[[THETA].sub.k] (t) is the phase noise, [[eta].sup.UT.sub.t,k] (t) is the distortion noise from user k, [[eta].sup.BS.sub.r](t) is the distortion noise at the BS, and [[zeta].sup.UL](t) is the amplified
thermal noise. Those noises are the characteristics of the hardware impairments that affect the uplink training phase.
All previous Ernies have used
thermal noise to produce random numbers, however Ernie 5 is powered by quantum technology, the ability to produce random numbers through light.
With the development of a sensor semiconductor structure that reduces the impact of
thermal noise, Fujitsu Laboratories has made it possible to create handheld-sized, high-sensitivity infrared cameras.
Reduced
thermal noise spikes eliminate false alarms during monitoring.
Single-crystal multilayer mirrors have extremely low defect densities, and therefore low susceptibility to
thermal noise, a key property for precision metrology systems.
This is required to reduce the
thermal noise generated by the device.
Major part of this noise originates from
thermal noise and flicker noise (1/f noise) of active and passive devices that constitute the circuits.
The improved Duffing circuit designed in Figure 3 was simulated using Multisim circuit simulation software to test the parameter design of Figure 11 on the signal under test detection performance in the presence of noise signals generated by the
thermal noise equation.
And on top of all this there is '
thermal noise' from the natural surroundings.
where [n.sub.Th] denotes
thermal noise and [n.sub.sh] denotes shot noise.
One oddity was that the Pentax's Slow Shutter Speed Noise Reduction option took internal dark frames that were consistently only 75% of the duration of the light frames, compromising their ability to accurately reduce
thermal noise.