slave

slave

 (slāv)

n.

1. One who is owned as the property of someone else, especially in involuntary servitude.

2. One who is subservient to or controlled by another: his boss's slave.

3. One who is subject to or controlled by a specified influence: a slave to alcohol; a slave to an irrational fear.

4. One who works extremely hard.

5. One who acts out the role of the submissive partner in a sadomasochistic relationship.

6. A slave ant.

7. A machine or component controlled by another machine or component.

intr.v. slaved, slav·ing, slaves

1. To work very hard or doggedly; toil.

2. To trade in or transport slaves.

3. To cause a machine or component to be controlled by another machine or component.

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[Middle English sclave, from Old French esclave, from Medieval Latin sclāvus, from Sclāvus, Slav (from the widespread enslavement of captured Slavs in the early Middle Ages); see Slav.]

Word History: The derivation of the word slave encapsulates a bit of European history and explains why the two words slave and Slav are so similar; they are, in fact, historically identical. The word slave first appears in English around 1290, spelled sclave. The spelling is based on Old French esclave from Medieval Latin sclavus, "Slav, slave," first recorded around 800. Sclavus comes from Byzantine Greek sklabos (pronounced sklä′vōs) "Slav," which appears around 580. Sklavos approximates the Slavs' own name for themselves, the Slověnci, surviving in English Slovene and Slovenian. The spelling of English slave, closer to its original Slavic form, first appears in English in the 1500s. Slavs became slaves around the beginning of the ninth century when the Holy Roman Empire tried to stabilize a German-Slav frontier. By the 1100s, stabilization had given way to wars of expansion and extermination that did not end until 1410, when the Poles crushed the knights of the Teutonic Order at Grunwald in north-central Poland. · As far as the Slavs' own self-designation goes, its meaning is, understandably, better than "slave"; it comes from the Indo-European root *kleu-, whose basic meaning is "to hear" and occurs in many derivatives meaning "renown, fame." The Slavs are thus "the famous people." Slavic names ending in -slav incorporate the same word, such as Czech Bohu-slav, "God's fame," Russian Msti-slav, "vengeful fame," and Polish Stani-slaw, "famous for withstanding (enemies)."

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

slave

(sleɪv)

n

1. (Law) a person legally owned by another and having no freedom of action or right to property

2. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) a person who is forced to work for another against his will

3. a person under the domination of another person or some habit or influence: a slave to television.

4. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) a person who works in harsh conditions for low pay

5. (Mechanical Engineering)

a. a device that is controlled by or that duplicates the action of another similar device (the master device)

b. (as modifier): slave cylinder.

vb

6. (often foll by: away) to work like a slave

7. (tr) an archaic word for enslave

[C13: via Old French from Medieval Latin Sclāvus a Slav, one held in bondage (from the fact that the Slavonic races were frequently conquered in the Middle Ages), from Late Greek Sklabos a Slav]

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

slave

(sleɪv)

n., v. slaved, slav•ing. n.

1. a person who is the property of and wholly subject to another; bond servant.

2. a person entirely under the domination of some influence or person.

3. a drudge: a housekeeping slave.

4. a mechanism under control of and repeating the actions of a similar mechanism. Compare master (def. 17).

v.i.

5. to work like a slave; drudge.

6. to engage in the slave trade.

v.t.

7. Archaic. to enslave.

[1250–1300; Middle English sclave < Medieval Latin sclāvus (masculine), sclāva (feminine) slave, orig., Slav; so called because Slavs were commonly enslaved in the early Middle Ages]

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

slave

• amanuensis - Literally "slave at hand"—for a literary assistant, especially one who takes dictation or copies manuscripts.
• ciao - Also ciau; from Italian, it is an alteration of schiavo, "(I am your) slave."
• serve - From Latin servire, "serve," from servus, "slave."
• addict - To addict originally meant "to award as a slave"; an addict now is a slave to his/her habit, from Latin addictus, which, in Roman law, meant "a debtor awarded as a slave to his creditor."

Farlex Trivia Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.

slave

Past participle: slaved
Gerund: slaving

Imperative

slave

slave

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	slave - a person who is owned by someone   individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul - a human being; "there was too much for one person to do" bondsman, bondman - a male slave bondmaid, bondwoman, bondswoman - a female slave bond servant - someone bound to labor without wages puppet, tool, creature - a person who is controlled by others and is used to perform unpleasant or dishonest tasks for someone else galley slave - a slave condemned to row in a galley
	3.	slave - someone entirely dominated by some influence or person; "a slave to fashion"; "a slave to cocaine"; "his mother was his abject slave" individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul - a human being; "there was too much for one person to do"
Verb	1.	slave - work very hard, like a slave break one's back, buckle down, knuckle down do work, work - be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college"

Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

slave

noun

1. servant, serf, vassal, bondsman, slavey (Brit. informal), varlet (archaic), villein, bondservant still living as slaves in the desert

2. drudge, skivvy (chiefly Brit.), scullion (archaic) Mum says to Dad, `I'm not your slave, you know!'

verb

1. toil, labour, grind (informal), drudge, sweat, graft, slog, sweat blood, skivvy (Brit.), work your fingers to the bone, work your guts out, keep your nose to the grindstone slaving over a hot stove

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

slave

noun

One who works or toils tirelessly:

drudge, fag, grub, plodder.

Informal: grind, workhorse.

verb

To do tedious, laborious, and sometimes menial work:

drudge, grub, plod, slog.

Informal: grind.

The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Translations

عَبْديَعْمَلُ عن غَيْرِه عملا شاقّايُكَدِّحُ

otrokotročit-yně

slavetræl

SklaveschuftenSklavinabarbeiten

σκλάβοςσκλαβώνωδούλος

esclavotrabajar como un negrotrabajar como una bestiaesclavizar

orjaraataa

esclavetrimer

robrobovati

agyondolgozza magátrabszolga

hamba

òrælaòrællvinnuòræll

schiavoschiavalavorare come uno schiavopedissequamentepedissequo

奴隷奴隷のように働くスレーブ

노예혹사하다

vergasvergautivergovėvergvaldystė

vergsvergot

slaafuitsloven (zich)

slavetrellslite som en gamparbeide som en slavearbeidsslave

niewolniktyraćniewolnica

escravoescravaescravizar

рабрабынярабскийвыполнять тяжелую работу

otročiťotrok

suženj

slavslavasexslav

ทาสทำงานอย่างหนัก

köleköle gibi çalışmakköle gibi çalışan

làm việc như nô lệnô lệ

奴隶苦工辛勤努力作苦工

slave

[sleɪv]

A. N → esclavo/a m/f
to be a slave to sth (fig) → ser esclavo de algo
to be a slave to tobacco → ser esclavo del tabaco
to be a slave to duty → ser esclavo del deber

B. VI to slave (away) at sth/at doing sth → trabajar como un negro en algo/haciendo algo

C. CPD slave driver N → negrero/a m/f (fig) → tirano/a m/f
slave labour N (= work) → trabajo m de esclavos; (= persons) → esclavos mpl
slave trade N → trata f de esclavos, comercio m de esclavos, tráfico m de esclavos
slave trader N → traficante mf en esclavos

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

slave

[ˈsleɪv]

n

(lit) → esclave mf

(fig) → esclave
to be a slave to sth [+ fashion, convention, work] → être l'esclave de qch

vi (= work very hard) → trimer, travailler comme un forçat
to slave over a hot stove → trimer aux fourneaux

slave away

vi → trimer, travailler comme un forçat
to slave away at sth → se tuer à qch
to slave away at doing sth → se tuer à faire qchslave driver n (pejorative) → négrier/ière m/fslave labour (British) slave labor (US) n

(lit) → travail m des esclaves
built by slave labour → construit(e) grâce au travail des esclaves
based on slave labour → fondé(e) sur le travail des esclaves

(fig) → esclavage m
it's just slave labour → c'est de l'esclavage

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

slave

n → Sklave m, → Sklavin f; to be a slave to somebody/something → jds Sklave/Sklave von etw sein

vi → sich abplagen, schuften (inf); to slave (away) at something → sich mit etw herumschlagen; to slave over a hot stove → (den ganzen Tag) am Herd stehen; he was slaving over his homework → er schlug sich mit seinen Hausaufgaben herum

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slave

:

slave-driver

n (lit, fig) → Sklaventreiber(in) m(f)

slave labour, (US) slave labor

n

(= work) → Sklavenarbeit f

(= work force) → Sklaven pl; he uses slave → seine Leute müssen wie die Sklaven arbeiten

slave market

n (Hist) → Sklavenmarkt m

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slave

:

slave ship

n → Sklavenschiff nt

slave trade

n → Sklavenhandel m

slave trader

n = slaver¹

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

slave

[sleɪv]

1. n → schiavo/a
to be a slave to sth (fig) → essere schiavo/a di qc
to be a slave of habit → essere schiavo/a delle abitudini

2. vi to slave (away) at sth/at doing sth → sgobbare per qc/per fare qc

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

slave

(sleiv) noun

1. a person who works for a master to whom he belongs. In the nineteenth century many Africans were sold as slaves in the United States. slaaf عَبْد роб escravo otrok, -yně der Sklave, die Sklavin slave σκλάβος, δούλοςesclavo ori برده orja esclaveעבד दास, गुलाम rob, ropkinja rabszolga budak þræll schiavo 奴隷 노예 vergas vergs hamba abdi slaafslave, trellniewolnik غلام escravo sclav раб, невольник otrok, -kyňa suženj rob slav, träl ทาส köle 奴隸 раб, невільник غلام người nô lệ 奴隶

2. a person who works very hard for someone else. He has a slave who types his letters and organizes his life for him. slaaf كادِح، شَخْص يَعْمَل عن غَيْرِه عملا شاقّا слуга escravo otrok der Sklave, die Sklavin slave υποτακτικός esclavo ori كسي كه كار سياه ميكند orja esclaveעבד दासतापूर्ण काम करने वाला व्यक्ति rob (raditi kao rob) „rabszolga” pekerja keras vinnuþræll schiavo 献身的に働く人 (노예 같이 일하는) 사람 vergas vergs hamba slaafarbeidsslave najemnik, niewolnik قاچاقبر escravo sclav раб otrok suženj rob slav ผู้ทำงานหนัก köle gibi çalışan 苦力 раб ملازم người làm việc đầu tắt, mặt tối 苦工

verb

to work very hard, often for another person. I've been slaving away for you all day while you sit and watch television. afsloof يَعْمَلُ عن غَيْرِه عملا شاقّا слугувам labutar otročit schuften slave; slide og slæbe δουλεύω σαν σκλάβος trabajar como una bestia, trabajar como un negro rügama خر حمالي كردن raataa trimer לַעֲבוֹד כְּמוֹ עֶבֶד दासतापूर्ण काम करना raditi kao rob, ubijati se od posla agyondolgozza magát (vki helyett) bekerja keras þræla sgobbare 献身的に働く 노예같이 뼈빠지게 일하다 vergauti vergot bekerja keras zwoegenarbeide som en slave, slite som en gampharować لكه خر داسى كار كول labutar a slugări надрываться otročiť garati mučiti se slava, slita ทำงานหนัก köle gibi çalışmak 作苦工 працювати, як раб کڑی محنت کرنا làm việc quần quật 作苦工

ˈslavery noun

1. the state of being a slave. slaafwees عُبودِيَّه робство escravidão otroctví die Sklaverei slave δουλείαesclavitud orjus بردگي orjuus esclavageעבדות दासता robovanje rabszolgaság perbudakan þrældómur schiavitù 奴隷状態 노예 신분 vergovė, vergija verdzība penghambaan slavernijslaveri, trelldomniewolnictwo مرييتوب، غلامي: كړاو، ستونځه: مريى ساتنه، دغلامۍ رسم escravatura scla­vie рабство otroctvo suženjstvo ropstvo slaveri, träldom ความเป็นทาส kölelik 奴隸身份 рабство غلامی tình trạng nô lệ 奴隶身份

2. the system of ownership of slaves. slawerny نِظام العُبودِيَّه робство escravatura otrokářství die Sklaverei slaveri δουλείαesclavitud orjapidamine برده داري orjuus esclavageעבדות दास-प्रथा ropstvo rabszolgaság perbudakan þrælahald schiavitù, schiavismo 奴隷制度 노예 제도 vergvaldystė verdzība; verdzības iekārta penghambaan slavernijslaveriniewolnictwo غلامي escravatura sclava­gism рабовладение otrokárstvo sužnjelastništvo ropstvo slaveri การเป็นทาส kölelik sistemi 奴隸制度 рабство غلامی کا رواج sự chiếm hữu nô lệ 奴隶制度

3. very hard and badly-paid work. Her job is sheer slavery. slawerny عَمَل شاق وأُجْرَة مُنْخَفِضَه робия escravidão otročina die Sklavenarbeit slaveri σκληρή και άθλια αμειβόμενη εργασία, κάτεργοesclavitud orjatöö كار سياه raskas ja huonopalkkainen työ esclavage עַבוֹדַת פָּרֵך कठोर परिश्रम ropstvo rabszolgamunka perbudakan þrælavinna schiavitù, schiavismo 苦役 고역 vergavimas vergošana pengabdian slavernijslavearbeid katorga مرييتوب escravatura sclavie рабский труд otročina suženjsko delo ropstvo slavgöra ทำงานหนักและได้ค่าแรงต่ำ zor ve ücreti düşük iş 苦役 підневільна праця سخت مشقت công việc được trả công rẻ mạt 苦役

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.

slave

→ عَبْد, يُكَدِّحُ otročit, otrok slave schuften, Sklave σκλάβος, σκλαβώνω esclavizar, esclavo orja, raataa esclave, trimer rob, robovati lavorare come uno schiavo, schiavo 奴隷, 奴隷のように働く 노예, 혹사하다 slaaf, uitsloven (zich) slave niewolnik, tyrać escravizar, escravo выполнять тяжелую работу, раб slav, slava ทาส, ทำงานอย่างหนัก köle, köle gibi çalışmak làm việc như nô lệ, nô lệ 奴隶, 辛勤努力

Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009