reduce (redirected from be reduced)

re·duce  (r-ds, -dys)

v. re·duced, re·duc·ing, re·duc·es

v.tr.

1. To bring down, as in extent, amount, or degree; diminish. See Synonyms at decrease.

2. To bring to a humbler, weaker, difficult, or forced state or condition; especially:

a. To gain control of; conquer: "a design to reduce them under absolute despotism" (Declaration of Independence).

b. To subject to destruction: Enemy bombers reduced the city to rubble.

c. To weaken bodily: was reduced almost to emaciation.

d. To sap the spirit or mental energy of.

e. To compel to desperate acts: The Depression reduced many to begging on street corners.

f. To lower in rank or grade. See Synonyms at demote.

g. To powder or pulverize.

h. To thin (paint) with a solvent.

3. To lower the price of: The store has drastically reduced winter coats.

4. To put in order or arrange systematically.

5. To separate into orderly components by analysis.

6. Chemistry

a. To decrease the valence of (an atom) by adding electrons.

b. To remove oxygen from (a compound).

c. To add hydrogen to (a compound).

d. To change to a metallic state by removing nonmetallic constituents; smelt.

7. Mathematics To simplify the form of (an expression, such as a fraction) without changing the value.

8. Medicine To restore (a fractured or displaced body part) to a normal condition or position.

v.intr.

1. To become diminished.

2. To lose weight, as by dieting.

3. Biology To undergo meiosis.

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[Middle English reducen, to bring back, from Old French reducier, from Latin redcere : re-, re- + dcere, to lead; see deuk- in Indo-European roots.]

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re·ducer n.

re·duci·bili·ty n.

re·duci·ble adj.

re·duci·bly adv.

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reduce [rɪˈdjuːs]

vb (mainly tr)

1. (also intr) to make or become smaller in size, number, extent, degree, intensity, etc.

2. to bring into a certain state, condition, etc. to reduce a forest to ashes to reduce someone to despair

3. (also intr) to make or become slimmer; lose or cause to lose excess weight

4. to impoverish (esp in the phrase in reduced circumstances)

5. to bring into a state of submission to one's authority; subjugate the whole country was reduced after three months

6. (Business / Commerce) to bring down the price of (a commodity) the shirt was reduced in the sale

7. to lower the rank or status of; demote he was reduced from corporal to private reduced to the ranks

8. to set out systematically as an aid to understanding; simplify his theories have been reduced in a popular treatise

9. (Mathematics) Maths to modify or simplify the form of (an expression or equation), esp by substitution of one term by another

10. (Cookery) Cookery to make (a sauce, stock, etc.) more concentrated by boiling away some of the water in it

11. to thin out (paint) by adding oil, turpentine, etc.; dilute

12. (Chemistry) (also intr) Chem

a.  to undergo or cause to undergo a chemical reaction with hydrogen or formation of a hydride

b.  to lose or cause to lose oxygen atoms

c.  to undergo or cause to undergo an increase in the number of electrons Compare oxidize

13. (Miscellaneous Technologies / Photography) Photog to lessen the density of (a negative or print) by converting some of the blackened silver in the emulsion to soluble silver compounds by an oxidation process using a photographic reducer

14. (Medicine / Surgery) Surgery to manipulate or reposition (a broken or displaced bone, organ, or part) back to its normal site

15. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Biology) (also intr) Biology to undergo or cause to undergo meiosis

[from Latin redūcere to bring back, from re- + dūcere to lead]

reducible  adj

reducibility  n

reducibly  adv

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reduce

• diminish - A blend of diminue, "speak disparagingly," and minish, "reduce in amount, degree, influence, power."
• formulate - Can mean "reduce to a formula."
• moderate - Etymologically, it means "keep within due measure," and is derived from Latin moderari or moderare, "control, reduce."
• minimize - Means to reduce to an absolute minimum—not to play down or soften.

Thesaurus

Verb	1.	reduce - cut down on; make a reduction in; "reduce your daily fat intake"; "The employer wants to cut back health benefits" cut down, trim back, trim down, cut, cut back, trim, bring down shorten - make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration; "He shortened his trip due to illness" spill - reduce the pressure of wind on (a sail) quench - reduce the degree of (luminescence or phosphorescence) in (excited molecules or a material) by adding a suitable substance cut - have a reducing effect; "This cuts into my earnings" retrench - make a reduction, as in one's workforce; "The company had to retrench" slash - cut drastically; "Prices were slashed" thin out - make sparse; "thin out the young plants" thin - make thin or thinner; "Thin the solution" minify, decrease, lessen - make smaller; "He decreased his staff" detract, take away - take away a part from; diminish; "His bad manners detract from his good character" deflate - reduce or cut back the amount or availability of, creating a decline in value or prices; "deflate the currency" inflate - increase the amount or availability of, creating a rise in value; "inflate the currency" downsize - reduce in size or number; "the company downsized its research staff" subtract - take off or away; "this prefix was subtracted when the word was borrowed from French" knock off, shave - cut the price of
	2.	reduce - make less complex; "reduce a problem to a single question" abbreviate - shorten; "Abbreviate `New York' and write `NY'" simplify - make simpler or easier or reduce in complexity or extent; "We had to simplify the instructions"; "this move will simplify our lives"
	3.	reduce - bring to humbler or weaker state or condition; "He reduced the population to slavery" demote, kick downstairs, relegate, bump, break - assign to a lower position; reduce in rank; "She was demoted because she always speaks up"; "He was broken down to Sergeant"
	4.	reduce - simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another math, mathematics, maths - a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement interchange, substitute, replace, exchange - put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items; "the con artist replaced the original with a fake Rembrandt"; "substitute regular milk with fat-free milk"; "synonyms can be interchanged without a changing the context's meaning"
	5.	reduce - lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation; "She reduced her niece to a servant" demean, disgrace, degrade, take down, put down - reduce in worth or character, usually verbally; "She tends to put down younger women colleagues"; "His critics took him down after the lecture"
	6.	reduce - be the essential element; "The proposal boils down to a compromise" boil down, come down become, turn - undergo a change or development; "The water turned into ice"; "Her former friend became her worst enemy"; "He turned traitor"
	7.	reduce - reduce in size; reduce physically; "Hot water will shrink the sweater"; "Can you shrink this image?" shrink scale down, reduce - make smaller; "reduce an image" reef - reduce (a sail) by taking in a reef miniaturise, miniaturize - design or construct on a smaller scale minify, decrease, lessen - make smaller; "He decreased his staff" depopulate, desolate - reduce in population; "The epidemic depopulated the countryside" downsize - make in a smaller size; "the car makers downsized the SUVs when fuel became very expensive" contract - make smaller; "The heat contracted the woollen garment"
	8.	reduce - lessen and make more modest; "reduce one's standard of living" impoverish - make poor
	9.	reduce - make smaller; "reduce an image" scale down shrink, reduce - reduce in size; reduce physically; "Hot water will shrink the sweater"; "Can you shrink this image?" blow up, enlarge, magnify - make large; "blow up an image"
	10.	reduce - to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons deoxidise, deoxidize chemical science, chemistry - the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions change - undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night" benficiate - subject to a reduction process; "benficiate ores" pole - deoxidize molten metals by stirring them with a wooden pole
	11.	reduce - narrow or limit; "reduce the influx of foreigners" tighten confine, limit, throttle, trammel, restrain, restrict, bound - place limits on (extent or access); "restrict the use of this parking lot"; "limit the time you can spend with your friends"
	12.	reduce - put down by force or intimidation; "The government quashes any attempt of an uprising"; "China keeps down her dissidents very efficiently"; "The rich landowners subjugated the peasants working the land" quash, repress, subdue, subjugate, keep down crush, oppress, suppress - come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority; "The government oppresses political activists"
	13.	reduce - undergo meiosis; "The cells reduce" divide, part, separate - come apart; "The two pieces that we had glued separated"
	14.	reduce - reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site reposition - place into another position
	15.	reduce - destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it linguistics - the scientific study of language de-emphasise, de-emphasize, destress - reduce the emphasis obscure - reduce a vowel to a neutral one, such as a schwa
	16.	reduce - reduce in scope while retaining essential elements; "The manuscript must be shortened" abbreviate, abridge, foreshorten, shorten, contract, cut bowdlerise, bowdlerize, expurgate, castrate, shorten - edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate; "bowdlerize a novel" edit out, edit, cut - cut and assemble the components of; "edit film"; "cut recording tape" condense, concentrate, digest - make more concise; "condense the contents of a book into a summary" minify, decrease, lessen - make smaller; "He decreased his staff"
	17.	reduce - be cooked until very little liquid is left; "The sauce should reduce to one cup" boil down, decoct, concentrate cookery, cooking, preparation - the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat; "cooking can be a great art"; "people are needed who have experience in cookery"; "he left the preparation of meals to his wife" decrease, diminish, lessen, fall - decrease in size, extent, or range; "The amount of homework decreased towards the end of the semester"; "The cabin pressure fell dramatically"; "her weight fell to under a hundred pounds"; "his voice fell to a whisper"
	18.	reduce - cook until very little liquid is left; "The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time" boil down, concentrate cookery, cooking, preparation - the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat; "cooking can be a great art"; "people are needed who have experience in cookery"; "he left the preparation of meals to his wife" minify, decrease, lessen - make smaller; "He decreased his staff"
	19.	reduce - lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture; "cut bourbon" dilute, thin, thin out, cut weaken - lessen the strength of; "The fever weakened his body" water down - make less strong or intense; "water down the mixture"
	20.	reduce - take off weight                       lose weight, melt off, slim, slim down, slenderize, thin sweat off - lose weight by sweating; "I sweated off 3 pounds in the sauna" change state, turn - undergo a transformation or a change of position or action; "We turned from Socialism to Capitalism"; "The people turned against the President when he stole the election" gain, put on - increase (one's body weight); "She gained 20 pounds when she stopped exercising"

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reduce

verb

1. lessen, cut, contract, lower, depress, moderate, weaken, diminish, turn down, decrease, slow down, cut down, shorten, dilute, impair, curtail, wind down, abate, tone down, debase, truncate, abridge, downsize Consumption is being reduced by 25 per cent.
lessen increase, extend, enhance, heighten, enlarge, augment

2. degrade, downgrade, demote, lower in rank, break, humble, humiliate, bring low, take down a peg (informal), lower the status of They wanted the army reduced to a police force.
degrade promote, enhance, elevate, exalt

3. drive, force, bring, bring to the point of He was reduced to begging for a living.

4. thicken, set, gel, clot, condense, congeal, jell, coagulate Simmer until mixture reduces.

5. cheapen, cut, lower, discount, slash, knock down, mark down, make cheaper, bring down the price of Companies should reduce prices today.

in reduced circumstances impoverished, penniless, destitute, poverty-stricken, broke (informal), short, poor, ruined, bust (informal), in need, bankrupt, needy, badly off, on the rocks, hard up (informal), down and out, skint (Brit. slang), in want, indigent, down at heel, impecunious, dirt-poor (informal), on the breadline, flat broke (informal), penurious, on your uppers, stony-broke (Brit. slang), necessitous, in queer street, pauperized, without two pennies to rub together (informal), on your beam-ends living in reduced circumstances

Translations

reduce [rɪˈdjuːs]

A. VT

1. (= decrease) [+ number, costs, expenditure, inflation] → reducir; [+ price] → rebajar (Ind) [+ output] → reducir, recortar; [+ speed, heat, visibility] → disminuir; [+ temperature] → bajar; [+ stress, tension] → reducir, disminuir; [+ pain] → aliviar
it reduces the risk of heart disease (by 20%) → disminuye el riesgo de enfermedades cardíacas(en un 20%)
"reduce speed now" → disminuya la velocidad

2. (= cut price of) [+ goods] → rebajar

3. (= make smaller) [+ drawing] → reducir (Med) [+ swelling] → bajar (Culin) [+ sauce] → reducir

4. (= bring to specified state) to reduce sb to despair → llevar a algn a la desesperación
to reduce sb to tears → hacer llorar a algn
to be reduced to penury → estar sumido en la miseria
to reduce sth to ashes/rubble → reducir algo a cenizas/escombros
to reduce sb to silence → hacer callar a algn
we were reduced to begging on the streets → nos vimos obligados a mendigar por las calles
see also minimum

5. (= capture, subjugate) → tomar, conquistar

6. (Mil) (= demote) → degradar
to reduce sb to the ranks → degradar a algn a soldado raso

7. (= simplify) → reducir
to reduce an argument to its simplest form → reducir un argumento a su esencia

8. (Math) [+ equation, expression] → reducir

9. (Chem) → reducir

B. VI

1. (= decrease) → reducirse, disminuir

2. (Culin) → espesarse

3. (= slim) → adelgazar

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reduce [rɪˈdjuːs] vt

[amount, number, volume, costs, demand] → réduire; [+ risk, stress] → réduire; [+ level, scale, time, temperature, heat] → réduire; [+ emissions, pollution] → réduire
at a reduced price → à prix réduit
to reduce sth from ... to ...
The work-force was reduced from 13,000 to 7,500 → Les effectifs ont été réduits pour passer de 13000 à 7500 employés.
to reduce sth by 10% → réduire qch de 10%
"reduce speed now" → "ralentir"

to be reduced to sth [person] → être réduit(e) à qch
They were reduced to extreme poverty → Ils ont été réduits à la misère.
to be reduced to doing sth → en être réduit(e) à faire qch
He was reduced to begging for a living → Il en a été réduit à mendier pour survivre.
to reduce sb to tears → faire pleurer qn
to reduce sb to silence → réduire qn au silence

to be reduced to sth [+ dust, pieces, ashes] → être réduit(e) en qch
All the buildings have been reduced to rubble
BUT Tous les bâtiments ont été complètement détruits.

(COOKERY) [+ sauce] → réduire, faire réduire
to reduce sth to a syrup → réduire qch jusqu'à obtenir un sirop, faire réduire qch jusqu'à obtenir un sirop

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reduce

vt

pressure, weight, swelling, risk, chances → verringern, reduzieren; speed → reduzieren, verlangsamen; authority → schwächen; (= lower) standards, temperatures → herabsetzen, reduzieren; prices → ermäßigen, herabsetzen, reduzieren; taxes, costs → senken; expenses, wages → kürzen; value → mindern; (= shorten) → verkürzen; (in size) width, staff, drawing, photo → verkleinern, reduzieren; scale of operations → einschränken; output → drosseln, reduzieren; (Cook) sauce → einkochen lassen; to reduce one’s weight → abnehmen; to reduce the strength of a solution → eine Lösung abschwächen; to reduce speed (Mot) → langsamer fahren; “reduce speed now” (Mot) → ˜ langsam; the facts may all be reduced to four main headings → die Tatsachen können alle auf vier Hauptpunkte reduziert werden; to be reducing (= losing weight) → eine Schlankheitskur machen

(in price) goods, item → heruntersetzen, herabsetzen

(= change the form of, Chem) → reduzieren; (Math) → zerlegen (→ to in +acc); to reduce something to a powder → etw pulverisieren; to reduce something to its parts → etw in seine Einzelteile zerlegen; to reduce something to a common denominator (Math, fig) → etw auf einen gemeinsamen Nenner bringen; to reduce an argument to a matter of principle → aus einem Argument eine Frage des Prinzips machen; it has been reduced to a mere … → es ist jetzt nur noch ein …; it has been reduced to nothing → es ist zu nichts zusammengeschmolzen; he’s reduced to a skeleton → er ist zum Skelett abgemagert; to reduce somebody to silence/despair/tears → jdn zum Schweigen/zur Verzweiflung/zum Weinen bringen; to reduce somebody to begging/to slavery → jdn zum Betteln/zur Sklaverei zwingen; are we reduced to this! → so weit ist es also gekommen!; to be reduced to submission → aufgeben müssen

(Med) joint → wieder einrenken

vi (esp US: = slim) → abnehmen; to be reducing → eine Schlankheitskur machen

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reduce [rɪˈdjuːs]

1. vt

a. (gen) → ridurre; (prices, taxes) → abbassare, ridurre, diminuire; (speed, voltage, expenses) (Med) (swelling) → ridurre, diminuire; (temperature) → far diminuire, far scendere
to reduce sth by/to → ridurre qc di/a
"reduce speed now" (Aut) → "rallentare"
to reduce sth to ashes → ridurre qc in cenere
to reduce sb to silence/despair/tears → ridurre qn al silenzio/alla disperazione/in lacrime
we were reduced to begging → eravamo ridotti all'elemosina
reduced to nothing → ridotto/a a zero

b. (Mil) to reduce sb to the ranks → degradare qn a soldato semplice

2. vi (slim) → dimagrire

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reduce

v reduce [rəˈdjuːs]

1 to make less, smaller etc The shop reduced its prices; The train reduced speed. verminder يُقَلِّل намалявам snížit reducere; nedsætte herabsetzen μειώνω, ελαττώνω reducir vähendama کاهش دادن؛ پایین آوردن alentaa réduire לְהַקטִין घटाना reducirati, smanjiti csökkent menurunkan minnka, lækka ridurre 縮小する 줄이다 sumažinti samazināt; pazemināt mengurangkan verminderen sette ned, redusere obniżyć, zmniejszyć reduzir a reduce снижать znížiť zmanjšati smanjiti reducera, minska, sänka ทำให้เล็กลง azaltmak 減少，縮小 зменшувати, знижувати گھٹانا یا گھٹنا giảm 减少，减小

2 to lose weight by dieting I must reduce to get into that dress. verloor يُخَفِّف الوَزن отслабвам zhubnout tabe i vægt abnehmen αδυνατίζω adelgazar, perder peso kaalust alla võtma لاغر شدن؛ وزن کم کردن laihduttaa maigrir לְהוֹרִיד वजन कम करना smršaviti (le)fogy mengurangi berat badan grennast dimagrire 減量する 감량하다 suliesėti novājēt (ar diētas palīdzību) mengurangkan berat badan vermageren slanke seg, ta av schudnąć fazer dieta a face cură de slăbire худеть schudnúť shujšati smršati gå ner i vikt ลดน้ำหนักลง zayıflamak 節食減重 схуднути وزن گھٹانا giảm cân bằng cách ăn kiêng 减肥

3 to drive, or put, into a particular (bad) state The bombs reduced the city to ruins; She was so angry, she was almost reduced to tears; During the famine, many people were reduced to eating grass and leaves. genoop يَسْحَق، يوقِعُ في البُؤْس свеждам proměnit; přimět forvandle; få til at briste i gråd; tvinge verwandeln, zwingen φέρνω, καταντώ reducir (a) (teatud olukorda) viima, sundima تبدیل کردن ajaa jhnk tilaan réduire (en/à) לְהַבִיאוֹ לִידֵי- खराब स्थिति में ले आना natjerati, prisiliti (vmilyen állapotba hoz) memerosotkan, menjadi(kan) koma/setja í slæmt ástand ridurre ～にする (어떤 상태로) 만들다 paversti, privesti, priversti novests līdz asarām menjadikan brengen tot slå sønder og sammen, knuse; redusere zredukować, doprowadzić reduzir a reduce (la); a obliga (să) превращать;доводить zmeniť; (do)nútiť pritirati (do) naterati na tvinga, hänvisa, försätta, förvandla บังคับ ... hâle getirmek/sokmak/düşürmek 使陷於(不利的狀態) перетворювати کمتر حالت میں لانا làm cho 使处于（某种特殊状态）

adj reˈducible

nopend يُمْكِن تَحْويلُه أو تَخْفيضُه съкратим redukovatelný reducerbar herabsetzbar ελαττώσιμος reducible vähendatav ساده شدنی؛ تقلیل پذیر pelkistettävissä oleva réductible נִיתָן לְצִמצוּם बदलने योग्य, रूपांतरित होने योग्य koji se dade reducirati, rastavljiv csökkenthető bisa dikurangi minnkanlegur, smækkanlegur riducibile 減らせる 축소할 수 있는 galimas sumažinti samazināms; pazemināms boleh dikurangkan reduceerbaar reduserbar dający się zredukować reduzível reductibil допускаемый снижение; приводимый redukovateľný skrčljiv koji se može smanjiti som kan reduceras ซึ่งถูกพิจารณาในรูปบางสิ่ง azaltılabilir 可減少的，可縮小的 такий, що можна зменшити تخفیف کے قابل có thể giảm bớt 可减小的

n reˈduction [-ˈdak-]

The government promised a reduction in prices later; price reductions. verlaging تَخْفيض намаление snížení reduktion; -reduktion; nedsættelse; -nedsættelse die Herabsetzung μείωση, έκπτωση reducción alandamine کاهش alennus réduction יְרִידָה कटौती smanjenje leszállítás, csökkentés penurunan lækkun riduzione 縮小 축소 sumažinimas, nuolaida pazeminājums; atlaide pengurangan verlaging nedskjæring, reduksjon obniżka redução reducere снижение zníženie zmanjšanje smanjenje reducering, minskning, sänkning การลดลง indirim 減少 зниження; зменшення تخفیف sự cắt giảm 减小

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reduce → يُخَفِض snížit reducere reduzieren ελαττώνω reducir vähentää réduire smanjiti ridurre 減らす 축소하다 verminderen redusere zmniejszyć reduzir сокращать minska ทำให้ลดลง azaltmak giảm 减少