Two bud developmental stages (developing and mature) were characterized by their
prophyll development.
Staminate inflorescence with
prophyll 14 cm long, 12 cm wide; bracts 7, carinate and more or less rostrate, light-brown, 24-136 cm long, 14-16.5 cm wide; peduncle 71.5 cm long; rachis 52.5 cm long; 43 first order branches, basal and middle first order branches with 18-25 second order branches (14.5-21 cm long), distal first order branches with 1-2 second order branches (6.5-10 cm long).
(vegetative) innovation zone, stolons/runners with bracts, addorsed
prophyll; 4.
This peculiar object, kolit sepootn, consists of the bag-shaped first bract (botanical term:
prophyll) borne on the inflorescence of the pinang palm (Areca catechu).
The evolutionary history of the palea is more controversial; although it is in the position of an outer perianth whorl, it is adaxial and in many grasses looks very much like a
prophyll. Likewise the lemma, although clearly abaxial and bract-like, shares some similarities with an outer perianth whorl.
This generally takes place as the second leaf is appearing on the primary tiller, and this apparent early appearance is due to the production of the
prophyll, or rudimentary leaf (Neuteboom and Lantinga, 1989) which is usually not visible at early stages of growth in creeping bentgrass (Cattani, 2000).
In most taxa they bear a
prophyll and a variable number of leaves (Fig.
Inflorescence erect;
prophyll 55 cm long, densely brown setose; peduncular bract to 95 cm long, proximal part covered with brown, 2-4 mm long bristles, these usually not persistent, and grey floccose, flattened, black spines, distal part with flattened, black, up to 5 cm long spines; peduncle to 130 cm long, 3,2 x 4,1 cm in cross section, proximal part tomentose, distal part spiny; rachis 23-38 cm long; rachillae many, to 14 cm long, proximal part 1-5 cm long, glabrous, distal part bearing the pistillate flowers, 3,5-9 cm long, covered with minute, clavate, hyaline hairs, only one pistillate flower inserted 0,2-1,5 cm from the rachis.
Leaves filiform, 0.3-0.8 mm wide; culms obtusely trigonous to compressed-trigonous; 0-1 sterile scales at the base of the spikelet (excluding the
prophyll); anthers 1.7-2.8 mm long; achene 1.1-1.5 mm wide C.
In addition, axillary branches were divided into
prophyll (the first leaf of a lateral branch), internode, sheath, and inflorescence.