Ventrodorsal radiographic view of a rose-breasted cockatoo with a moth-eaten pattern of lysis (asterisks) in all bones of the wings and both
tibiotarsi, cortical expansion and irregular contour of the left ulna (circle), area of subperiosteal scalloping and lysis (large arrowheads), and irregular periosteal reaction (small arrowhead) of the tarsi.
2 tubercles: 2 (Di + De + DL)) and the presence of seta M on the
tibiotarsi (in Vietnura present, in Intricatonura gen.
Composition, cortical structure and mechanical properties of chicken
tibiotarsi: effect of growth rate.
First, they have heavier and longer
tibiotarsi (the major bone of the leg).
Laterolateral radiograph of a dwarf Welsumer hen, showing ingested eggshell particles in an overfilled crop, old egg material in the uterus (black arrow), and medullary bone in both coracoids, femurs, and
tibiotarsi. The corresponding VD view showed similar radiographic findings; no hourglass shape was seen.
Tibiotarsi I, II, and III without tenent hairs, with 18, 18, and 17 setae, respectively.
Tibiotarsi of legs I, II, and III with 16 (1, 8, 7) chaetae each (Figs.
Common clinical signs associated with metabolic bone disease in bird species are deformable beaks, sterna, and
tibiotarsi; an inability to ambulate or fly; lower limb lameness and folding fractures of the
tibiotarsi; and retained feather shafts.
Postmortem examination revealed varus rotation of both femurs and abnormal appendages originating from the distal medial surface of the
tibiotarsi with 2 nonfunctional digits on the right leg and one digit on the left leg.
III and IV sterna, and
tibiotarsi with 7 or 9 distal chaetae (Babenko et al.
Subcoxae 1 of I, II and III legs with 5, 6-7, 6-7 chaetae, subcoxae 2 with 1, 4, 4, coxae with 4, 10, 14, trochanters with 11, 10, 9, femora with 18, 18, 17,
tibiotarsi with four rows of chaetae (A+T)(=distal whorl)+B+C: 11+8+3, 11+8+3, 11+8+4 chaetae respectively (Fig.
Subcoxae 1 of I, II and III legs with 4, 4-5,4-5 chaetae, subcoxae 2 with 0,4,3 chaetae, coxae with 3,10,12-13 chaetae, trochanters with 9 chaetae each, femora with 15, 15, 14 chaetae,
tibiotarsi with 4 rows of chaetae: distal whorl = A+T rows, and rows B and C with 18(9 + 7 + 2), 18(9 + 8 + 1), 17(9 + 7 + 1) chaetae respectively.