The frequency [[omega].sub.r] is the
series resonance frequency of SHS unit.
The operation at 100 kHz is above the
series resonance, even if the primary capacitor leg is considered.
For lossless equivalent LC circuit model adopted,
series resonance frequency and parallel resonance frequency are obtained from immittances characteristic, which is utilized to extract the LC parameters.
The
series resonance frequency and shunt resonance frequency are given as [[omega].sub.se] = 1/[square root of [L.sub.R]'[C.sub.L]'] and [[omega].sub.sh] = 1/[square root of [L.sub.R]'[C.sub.L]'], respectively.
Depending on the parallel or series operation, it may form parallel or
series resonance. At a given location, when a system forms a parallel resonance, it exhibits high network impedance, whereas for a
series resonance, it presents a low network impedance path [17].
Because only the shunt resonance [omega]sh is practical for the impedance matching of an open-circuit ZOR antenna, the left-handed series capacitance related to the
series resonance [[omega].sub.se] can be removed or easily implemented by using a small gap to reduce the design complexity.
Under differential-mode excitation, the symmetric metamaterial unit-cell behaves like a balanced CRLH unit-cell; it is supported by the
series resonance frequency ([f.sub.se]) of the unit-cell for passband characteristics.
Hence, we present four topologies that are composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH TL) [21], dual-CRLH TL (D-CRLH TL) [22],
series resonance and parallel resonance topology.
Assuming that there are
series resonance circuits in both sides of the system, the following relationship is held:
If the active filter is not connected, the compensation current, [i.sub.c], mitigates the main harmonics of load current [i.sub.l], and it is possible that a
series resonance between the LC branches will appear.
The first
series resonance varies from 2.3 0Hz on 59 mil thick FR4 to 4.4 GHz on 14 mil thick FR4.