The mitochondrial
apoptotic pathway is regulated by pro-apoptotic genes like BAX and anti-apoptotic genes such as BCL2 (Chipuk et al., 2010).
[H.sub.2][O.sub.2] may cause apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by activating the intrinsic
apoptotic pathways.
The chromatin condensation against the nuclear envelope, cell shrinkage, surface blebbing and generation of
apoptotic bodies by cell fragmentation were evidence of apoptosis.
Thus, the cells' death was actualized by using the
apoptotic pathways (14).
PBMCs being the alternative site for HCV replication are affected by the viral proteins, which alter the expression of caspases in order to modulate the
apoptotic pathway favoring HCV in infecting the target hepatocytes 10,12.
Just as 10, 20, and 80 uM atorvastatin caused a statistically significant decrease in cell viability at 24 h, and 48 h, further evaluation of
apoptotic and autophagic effects on MCF-7 cells were determined with these doses.
"Metformin also induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent
apoptotic cell death via the activation the proapoptotic family members," she said.
The
apoptotic index was defined as the percentage of
apoptotic cells out of the total number of myocardial cells.
For instance, [PM.sub.2.5] could cause oxidative stress, resulting in activation of multiple cell death pathways in epithelial cells, including tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-[alpha])-induced extrinsic
apoptotic pathway, the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, and autophagy pathway [8].
Cancer, namely prostate cancer is a disease of cell cycle regulation and checkpoint causing uncontrolled cellular proliferation, tumor promotion,
apoptotic failure, angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastases invasion.