.e.
(106) Judges and juries may test apologetic words against
paralanguage (tone of voice) and demeanor evidence.
Nonverbal behaviors can include eye behavior, facial expressions, posture, body language, gestures, proxemics, touch,
paralanguage, and silence (Renz & Greg, 2000).
The two other important ones are
paralanguage, and that's how you're delivering the words, so tone of voice, and the really big one is kinesics, and that has to do with action-based, nonverbal communication.
This is for complementarity, hence, the speech and
paralanguage used for peace building during the 2015 elections were described.
Thus, the video without music maintains the singing voice and the
paralanguage of the performer who appears on the screen, the sound of the musical instruments, and the diegetic sounds of the actions represented in the image.
In retrospect, I would have wanted the students to reflect more on the cultural contexts of profanities: why people swear, how people swear (complete with
paralanguage, which means volume, tone and other qualities of speech).
Drama demands listening to tone and observing non-verbal signals (
paralanguage) so as to read and respond to subtexts accurately and effectively.
"This produces a type of stylised "
paralanguage" without a rational-logical communication of meaning, but charged with monumental original effects in the manner of a myth." (5)
Paralanguage The use of voice tone, loudness, intonations, speech rate, pitch, etc.