Highly Siderophile and Strongly
Chalcophile Elements in High-Temperature Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry
Copper is found in
chalcophile deposits along with other metals like Pd, Cd, Zn, and so on, which are used in various industries like alloys, ceramics, and pesticides [21], and is also released from plumbing systems [22].
Samples from near the lower and upper contacts of the bentonite bed show also a significant rise in the content of
chalcophile elements such as As and Pb, simultaneously with peak S and Fe concentrations.
According to Duffus [1], the scientifically sound designations of elements generally considered as heavy metals are as follows: As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Sb (
Chalcophile); Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn (lithophile/chalcophile); and Mn and Cr (lithophile).
High values of
chalcophile elements (Hg, Bi, Cu, and Ag) were observed in layered magnetite as a below-ore halo and deep-seated iron mineralization.
The inferred host phases for PC1 were a mixture of lithophile (Sr, Sc, Zr, V and Cr; r = 0.803-0.973) and
chalcophile (Cu, Ga, Mo and Pb; r = 0.620-0.829).
Moreover, mercury is a strong
chalcophile, like zinc and cadmium, and the three metals are found as their sulfide minerals.
Third, the
chalcophile (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Mo, As, Ag, Bi) and siderophile elements (Ni, Co) form a large group occupying the middle of the diagram.
(1992):
Chalcophile element and iridium in continental Cretaceous--Tertiary boundary Clays from the western interior of the U.
(2000) Edgarite, Fe[Nb.sub.3][S.sub.6], first natural niobium-rich sulfide from the Khibina alkaline complex, Russian Far North: evidence for
chalcophile behavior of Nb in a fenite.