In case of posterior epistaxis, the bleeding points cannot be visualized on anterior rhinoscopy because these are located in the deep crevices of the lateral nasal wall or in the posterior part of the nasal cavity.
It revealed no hemorrhage of the turbinates or the nasal mucosa on anterior rhinoscopy. Firstly the lateral skull roentgenogram revealed Allen key in the left maxillary sinus to nasopharynx.
Septal perforation was seen on anterior rhinoscopy. All the cases were seen on first postop day, 5th postop day, after two week, after one month and three months of procedure.
After general and systemic examination, ENT examination including anterior rhinoscopy to look for polyposis, mucopus, deviated nasal septum (DNS) and posterior rhinoscopy for assessment of nasopharyngeal extent was done for each patient.
The anterior rhinoscopy highlighted two and three whitish fusiform organisms in the right and in the left nasal cavities, respectively; all the observed organisms appeared to be vital, presenting high mobility on the nasal mucosal surface.
Diagnosis is clinical, by anterior rhinoscopy. Treatment requires the complete removal of the existing rhinolith, either by anterior rhinoscopy or nasal endoscopy, although a lateral rhinotomy has been required in some cases.
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