pelagic, benthic, litoral, ...) promote ecological segregation and
sympatric speciation within distribution of the range of a species as well as dietary differences (piscivory, insectivory, detritivory, ...) (Horstkotte & Strecker, 2005; Joyce et al., 2005; Barluenga, Stolting, Salzburger, Muschick, & Meyer, 2006).
Similarly, case studies of
sympatric speciation (i.e., evolution from a single ancestral species in the same location) must demonstrate species co-existence, sister relationships, reproductive isolation, and that a former allopatric phase is highly unlikely.
In lacewings, it has been hypothesized that
sympatric speciation has occurred through host race formation or sexual selection.
Sympatric speciation in the post "Modern Synthesis" era of evolutionary biology.
Interactions among quantitative traits in the course of
sympatric speciation. Nature, 400:351-354.
The second chapter quickly switches gears to evolutionary biology and
sympatric speciation, illustrating the breadth of Ron Prokopy's influence, ranging from highly applied pest management science to the fundamental principles of speciation.
The origin of new species within the range of parent species without geographic separation (
sympatric speciation) appears likely in certain fruit flies and in the case of some species flocks of freshwater fish found in tiny lakes (Schliewen et al., 1994; Gibbons, 1996; Tregenza and Butlin, 1999).
Those on discerning recent divergence include speciation by geography and sexual selection, host specificity and its co-evolutionary implications, the complexities of
sympatric speciation, and a population genetic analysis of divergence.
However, theoretical studies have demonstrated that
sympatric speciation can occur and can cause species to form much more rapidly than by allopatric speciation (Turelli et al.
harrasonii appear to be distinct and often have overlapping ranges, this suggests that these three taxa may have evolved via a classic
sympatric speciation scenario.