In Old English, this definition comprises four subtypes: (i) zero derivation with inflectional morphemes and without derivational morphemes, as in ridan "to ride" > ridda "rider"; (ii) zero derivation without explicit morphemes, either inflectional or derivational, as in bidan "to delay" > bid "delay"; (iii) zero derivation with or without explicit inflection but displaying ablaut, such as, respectively, cnawan "to know" > cneowian "to know carnally" and drifan "to drive" > draf "action of driving"; and (iv) zero derivation with formatives that cannot be considered derivational affixes in synchronic analysis, such as -m in fleon "to fly" >
fleam "flight."
A producao das vogais "a", "i", "u" envolve maior abertura da boca, estando os dentes afastados; a producao do "s" e "z" envolve controle de fluxo aereo para Isso os dentes
fleam multo proximos e entao podem ocorrer ajustes musculares que levam a mandibula para uma posicao na qual sao evitados contatos dentarios prematuros e interferencias oelusals, por Isso a dlfleuldade dos individuos com ma ocIusao de produzirem esses fonemas e descrita por alguns estudos 21.
A visit from the leaches or the blood stick and
fleam, or the lancet and probe, was not a medical procedure done in a medical suite, but a simple action of bleeding, probing or bursting.
Kastovsky (1986: 243) insists on the same idea: "[-ing was-EGT] originally a denominai suffix, it was extended to deverbal derivation via nouns like leasing, flyming, where there was a verb (leasian, flieman), which was in turn derived from a noun (leas,
fleam), thus allowing a dual connection".