It illuminates a role for the president that can be characterized neither as restrained constitutional leadership nor as
plebiscitary Caesarism.
One of the most conspicuous trends in the development of the modern American presidency is the emergence and growth of the
plebiscitary presidency.
Marc Landy and Sidney Milkis, in their work on "presidential greatness," for example, suggest that traits or skills that might have been sufficient to elevate a president to greatness in the past are now negated by the demise of localized parties "as agents of popular rule." All presidents are now practitioners of a "
plebiscitary form of politics that mocks the progressive concept of `enlightened administration' and exposes citizens to the sort of public figures who exploit their impatience with the difficult tasks involved in sustaining a healthy constitutional democracy" (Landy and Milkis 2000, 239, 240).
The referendum that committed Britain to exiting the European Union was a very blunt instrument of
plebiscitary democracy in a country that had traditionally defined the Crown-in-Parliament in opposition to more populist forms of government.
Drawing on a reading of the Congressional Record Index, I have identified upward of 134 status and
plebiscitary bills for Puerto Rico introduced, and in some cases debated, in Congress between 1898 and 2018.
The president should not attempt to delegitimise the legislature by
plebiscitary appeal through public statements.
(83) that--despite these heavy debates--finally a Preconditions stronger political and even
plebiscitary momentum I Profound constitutional basis has led (at least in some States of Germany, eg, + A Constitutional Judge's dissenting Bavaria) to clear preventive opinion, grounded on the German and health protective legal Constitution, initiated the State's provisions.
For now, Coleman says, we are in "democratic limbo." The "democratic compromise" of the past century and a half limits democratic input to a "brief
plebiscitary moment" when representatives are elected to regulate an otherwise undemocratic social order.
The diversities in the federation will be overcome by a
plebiscitary democracy held around a powerful central leader and his party.
If anything, they could operate even less democratically than traditional parties, owing to their strong
plebiscitary forms of leadership.
(10) By implication, in a democratic regime, the sovereign people can be said to act through
plebiscitary initiative and then "go to sleep," leaving the "government" (which would include, in the United States, the Supreme Court) to administer its fundamental law.