According to a development scholar (Prebisch, 1963), the main characteristic of the economies of undeveloped countries is structural heterogeneity, that is, the existence of branches or activities whose mean productivity is very similar to that of the great industrial centers, while in parallel, another set of activities has a low productivity, implying forms of
subemployment. Other authors, such as Furtado (1967), have maintained that structural heterogeneity and the persistence of backward forms of production are a specific trait of the so-called sub-development (2), which tends to reproduce and perpetuate itself.
Future work option is considered a factor, as unemployment or
subemployment is high in Honduras.
"Defense Procurement Preferences as a Remedy for
Subemployment: A Comment." Harvard Law Review 82 (6): 1266-81.
It presented the results of a '
subemployment index' which included "...
Some 20 years of structural unemployment and
subemployment in the former industrial zones, ruthless cuts in public spending, declining participation in the electoral process, plus sustained policies of malign neglect of the growing racial divide, ripped open the social fabric and created widespread anxieties about personal well-being and security (Wallerstein, 1994: 15).
The official statistics of the Labor Ministry and the Central Bank tell part of the story, an increase in unemployment and
subemployment from 44.3 percent in 1990 to 53.5 percent in 1995.
The most visible aspect of
subemployment, structural unemployment, has become so extensive and chronic that governments are increasingly compelled to declare it a "national catastrophe", as the premier of Quebec did last year ...
Historical perspective also makes us aware that even with unemployment rates below four percent in the 1960s,
subemployment continued at crisis levels in the nation's ghettos.
Most of us know someone who has lost a once-secure job at good wages with benefits, searched fruitlessly for the same kind of position and settled silently into
subemployment. Few such people receive pensions, and most don't even qualify for unemployment.
The section ends quite appropriately with an article by Rhon Baiman on "Structural
Subemployment in the U.S.
Miller, "
Subemployment in poverty areas of large U.S.