The Z data entered the system through the ARPS complex cloud analysis package, which analyzes cloud and
hydrometeor fields and then adjusts in-cloud temperature and moisture based on a 1D parcel model with entrainment in areas of diagnosed cloud and rising motion [18].
As an example, precipitation rate in single-moment microphysics schemes [those most commonly used in global circulation/climate models (GCMs), which advect
hydrometeor mass only] varies significantly among schemes.
The successful implementation of these radars for operational use requires studies of rainfall estimation,
hydrometeor classification, and DSD retrieval.
Hydrometeor., 16, 1029-1047, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0077.1.
Hydrometeor., 9, 22-47, https://doi .org/10.1175/2007JHM855.1.
Christian Jr., "On the relationship of thunderstorm ice
hydrometeor characteristics and total lightning measurements," Atmospheric Research, vol.
The primary scientific objectives of SNOWIE are 1) to evaluate the role of dynamical and microphysical processes that form and enhance clouds and precipitation and the impact of terrain on the formation, growth, and fallout of ice crystals in winter storms and 2) to describe and quantify the impact of airborne and ground-based glaciogenic seeding (1) on
hydrometeor growth processes and precipitation in wintertime orographic clouds.
Furthermore, microphysical schemes account for a number of
hydrometeor types resulting from condensation, evaporation, freezing, melting, deposition, and sublimation [12-14].
Hydrometeor., 4, 1147-1167, https://doi.org/10.1175/1525 -7541(2003)004<1147:TVGPCP>2.O.CO;2.
There are 8
hydrometeor categories, which include cloud droplets, rain, ice, snow, aggregates, graupel, hail, and drizzle.
APAR's polarization diversity discrimination will help in the identification of the
hydrometeor type and understanding microphysical properties.
Vali, 1997: Detection of ice
hydrometeor alignment using an airborne W-band polarimetric radar.