In this section, we will calculate the spectra for the bound states of heavy quarks such as
charmonium, bottomonium, and [B.sub.C] meson.
The experiment has also observed indications of a thermalization phenomenon, which involves the recombination of charm and anti-charm quarks to form "
charmonium".
The psi/J particle consists of a charm quark paired with a charm antiquark to form a combination known as
charmonium.
In the last decade,
charmonium physics has gained renewed strong interest from both the theoretical and the experimental side, due to the observation of a series of charmonium-like states, such as the X(3872) [1], the Y(4260) [2], and the Y(4360) [3].
Rawoot, "Transverse single spin asymmetries and
charmonium production," Nuclear Physics B--Proceedings Supplements, vol.
After the November revolution of particle physics in 1974, the year in which
charmonium states were observed, new models were proposed to calculate spectrum and radiative transitions [41-43].
In the early days most of the interests were focused on the suppression of
charmonium states [1-3] of collider experiments at SPS and RHIC, but several observations are yet to be understood; namely, the suppression of [psi](1S) does not increase from SPS to RHIC, even though the centre-of-mass energy is increased by fifteen times.
Yan, "
Charmonium: The model," Physical Review D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, vol.
After the discovery of
charmonium (c[bar.c]) states, potential models have played a key role in understanding of heavy quarkonium spectroscopy [4,5].