The Anglo-Belgian agreement November 1934 : the treaty modified the water boundaries of
Ruanda-Urundi.
France and Britain controlled most of the African countries except for Congo (current Democratic Republic of the Congo),
Ruanda-Urundi (Rwanda and Burundi) (7) controlled by Belgium, Angola and Mozambique by Portugal, and Togoland (Togo), Cameroon, Tanganyika (Tanzania), and again
Ruanda-Urundi (Rwanda and Burundi) until World War I by Germany (8).
Les acariens de la famille Rhinonyssidae Vitzthum 1935 parasites des fosses nasals des oiseaux au
Ruanda-Urundi (Note preliminaire).
Furthermore, the nature of colonial territories, especially after 1925 when Rwanda and Burundi became the 'Territory of
Ruanda-Urundi' and were attached to Congo to form the 'Territory of Congo and
Ruanda-Urundi' with a unified administration, a unified army and a single central bank, also contributed to the free movement of people from Rwanda and Burundi to the more prosperous Belgian Congo.
In Belgium, several non-Belgian European citizens who worked in the Belgian Congo or
Ruanda-Urundi and contributed to the Belgian social security system were not granted the same social rights as their Belgian colleagues.
In 1923, the League of Nations mandated to Belgium the territory of
Ruanda-Urundi, encompassing modern-day Rwanda and Burundi.
Although it had been part of German East Africa, and between 1919 and 1962 was one section of the Belgian Mandate/Trust Territory of
Ruanda-Urundi, it had a minor, if forgotten, place in British Empire history.
Louis' first monograph was on
Ruanda-Urundi, 1884-1919 (1963), but his most original work is a succession of books on decolonization, notably Imperialism at Bay, 1941-1945: the United States and the decolonization of the British empire (1977), The British empire in the Middle East 1945-1951: Arab nationalism, the United States, and postwar imperialism (1984), and two major edited collections for the British Documents on the End of Empire series covering the Macmillan government (co-edited with Ronald Hyam, 2000) and the period from 1964 to 1971 (with S.R.