Central and peripheral administration of kisspeptins could stimulate GnRH-dependent luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release, and activate the development of puberty and
gonadotropic axis [6,12,13].
The effect of bushen zhuyun prescription on
gonadotropic hormone secretion and key transcription factor expression in rat pituitary cells.
[2,17] Thus, it may be postulated that septal lesion may influence the release of
gonadotropic releasing hormone in the hypothalamus which, in turn, influence the release of
gonadotropic hormone from anterior pituitary and therefore affect sexual behavior and fertility.
Several factors have been identified to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of PCOS, among them genetic, androgen excess and insulin metabolism play a key role.6 Women with PCOS have raised LH levels which may be due to increased pulse frequency of hypothalamic
gonadotropic hormone (GnRH) or low levels of progesterone resulting from oligo-or anovulation.7,8 Altered FSH to LH ratio stimulate the ovarian theca cells to produce androstenedione.
At the beginning of the MC follicular phase, all women underwent hormone status testing on empty stomach for thyroid hormones,
gonadotropic hormones, prolactin (PRL), ovarian steroid hormones and adrenal gland, insulin and biochemical analyses (glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, liver transaminases, plasma iontophoresis).
GnRHa bind to the GnRH receptors in the
gonadotropic cells of anterior pituitary gland, resulting in desensitization of these receptors and eventual gonadal suppression due to down-regulation of the intrinsic pulsatile secretion of the LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (4).
Sleep epoch is different for male and female gender across lifespan, and this may result from the influence of female
gonadotropic hormones on sleep.
Presumptive diagnosis of PAIS, isolated micro penis, partial gonadal dysgenesis, hypo
gonadotropic hypogonadism, primary hypogonadism, CAIS and 5-[alpha] reductase deficiency was made as shown in table-III.
GnRH receptor mutations in isolated
gonadotropic deficiency.
Somatotropic, thyrotropic, and
gonadotropic function impairments manifests clinically as short stature, neonatal hypoglycemia, sequential loss of anterior pituitary tropic hormones [3].
Unlike the majority of adipokines, plasma adiponectin concentration is negatively correlated with BMI and visceral adiposity [48], but it also regulates
gonadotropic axis and gonad function [49].