mitochondrion

mi·to·chon·dri·on

(mī′tə-kŏn′drē-ən)

n. pl. mi·to·chon·dri·a (-drē-ə)

A spherical or elongated organelle in the cytoplasm of nearly all eukaryotic cells, containing genetic material and many enzymes important for cell metabolism, including those responsible for the conversion of food to usable energy.

[New Latin : Greek mitos, warp thread + Greek khondrion, diminutive of khondros, grain, granule; see ghrendh- in Indo-European roots.]

mi′to·chon′dri·al (-drē-əl) adj.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

mitochondrion

(ˌmaɪtəʊˈkɒndrɪən)

n, pl -dria (-drɪə)

(Biology) a small spherical or rodlike body, bounded by a double membrane, in the cytoplasm of most cells: contains enzymes responsible for energy production. Also called: chondriosome

[C19: New Latin, from Greek mitos thread + khondrion small grain]

ˌmitoˈchondrial adj

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

mi•to•chon•dri•on

(ˌmaɪ təˈkɒn dri ən)

n., pl. -dri•a (-dri ə)

an organelle in the cell cytoplasm that has its own DNA, inherited solely from the maternal line, and that produces enzymes essential for energy metabolism. Abbr.: mt See diag. at cell.

[1900–05; < Greek míto(s) thread + chóndrion small grain]

mi`to•chon′dri•al, adj.

mitochondrion

mi·to·chon·dri·on

(mī′tə-kŏn′drē-ən)

Plural mitochondria

A structure in the cytoplasm of all cells except bacteria in which food molecules are broken down in the presence of oxygen and converted to energy in the form of ATP. Mitochondria contain their own DNA. See more at cell.

The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, Second Edition. Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

mitochondrion

(pl. mitochondria) A rod-shaped organelle inside a cell that is a site of energy release.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun

mitochondrion - an organelle containing enzymes responsible for producing energy

chondriosome

sarcosome - a large mitochondrion in a striated muscle fiber

cell organ, cell organelle, organelle - a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ; "the first organelle to be identified was the nucleus"

Translations

mitochondrie

mitocondria

mitokondrio

mitochondrie

mitokondrium

hvatberi

mitocondrio

mitochondrium

mitocôndria

митохондрия

mitokondrie

mitokondri

Mentioned in

References in periodicals archive

Historically, one theory suggests that mitochondrion was a bacterium that got caught in a eukaryotic cell two billion years ago.

Mitochondria and our health

accumulates faster than a mitochondrion can repair itself, it becomes

The Mitochondrial Theory of Aging

It is important to point out that mitochondrial "dysfunction" does not mean that the mitochondrion is completely unable to synthetize ATP, but that means the functionality is affected or the organelle is sensitized to insults like calcium overload which is used in some of the experimental protocols; besides, the isolation process itself affects the organelle as can be appreciated with the control group.

Leptin Modifies the Rat Heart Performance Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction Independently of Its Prohypertrophic Effects

Functionally, it was noted that each cell type exhibited heterogeneity in mitochondrial membrane potential (potential ([DELTA][psi]m)), as each cell type examined contained distinct populations of mitochondria having both high or low [DELTA][psi]m, and no single mitochondrion contained regions of high and low [DELTA][psi]m.

Mitochondrial Heterogeneity: Evaluating Mitochondrial Subpopulation Dynamics in Stem Cells

On one hand, the respiratory capacity and the cellular ATP levels are reduced, both key tasks of the mitochondrion, the powerhouse of the cell At the same time, all cells without HSP60 presented changes.

The role of mitochondria in determining stem cell fate

Manzo-Avalos et al., "Mitochondrial response to oxidative and nitrosative stress in early stages of diabetes," Mitochondrion, vol.

Avocado oil improves mitochondrial function and decreases oxidative stress in brain of diabetic rats

The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells (the cells that make up plants, animals, fungi, and many other forms of life).

Mitochondria

Wallace Professor of Biomedical Research and chair of comparative medicine at Yale School of Medicine, said that they have found that mitochondrion need to have ongoing dynamic plasticity in order to support neurons, which are necessary for appetite and for the maintenance of life.

Why some people remain lean and others obese

However, quality control against oxidative damage is not restricted to the mitochondrion itself but is an integrated effort which involves a bidirectional cross talk between the entire mitochondria network and communication with other cellular quality control machineries like autophagy and the ubiquitin proteasomal system.

Mitochondrial quality control: decommissioning power plants in neurodegenerative diseases