The vinyl microgroove record was introduced in the late 1940s, and the two main vinyl formats--the 7-inch single turning at 45 rpm and the 12-inch LP (long-playing) record turning at 33 1/3 rpm--had totally replaced the 78 rpm shellac (sometimes vinyl) disc by the end of the 1950s.
43 THE single remained an unrivalled medium until 1948 when Columbia introduced the long-playing microgroove record, which became the standard format for albums for 35 years.
1931: Long-playing records (33rpm) were demonstrated in New York by RCA-Victor, but the venture failed because of the high price of the players, and the first real microgroove records did not appear until 1948.
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