Playful Letters: A Study in Early Modern
AlphabeticsElli Louka is the founder of
Alphabetics Development & Investment (ADI), a company devoted to environment and development.
The letter-as-text-as-obscured-text-as-painting generated much of Held's best early work, which could be seen as a kind of prestidigitational
alphabetics. De Kooning sometimes scribbled letters on the canvas to get himself started; Johns institutionalized this idea.
The authors outline an approach to dealing with reading difficulties in struggling readers in kindergarten through second grade that focuses on analyzing their literacy skills and providing instruction that is responsive to their capabilities, teaching word-solving strategies, and focusing on a set of instructional goals: motivation to read and write,
alphabetics, word learning, and meaning construction.
(2006); (2) Outcome measures for each domain; (3) Findings included in the rating for the
alphabetics domain, reading fluency domain, and comprehension domain; and (4) Supplemental findings for the
alphabetics domain, reading fluency domain, and comprehension domain.
Included here are two appendixes to "Adult Education Literacy Instruction: A Review of the Research." Appendix A, "Adult Studies," contains: (1) Assessment Profiles; (2)
Alphabetics; (3) Fluency; (4) Vocabulary; and (5) Comprehension.
Based on the three studies, the WWC found potentially positive effects of Lexia Reading on
alphabetics and comprehension and no discernible effects on fluency and general reading achievement.
Based on the one study, the WWC found potentially positive effects in
alphabetics and no discernible effects in comprehension.
Intervention students in the studies used either "Fast ForWord[R] Language," "Fast ForWord[R] to Reading Prep," "Fast ForWord[R] to Reading 1," or "Fast ForWord[R] to Reading 2." The WWC considers the extent of evidence for "Fast ForWord"[R] to be small for
alphabetics and comprehension.
The WWC review on beginning reading focuses on programs intended to increase skills in
alphabetics, reading fluency, comprehension, or general reading achievement.
Based on the one study, the WWC found potentially positive effects on
alphabetics and no discernible effects on comprehension.