Life-form: CAM - chamephyte; EPF - epiphyte; FAN -
phanerophyte; GEO - geophyte; HEM - hemicryptophyte; HEP - hemiepiphyte; TER - terophyte.
All taxa belonging to
phanerophyte and nano-phanerophyte life- forms sensu Raunkiaer (Pignatti, 1982) were considered, including some taxa being
phanerophytes or nano-phanerophytes only secondarily (namely Asparagus acutifolius, Atriplex halimus, and Santolina etrusco).
x Vitaceae Cissus bahiensis Lombardi x Vochysiaceae Vochysia thyrsoidea Phol Undetermined Undetermined 1 Undetermined 2 Undetermined 3 Undetermined 4 Undetermined 5 Undetermined 6 x Undetermined 7 x Undetermined 8 x Undetermined 9 x Undetermined 10 x 117 LF = Life form; Ch: chamaephyte; H: hemicryptophyte; Ph:
phanerophyte; Th: therophyte; Cr: cryptophyte; Su: "suculenta"; Ep: epiphyte; OPI: open cerrado (site I); OPII (site II): open cerrado II; ROC: rocky outcrop cerrado; TC: typical cerrado; CCT: cerrado-caatinga transition; CAA: caatinga.
Cha = chamaephyte; The = therophyte; Hem = hemicryptophyte; Pha =
phanerophyte; Cry = cryptophyte.
Ulmaceae Life form: Ph:
Phanerophyte. Cr: Cryptophyte.
Geo: geophyte; Hc: hemicryptophyte; He: hemiepiphyte; Ep: epiphyte; Cha: chamaephyte; Pha:
phanerophyte; Rhi: rhizomatous; Rep: repent; Esc: Scandent; Ros: rosulate; Ter: terrestrial; Rup: rupicola; HCor: hemicorticicolous; Cor: corticicolous; Cap: fibrous adventitious root mantle.
The high humidity and salt content in the mangrove soils have made survival difficult for a great diversity of
phanerophyte plants that need strategies for surviving in an anoxide and salubrious environment.
La classification des types biologique prend en compte la position de bourgeon de renovation du vegetal par rapport au sol durant la periode froide est permet de reconnaitre 5 types biologiques, definis par Raunkiaer (1934) selon la nature morphologique et qui sont:
phanerophyte, chamaephyte, hemicryptophyte, geophytes et therophytes.
This Asian
phanerophyte is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree, in Spain predominantly in the eastern and southern parts of the country.
Cyatheaceae Alsophila sternbergii
Phanerophyte (Sternb.) D.S.
Growth form (erect, semi-erect, or prostrate) and life form (trees,
phanerophyte, chamaephyte, annual shrubs, perennial forbs, perennial grasses, biennial forbs, therophyte, or climbers) were assigned following Ali and Jari [1] and Sankary[26].
Ch: Chamephyte; Cr: Criptophyte; H: Hemicriptophyte; Hy: Hydrophyte; Ph:
Phanerophyte; Th: Therophyte; Agr: Agriophyte; Arch: Archeophyte; Dia: Diaphyte; Epoe: Epoecophyte; Medit.