ground (redirected from breaking new ground)

ground ¹  (ground)

n.

1.

a. The solid surface of the earth.

b. The floor of a body of water, especially the sea.

2. Soil; earth: level the ground for a lawn.

3. An area of land designated for a particular purpose. Often used in the plural: a burial ground; parade grounds.

4. The land surrounding or forming part of a house or another building. Often used in the plural: a guesthouse on the grounds of the mansion.

5. An area or a position that is contested in or as if in battle: The soldiers held their ground against the enemy. Character witnesses helped the defendant stand her ground in the trial.

6. Something that serves as a foundation or means of attachment for something else: a ground of white paint under the mural.

7. A surrounding area; a background.

8. The foundation for an argument, a belief, or an action; a basis. Often used in the plural.

9. The underlying condition prompting an action; a cause. Often used in the plural: grounds for suspicion; a ground for divorce. See Synonyms at base¹.

10. An area of reference or discussion; a subject: The professor covered new ground in every lecture.

11. grounds The sediment at or from the bottom of a liquid: coffee grounds.

12. Electricity

a. A large conducting body, such as the earth or an electric circuit connected to the earth, used as an arbitrary zero of potential.

b. A conducting object, such as a wire, that is connected to such a position of zero potential.

v. ground·ed, ground·ing, grounds

v.tr.

1. To place on or cause to touch the ground.

2. To provide a basis for (a theory, for example); justify.

3. To supply with basic information; instruct in fundamentals.

4.

a. To prevent (an aircraft or a pilot) from flying.

b. Informal To restrict (someone) especially to a certain place as a punishment.

5. Electricity To connect (an electric circuit) to a ground.

6. Nautical To run (a vessel) aground.

7.

a. Baseball To hit (a ball) onto the ground.

b. Football To throw (a ball) to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage.

v.intr.

1. To touch or reach the ground.

2. Baseball To hit a ground ball: grounded to the second baseman.

3. Nautical To run aground.

Phrasal Verb:

ground out Baseball

To be put out by hitting a ground ball that is fielded and thrown to first base.

Idioms:

drive/run into the ground

To belabor (an issue or a subject).

from the ground up

From the most basic level to the highest level; completely: designed the house from the ground up; learned the family business from the ground up.

off the ground

Under way, as if in flight: Because of legal difficulties, the construction project never got off the ground.

on (one's) own ground

In a situation where one has knowledge or competence: a sculptor back on her own ground after experiments with painting.

on the ground

At a place that is exciting, interesting, or important.

to ground

1. Into a den or burrow: a fox going to ground.

2. Into hiding.

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[Middle English, from Old English grund.]

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ground ²  (ground)

v.

Past tense and past participle of grind.

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ground¹

n

1. (Earth Sciences / Physical Geography) the land surface

2. earth or soil he dug into the ground outside his house

3. (plural) the land around a dwelling house or other building

4. (sometimes plural) an area of land given over to a purpose football ground burial grounds

5. land having a particular characteristic level ground high ground

6. matter for consideration or debate; field of research or inquiry the lecture was familiar ground to him the report covered a lot of ground

7. a position or viewpoint, as in an argument or controversy (esp in the phrases give ground, hold, stand, or shift one's ground)

8. position or advantage, as in a subject or competition (esp in the phrases gain ground, lose ground, etc.)

9. (often plural) reason; justification grounds for complaint

10. (Fine Arts & Visual Arts / Art Terms) Arts

a.  the prepared surface applied to the support of a painting, such as a wall, canvas, etc., to prevent it reacting with or absorbing the paint

b.  the support of a painting

c.  the background of a painting or main surface against which the other parts of a work of art appear superimposed

11. (Fine Arts & Visual Arts / Art Terms)

a.  the first coat of paint applied to a surface

b.  (as modifier) ground colour

12. (Earth Sciences / Physical Geography) the bottom of a river or the sea

13. (plural) sediment or dregs, esp from coffee

14. (Miscellaneous Technologies / Building) Chiefly Brit the floor of a room

15. (Team Sports / Cricket) Cricket

a.  the area from the popping crease back past the stumps, in which a batsman may legally stand

b.  ground staff

16. (Music, other) See ground bass

17. (Clothing, Personal Arts & Crafts / Textiles) a mesh or network supporting the main pattern of a piece of lace

18. (Physics / General Physics) Electrical the usual US and Canadian word for earth [8]

above ground alive

below ground dead and buried

break new ground to do something that has not been done before

cut the ground from under someone's feet to anticipate someone's action or argument and thus make it irrelevant or meaningless

(down) to the ground Brit informal completely; absolutely it suited him down to the ground

get off the ground Informal to make a beginning, esp one that is successful

go to ground to go into hiding

into the ground beyond what is requisite or can be endured; to exhaustion

meet someone on his own ground to meet someone according to terms he has laid down himself

the (moral) high ground a position of moral or ethical superiority in a dispute

touch ground

a.  (Transport / Nautical Terms) (of a ship) to strike the sea bed

b.  to arrive at something solid or stable after discussing or dealing with topics that are abstract or inconclusive

30. (modifier) situated on, living on, or used on the ground ground frost ground forces

31. (modifier) concerned with or operating on the ground, esp as distinct from in the air ground crew ground hostess

32. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Botany) (modifier) (used in names of plants) low-growing and often trailing or spreading

vb

1. (tr) to put or place on the ground

2. (tr) to instruct in fundamentals

3. (tr) to provide a basis or foundation for; establish

4. (Engineering / Aeronautics) (tr) to confine (an aircraft, pilot, etc.) to the ground

5. (tr) Informal to confine (a child) to the house as a punishment

6. (Engineering / Electrical Engineering) the usual US word for earth [16]

7. (Transport / Nautical Terms) (tr) Nautical to run (a vessel) aground

8. (Fine Arts & Visual Arts / Art Terms) (tr) to cover (a surface) with a preparatory coat of paint

9. (intr) to hit or reach the ground

[Old English grund; related to Old Norse grunn shallow, grunnr, grund plain, Old High German grunt]

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ground²

vb

the past tense and past participle of grind

adj

1. (Engineering / Mechanical Engineering) having the surface finished, thickness reduced, or an edge sharpened by grinding

2. (Engineering / Mechanical Engineering) reduced to fine particles by grinding

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ground  (ground)

1. A connection between an electrical conductor and the Earth. Grounds are used to establish a common zero-voltage reference for electric devices in order to prevent potentially dangerous voltages from arising between them and other objects. Also called earth.

2. The set of shared points in an electrical circuit at which the measured voltage is taken to be zero. The ground is usually connected directly to the power supply and acts as a common "sink" for current flowing through the components in the circuit.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	ground - the solid part of the earth's surface; "the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land"; "the earth shook for several minutes"; "he dropped the logs on the ground" dry land, solid ground, terra firma, earth, land object, physical object - a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow; "it was full of rackets, balls and other objects" archipelago - a group of many islands in a large body of water beachfront - a strip of land running along a beach cape, ness - a strip of land projecting into a body of water coastal plain - a plain adjacent to a coast earth, globe, world - the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on; "the Earth moves around the sun"; "he sailed around the world" floor - the ground on which people and animals move about; "the fire spared the forest floor" foreland - land forming the forward margin of something timberland, woodland, forest, timber - land that is covered with trees and shrubs island - a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water isthmus - a relatively narrow strip of land (with water on both sides) connecting two larger land areas land mass, landmass - a large continuous extent of land mainland - the main land mass of a country or continent; as distinguished from an island or peninsula neck - a narrow elongated projecting strip of land oxbow - the land inside an oxbow bend in a river peninsula - a large mass of land projecting into a body of water champaign, plain, field - extensive tract of level open land; "they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain"; "he longed for the fields of his youth" slash - an open tract of land in a forest that is strewn with debris from logging (or fire or wind) wonderland - a place or scene of great or strange beauty or wonder
	2.	ground - a rational motive for a belief or action; "the reason that war was declared"; "the grounds for their declaration" reason rational motive - a motive that can be defended by reasoning or logical argument occasion - reason; "there was no occasion for complaint" account, score - grounds; "don't do it on my account"; "the paper was rejected on account of its length"; "he tried to blame the victim but his success on that score was doubtful" wherefore, why - the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase `the whys and wherefores'
	3.	ground - the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface; "they dug into the earth outside the church" earth moraine - accumulated earth and stones deposited by a glacier material, stuff - the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object; "coal is a hard black material"; "wheat is the stuff they use to make bread" diatomaceous earth, diatomite, kieselguhr - a light soil consisting of siliceous diatom remains and often used as a filtering material saprolite - a deposit of clay and disintegrating rock that is found in its original place dirt, soil - the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock
	4.	ground - a relation that provides the foundation for something; "they were on a friendly footing"; "he worked on an interim basis" basis, footing foundation - the basis on which something is grounded; "there is little foundation for his objections" common ground - a basis agreed to by all parties for reaching a mutual understanding
	5.	ground - a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle); "they gained ground step by step"; "they fought to regain the lost ground" military position, position - a point occupied by troops for tactical reasons
	6.	ground - the part of a scene (or picture) that lies behind objects in the foreground; "he posed her against a background of rolling hills" background panorama, vista, view, aspect, scene, prospect - the visual percept of a region; "the most desirable feature of the park are the beautiful views"
	7.	ground - material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use); "the land had never been plowed"; "good agricultural soil" land, soil object, physical object - a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow; "it was full of rackets, balls and other objects" badlands - deeply eroded barren land bottomland, bottom - low-lying alluvial land near a river coastland - land in a coastal area ploughland, plowland, tillage, tilled land, cultivated land, farmland, tilth - arable land that is worked by plowing and sowing and raising crops overburden - the surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits permafrost - ground that is permanently frozen polder - low-lying land that has been reclaimed and is protected by dikes (especially in the Netherlands) rangeland - land suitable for grazing livestock scablands - (geology) flat elevated land with poor soil and little vegetation that is scarred by dry channels of glacial origin (especially in eastern Washington) greensward, sod, sward, turf - surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots wetland - a low area where the land is saturated with water
	8.	ground - a relatively homogeneous percept extending back of the figure on which attention is focused percept, perception, perceptual experience - the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept figure - a unitary percept having structure and coherence that is the object of attention and that stands out against a ground
	9.	ground - a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage) earth connecter, connector, connective, connection, connexion - an instrumentality that connects; "he soldered the connection"; "he didn't have the right connector between the amplifier and the speakers" electricity - a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons
	10.	ground - (art) the surface (as a wall or canvas) prepared to take the paint for a painting artistic creation, artistic production, art - the creation of beautiful or significant things; "art does not need to be innovative to be good"; "I was never any good at art"; "he said that architecture is the art of wasting space beautifully" surface - the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary; "there is a special cleaner for these surfaces"; "the cloth had a pattern of red dots on a white surface"
	11.	ground - the first or preliminary coat of paint or size applied to a surface flat coat, primer coat, priming coat, undercoat, priming, primer coat of paint - a layer of paint covering something else couch - a flat coat of paint or varnish used by artists as a primer
Verb	1.	ground - fix firmly and stably; "anchor the lamppost in concrete" anchor fasten, fix, secure - cause to be firmly attached; "fasten the lock onto the door"; "she fixed her gaze on the man"
	2.	ground - confine or restrict to the ground; "After the accident, they grounded the plane and the pilot" restrain, confine, hold - to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement; "This holds the local until the express passengers change trains"; "About a dozen animals were held inside the stockade"; "The illegal immigrants were held at a detention center"; "The terrorists held the journalists for ransom"
	3.	ground - place or put on the ground lay, place, put, set, position, pose - put into a certain place or abstract location; "Put your things here"; "Set the tray down"; "Set the dogs on the scent of the missing children"; "Place emphasis on a certain point"
	4.	ground - instruct someone in the fundamentals of a subject instruct, teach, learn - impart skills or knowledge to; "I taught them French"; "He instructed me in building a boat"
	5.	ground - bring to the ground; "the storm grounded the ship" run aground, strand land - bring ashore; "The drug smugglers landed the heroin on the beach of the island"
	6.	ground - hit or reach the ground run aground arrive at, reach, attain, gain, hit, make - reach a destination, either real or abstract; "We hit Detroit by noon"; "The water reached the doorstep"; "We barely made it to the finish line"; "I have to hit the MAC machine before the weekend starts"
	7.	ground - throw to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage football, football game - any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal ground - hit onto the ground throw - propel through the air; "throw a frisbee"
	8.	ground - hit a groundball; "he grounded to the second baseman" baseball, baseball game - a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of nine players; teams take turns at bat trying to score runs; "he played baseball in high school"; "there was a baseball game on every empty lot"; "there was a desire for National League ball in the area"; "play ball!" hit - cause to move by striking; "hit a ball" ground - hit onto the ground
	9.	ground - hit onto the ground baseball, baseball game - a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of nine players; teams take turns at bat trying to score runs; "he played baseball in high school"; "there was a baseball game on every empty lot"; "there was a desire for National League ball in the area"; "play ball!" hit - cause to move by striking; "hit a ball" ground - hit a groundball; "he grounded to the second baseman" ground - throw to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage
	10.	ground - cover with a primer; apply a primer to undercoat, prime paint - apply paint to; coat with paint; "We painted the rooms yellow"
	11.	ground - connect to a ground; "ground the electrical connections for safety reasons" earth - connect to the earth; "earth the circuit" connect, link, link up, tie - connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces; "Can you connect the two loudspeakers?"; "Tie the ropes together"; "Link arms"
	12.	ground - use as a basis for; found on; "base a claim on some observation" base, found, establish build - found or ground; "build a defense on nothing but the accused person's reputation"

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ground

noun

1. earth, land, dry land, terra firma We slid down the roof and dropped to the ground.

2. soil, earth, dust, mould, dirt, terrain, sod, clod, loam the marshy ground of the river delta

3. land, country, field, turf, terrain, area, tract a stretch of waste ground

4. arena, pitch, stadium, park (informal), field, enclosure the city's football ground

plural noun

1. estate, holding, land, fields, gardens, property, district, territory, domain the palace grounds

2. reason, cause, basis, argument, call, base, occasion, foundation, excuse, premise, motive, justification, rationale, inducement In the interview he gave some grounds for optimism.

3. dregs, lees, deposit, sediment Place the coffee grounds in the bottom and pour hot water over them.

verb

1. base, found, establish, set, settle, fix Her argument was grounded in fact.

2. instruct, train, prepare, coach, teach, inform, initiate, tutor, acquaint with, familiarize with Make sure the children are properly grounded in the basics.

Translations

ground¹ [graʊnd]

A. N

1. (= soil) → tierra f, suelo m

2. (= terrain) → terreno m
high/hilly ground → terreno m alto/montañoso
to break new ground → hacer algo nuevo
common ground → terreno m común
to cover a lot of ground (lit) → recorrer una gran distancia
he covered a lot of ground in his lecture → abarcó mucho en la clase
to be on dangerous ground → entrar en territorio peligroso
to be on firm ground → hablar con conocimiento de causa
to gain ground → ganar terreno
to go to ground [fox] → meterse en su madriguera; [person] → esconderse, refugiarse
to hold one's ground (lit, fig) = to stand one's ground
to be on (one's) home ground → tratar materia que uno conoce a fondo
to lose ground → perder terreno
to run sb to ground → localizar(por fin)a algn, averiguar el paradero de algn
to shift one's ground → cambiar de postura
to stand one's ground (lit) → no ceder terreno (fig) → mantenerse firme
to be on sure ground = to be on firm ground to cut the ground from under sb's feet → quitarle terreno a algn
it suits me down to the ground → me conviene perfectamente, me viene de perilla
see also prepare A

3. (= surface) → suelo m, tierra f
above ground → sobre la tierra
below ground → debajo de la tierra
to fall to the ground (lit) → caerse al suelo (fig) → fracasar
to get off the ground [aircraft] → despegar; [plans etc] → ponerse en marcha
on the ground → en el suelo
see also raze

4. (= pitch) → terreno m, campo m
they won on their own ground → ganaron en su propio terreno
see also parade D
see also recreation

5. (= estate, property) → tierras fpl

6. grounds (= gardens) → jardines mpl, parque msing

7. (Art etc) (= background) → fondo m, trasfondo m
on a blue ground → sobre un fondo azul

8. (US) (Elec) → tierra f

9. (= reason) (usu pl) → razón f, motivo m; (= basis) → fundamento m
grounds for complaint → motivos mpl de queja
what ground(s) do you have for saying so? → ¿en qué se basa para decir eso?
on the ground(s) of → con motivo de ..., por causa de ..., debido a ...
on the ground(s) that → a causa de que ..., por motivo de que ...
on good grounds → con razón
on medical grounds → por razones de salud

B. VT

1. [+ ship] → varar, hacer encallar

2. [+ plane, pilot] → obligar a permanecer en tierra
he ordered the planes to be grounded → ordenó que permaneciesen los aviones en tierra
to be grounded by bad weather → no poder despegar por el mal tiempo

3. (US) (Elec) → conectar con tierra

4. (= teach) to ground sb in maths → enseñar a algn los rudimentos de las matemáticas
to be well grounded in → tener un buen conocimiento de, estar versado en

5. (esp US) [+ student] → encerrar, no dejar salir

C. VI (Naut) → encallar, varar; (lightly) → tocar (on en)

D. CPD ground attack N → ataque m de tierra (Aer) → ataque m a superficie
ground bass N → bajo m rítmico
ground colour N → fondo m, primera capa f
ground control N (Aer) → control m desde tierra
ground crew N (Aer) → personal m de tierra
ground floor N (Brit) → planta f baja
ground-floor flat (Brit) → piso m or (LAm) departamento m de planta baja
he got in on the ground floor → empezó por abajo
ground forces NPL (Mil) → fuerzas fpl de tierra
ground frost N → escarcha f
ground ivy N → hiedra f terrestre
ground level N → nivel m del suelo
ground plan N → plano m, planta f
ground pollution N → contaminación f del suelo
ground rent N (esp Brit) → alquiler m del terreno
ground rules NPL → reglas fpl básicas
we can't change the ground rules at this stage → a estas alturas no podemos cambiar las reglas
ground staff N = ground crew ground wire N (US) → cable m de toma de tierra
Ground Zero N → zona f cero

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ground² [graʊnd]

A. PT & PP of grind

B. ADJ [coffee etc] → molido; [glass] → deslustrado (US) [meat] → picado

C. N grounds [of coffee] → poso msing, sedimento msing

D. CPD ground beef N (US) → picadillo m

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ground [ˈgraʊnd]

pt

pp of grind

n

(= surface of earth) → terre f
on the ground [sit, lie, put] → par terre
We sat on the ground → Nous nous sommes assis par terre.; (as opposed to in the air, on water) → à terre
the facilities on the ground → les installations au sol
to be thin on the ground (British) → être rare, ne pas être nombreux/euse
to throw sth on the ground → jeter qch par terre
to throw sth to the ground → jeter qch par terre
to pick sth up off the ground → ramasser qch par terre
to raze sth to the ground → raser complètement qch
to burn sth to the ground → raser qch par le feu
below ground → sous terre
above ground → en surface
to get off the ground (= get started) → démarrer
to suit sb down to the ground (British) → aller comme un gant à qn
to cover a lot of ground (= cover many topics)
He covered a lot of ground in his lecture → Sa conférence a traité un grand nombre de questions. (= cover in depth)
He covered a lot of ground in his lecture → Sa conférence a traité la question en profondeur.

(= earth) → sol m
The ground's wet → Le sol est mouillé.
to be fertile ground for sb (fig) → être un terrain propice à qn
to be fertile ground for sth (= productive of) → être un terrain propice à qch
to prepare the ground for sth (fig) → préparer le terrain pour qch
to break new ground (fig) → innover
to go to ground (= disappear) → se terrer

(= land) → terrain m
sacred ground → terres fpl sacrées

(= strength) to gain ground → gagner du terrain
to lose ground → perdre du terrain

(= pitch, field) → terrain m
a football ground → un terrain de football parade ground, recreation ground

(= reason) → raison f
We've got grounds for complaint → Nous avons des raisons de nous plaindre.
on that ground (= for that reason) → pour cette raison
on health grounds [retire, resign] → pour des raisons de santé
on humanitarian grounds → pour des raisons humanitaires
grounds for sth [+ divorce, appeal, complaint] → motifs de qch
to give grounds for sth [+ optimism, concern] → donner des raisons de qch
to have grounds for doing sth → avoir des raisons de faire qch
on the grounds of (= because of) → pour raison de
on the grounds that ... (= giving as one's reason that) → en raison du fait que ...

(in contest, discussion, argument) to find the middle ground → trouver le juste milieu
to change one's ground, to shift one's ground → changer son fusil d'épaule
to shift one's ground on sth → changer son fusil d'épaule au sujet de qch
to stand one's ground (against attackers) → tenir bon
to stand one's ground, to hold one's ground (against critics) → être ferme
to hold its ground [theory] → tenir bon
a theory that has held its ground for nearly six decades → une théorie qui tient bon depuis près de soixante ans
to be on safe ground (= secure) → être sur un terrain familier
to be on shaky ground (= vulnerable) → être dans une position délicate
neutral ground → terrain neutre
to meet on neutral ground → se rencontrer en terrain neutre
common ground → terrain d'entente
to find common ground → trouver un terrain d'entente

(US) (also ground wire) → terre f

vt

[+ plane] → empêcher de décoller, retenir au sol
to be grounded by bad weather → être retenu(e) au sol à cause du mauvais temps

[+ child] → empêcher de sortir

(US) (= earth) [+ electrical appliance] → équiper d'une prise de terre, mettre à la terre

vi (ship) → s'échouer

adj

[coffee, spice] → moulu(e)

(US) [meat] → haché(e)

grounds npl

[house, school] → enceinte m

[coffee] → marc m
ground almonds npl → amandes fpl pilées
ground attack n → offensive f terrestre

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ground:

ground advantage

n (Sport) → Platzvorteil m

ground alert

n (Mil) → Alarmbereitschaft f; (Aviat) → Startbereitschaft f

ground attack

n → Bodenangriff m

groundbait

n → Grundköder m

ground bass

n → Grundbass m

ground-breaking

adj → umwälzend; research etc → bahnbrechend

ground coat

n → Grundanstrich m

ground colour, (US) ground color

n → Untergrund m; (= undercoat) → Grundierfarbe f

ground conditions

pl (Sport) → Platzverhältnisse pl

ground control

n (Aviat) → Bodenkontrolle f

ground cover

n (Hort) → Bodenvegetation f

ground crew

n → Bodenpersonal nt

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ground:

ground floor

n → Erdgeschoss nt, → Erdgeschoß nt (Aus); to get in on the ground (fig) → gleich zu Anfang einsteigen (inf)

ground fog

n → Bodennebel m

ground forces

pl (Mil) → Bodentruppen pl, → Landstreitkräfte pl

ground frost

n → Bodenfrost m

groundhog

n (US) → Waldmurmeltier nt

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ground:

ground ivy

n → Gundelrebe f, → Gundermann m

groundkeeper

n (US) = groundsman

ground-launched

adj missile → bodengestützt

groundless

adj → grundlos, unbegründet

ground level

n → Boden m; below ground → unter dem Boden

ground note

n (Mus) → Grundton m

groundnut

n → Erdnuss f

ground pass

n (Sport) → Flachpass m

ground plan

n → Grundriss m

ground rent

n → Grundrente f

ground rules

pl → Grundregeln pl

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ground:

groundspeed

n → Bodengeschwindigkeit f

ground squirrel

n → Erdhörnchen nt

ground staff

n (Aviat) → Bodenpersonal nt; (Sport) → Platzwarte pl

ground stroke

n (Tennis) → nicht aus der Luft gespielter Ball

groundswell

n → Dünung f; (fig) → Anschwellen nt, → Zunahme f; there was a growing ground of public opinion against him → die Öffentlichkeit wandte sich zunehmend gegen ihn

ground-to-air missile

n → Boden-Luft-Rakete f

ground-to-ground missile

n → Boden-Boden-Flugkörper m

ground troops

pl (Mil) → Bodentruppen pl

ground water

n → Grundwasser nt

groundwire

n (US Elec) → Erdleitung f

groundwork

n → Vorarbeit f; to do the ground for something → die Vorarbeit für etw leisten

ground zero

n

(of atomic bomb) → Bodennullpunkt m

(fig) → absoluter Nullpunkt; to start at ground → bei null anfangen

(Hist) Ground Zero Gelände, auf dem am 11. September 2001 das World Trade Center in New York City einstürzte

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ground¹

n

(= soil, terrain, fig) → Boden m; snow on high ground → Schnee in höheren Lagen; hilly ground → hügeliges Gelände; how much ground do you own? → wie viel Grund und Boden or wie viel Land besitzen Sie?; the middle ground of politics → die politische Mitte; there is common ground between us → uns verbindet einiges; they found common ground in the fact that … → die Tatsache, dass …, verband sie; to be on dangerous ground (fig) → sich auf gefährlichem Boden bewegen; to be on firm or sure ground → festen or sicheren Boden unter den Füßen haben; (fig) → sich auf sicherem Boden bewegen; on familiar ground → auf vertrautem Boden; to meet somebody on his own ground → zu jdm kommen; to be beaten on one’s own ground → auf dem eigenen Gebiet geschlagen werden; to cut the ground from under somebody or somebody’s feet → jdm den Boden unter den Füßen wegziehen; to gain/lose ground → Boden gewinnen/verlieren; (disease, rumour) → um sich greifen/im Schwinden begriffen sein; to lose ground to somebody/something → gegenüber jdm/etw an Boden verlieren; to give ground to somebody/something → vor jdm/etw zurückweichen; to regain the ground lost to somebody → seine Position jdm gegenüber zurückerobern; to break new ground (lit, fig) → neue Gebiete erschließen; (person) → sich auf ein neues or unbekanntes Gebiet begeben; to prepare the ground for something → den Boden für etw vorbereiten; to go over the ground (fig) → alles durchgehen; to cover the/a lot of ground (lit) → die Strecke/eine weite Strecke zurücklegen; (fig) → das Thema/eine Menge Dinge behandeln; that covers the ground → das umreißt das Thema; to hold or stand one’s ground (lit) → nicht von der Stelle weichen; (fig) → seinen Mann stehen, sich nicht unterkriegen lassen; to shift or change one’s ground (fig) → seine Haltung ändern ? foot N b

(= surface) → Boden m; above/below ground → über/unter der Erde; (Min) → über/unter Tage; (fig) → unter den Lebenden/unter der Erde; to fall to the ground (lit) → zu Boden fallen; (fig, plans) → ins Wasser fallen, sich zerschlagen; to sit on the ground → auf der Erde or dem Boden sitzen; our hopes were dashed to the ground → unsere Hoffnungen wurden am Boden zerstört; to burn something to the ground → etw niederbrennen; to raze something to the ground → etw dem Erdboden gleichmachen; it suits me down to the ground → das ist ideal für mich; to get off the ground (plane etc) → abheben; (fig: plans, project etc) → sich realisieren; to go to ground (fox) → im Bau verschwinden; (person) → untertauchen (inf); to run a fox to ground → einen Fuchs aufstöbern; to run somebody/something to ground → jdn/etw aufstöbern, jdn/etw ausfindig machen; to run somebody/oneself into the ground (inf) → jdn/sich selbst fertigmachen (inf); to run a car into the ground (inf) → ein Auto schrottreif fahren

(= pitch) → Feld nt, → Platz m; (= parade ground, drill ground) → Platz m; hunting grounds → Jagdgebiete pl; fishing grounds → Fischgründe pl

grounds pl (= premises, land) → Gelände nt; (= gardens) → Anlagen pl; a house standing in its own grounds → ein von Anlagen umgebenes Haus

grounds pl (= sediment) → Satz m; let the coffee grounds settle → warten Sie, bis sich der Kaffee gesetzt hat

(= background) → Grund m; on a blue ground → auf blauem Grund

(US Elec) → Erde f

(= sea-bed) → Grund m

(= reason) → Grund m; to have ground(s) for something → Grund zu etw haben; to be ground(s) for something → Grund für or zu etw sein; to give somebody ground(s) for something → jdm Grund zu etw geben; grounds for divorce → Scheidungsgrund m; grounds for dismissal → Entlassungsgrund m → /-gründe pl; grounds for suspicion → Verdachtsmomente pl; on the grounds of… → aufgrund … (gen), → auf Grund … (gen), → aufgrund or auf Grund von …; on the grounds that … → mit der Begründung, dass …; on health grounds → aus gesundheitlichen Gründen

vt

ship → auflaufen lassen, auf Grund setzen; to be grounded → aufgelaufen sein

(Aviat) plane (for mechanical reasons) → aus dem Verkehr ziehen; pilot → sperren, nicht fliegen lassen; to be grounded by bad weather/a strike → wegen schlechten Wetters/eines Streiks nicht starten or fliegen können

(= punish) child → Hausarrest erteilen (+dat); she was grounded for a week → sie hatte eine Woche Hausarrest

(US Elec) → erden

(= base) to be grounded on something → sich auf etw (acc) → gründen, auf etw (dat) → basieren; the story wasn’t grounded in reality → die Geschichte hatte keinen Bezug zur Wirklichkeit

to ground somebody in a subject → jdm die Grundlagen eines Faches beibringen; to be well grounded in English → gute Grundkenntnisse im Englischen haben

vi (Naut) → auflaufen

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ground² pret, ptp of grind

adj glass → matt; coffee → gemahlen; ground rice → Reismehl nt; freshly ground black pepper → frisch gemahlener schwarzer Pfeffer; ground meat (US) → Hackfleisch nt

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ground¹ [graʊnd]

1. n

a. (soil) → terra, suolo, terreno

b. (terrain) → terreno
high ground → altura
hilly ground → zona collinosa
to gain/lose ground → guadagnare/perdere terreno
to be on dangerous ground → muoversi su un terreno minato
it suits me down to the ground → mi sta or va benissimo
to cut the ground from under sb's feet → tagliare le gambe a qn

c. (surface) → terra; (background) → terreno, sfondo
on the ground → per terra, a terra
above ground → in superficie
below ground → sottoterra
to fall to the ground → cadere a or per terra or al suolo (fig) → andare in fumo
to get off the ground (aircraft) → decollare (plans) → prendere il via
to stand one's ground → mantenere le proprie posizioni
he covered a lot of ground in his lecture → ha toccato molti argomenti nel corso della conferenza

d. (Sport) → campo (also football ground) → campo di calcio grounds npl (gardens) → giardini mpl

e. grounds npl (of coffee) → fondi mpl (di caffè)

f. (Am) (Elec) (also ground wire) → (presa a) terra

g. (reason, usu pl) → ragione f, motivo
on medical grounds → per motivi di salute
grounds for complaint → motivo or ragione di lamentarsi
on the ground(s) that → per il motivo che

2. vt

a. (plane, pilot) → bloccare a terra; (ship) → far incagliare

b. (argument, hope) → basare

c. (Am) (Elec) → mettere a terra

3. vi (Naut) → incagliarsi, arenarsi

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ground² [graʊnd]

1. pt, pp of grind

2. adj (coffee, pepper) → macinato/a
ground glass → vetro smerigliato
ground rice → farina di riso

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ground grind

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ground²

n ground [graund]

1 the solid surface of the Earth lying on the ground; high ground. grond أرْض земя země landjord; jord der (Erd)Boden έδαφος suelo maapind زمین maa sol קַרקָע, אֲדָמָה, הָאָרֶץ जमीन tlo, zemlja föld tanah jörð, grund terra, suolo 地面 땅, 지면 žemė zeme; augsne tanah grond, bodem bakke, jord, grunn, terreng ziemia solo sol, pă­mânt земля zem zemlja, tla zemlja mark, marken ผิวดิน yer, toprak, zemin 地面 ґрунт; земля سطح زمین mặt đất 地面

2 a piece of land used for some purpose a football ground. veld مَلْعَب място pozemek; hriště område: -område das Gebiet γήπεδο terreno, campo väljak زمین kenttä terrain מִגרָש मैदान teren terület lapangan (fótbolta)völlur terreno, campo ～場 장소, 장 aikštė futbola laukums padang terrein plass, –bane, –terreng teren campo teren площадка pozemok; ihrisko zemljišče teren plan, plats, anläggning พื้นที่ที่ใช้เพื่อจุดประสงค์บางอย่าง saha, alan, meydan ...場 ділянка землі کسی خاص مقصد کے لیے مخصوص کیا ہوا قطعئہ زمین một khoảng đất ...场

v

1 to base His argument is grounded on a series of wrong assumptions. grond يقومُ عَلى، يَتَأسَّس основан založit begrunde stützen βασίζω basarse, fundarse põhinema پایه قرار دادن perustaa fonder לְבַסֵס धरती या आधार पर रखना temeljiti se alapoz berdasarkan grundvalla (á) basare 基づかせる ...에 기초하다 paremti, grįsti pamatot berasaskan baseren op basere på, begrunne med opierać się basear a se baza pe обосновывать založiť, podložiť temeljiti zasnovati grunda, bygga, basera วางรากฐาน dayandırmak 基於 ґрунтуватися مبنی کرنا، موقوف کرنا dựa vào 基于

2 to (cause a ship to) hit the seabed or shore and remain stuck. strand يَرْتَطِم المَرْكَب في القاع засядам за кораб uváznout gå på grund stranden πέφτω, ρίχνω έξω ή σε ξέρα (για πλοίο) encallar madalikule ajama v. sattuma به گل نشاندن ajaa matalikolle (faire) s'échouer לְהַעֲלוֹת עַל שִׂרטוֹן भूमि पर उतरना nasukati se megfeneklik mengandaskan stranda fare arenare*, incagliare 座礁させる 좌초시키다 užplaukti/užplukdyti ant seklumos uzskriet uz sēkļa terkandas stranden, aan de grond lopen grunnstøte, sette på grunn osadzać/osiąść na mieliźnie encalhar a avea le­gă­­tură la pământ садиться на мель uviaznuť nasesti nasukati sätta [] på grund (เรือ) ติดหล่ม karaya oturtmak (使)擱淺 наскочити на мілину جہاز کا سمندر کے تہ پر اٹک جانا mắc cạn 使搁浅

3 to prevent (an aeroplane, pilot) from flying All planes have been grounded because of the fog. belet om te vlieg يَمنَع الطائِرَه من الطَّيَران спирам zakázat vzlet holde på jorden Startverbot erteilen καθηλώνω, ακινητοποιώ obligar a quedarse en tierra tõusmast takistama متوقف کردن määrätä lentokieltoon interdire de vol לְקַרקֵע आधारित करना ne poletjeti felszállást lehetetlenné tesz mencegah terbang setja í flugbann restare a terra 離陸させない 이륙을 방해하다 neleisti pakilti į orą (par lidmašīnu, pilotu) aizliegt startēt tidak membenarkan kapal terbang membuat penerbangan aan de grond houde gi startforbud unieruchomić na ziemi reter em terra a eşua запрещать полёты zakázať štart ne dovoliti, da vzleti (letalo) prizemljiti hålla kvar på marken, utfärda flygförbud (startförbud) จอด uçmasına izin vermemek 使停飛 заставити приземлитися ہوائی جہاز کے اڑنے میں رکاوٹ ہونا không cất cánh 使停飞

n grounding

the teaching of the basic facts of a subject a good grounding in mathematics. basis, grondslag تأسيس، تعليم الأسُس основа vyučování základům grundviden der Anfangsunterricht βάσεις, βασικές γνώσεις base, conocimientos algõpetus آموزش اصول و مبانی perustiedot enseignement des bases d'un sujet הוראת היסודות नींव, बुनियाद temelj, osnova alap(ozás) pengajaran dasar grunnur, kennsla fondamenti 基礎訓練 기초 지식 pagrindai pamatu apgūšana; priekšzināšanas asas basisvorming grunnlag podstawy base cunoaştere a noţiunilor elemen­tare основы; подготовка základy osnovno znanje, podlaga osnov grund[] ให้ความรู้พื้นฐาน temel eğitim/öğretim 基礎訓練 засвоєння основ بنیادی اصولوں سے واقفیت dạy cơ bản 基础训练

adj groundless

without reason Your fears are groundless. ongegronde لا أساس لَه، غير مُبَرَّر، بدون سبب неоснователен bezdůvodný grundløs grundlos αβάσιμος infundado, sin fundamentos alusetu بی دلیل perätön sans fondement חסר יסוד निराधार bezrazložan, neutemeljen alaptalan tanpa alasan ástæðulaus infondato 根拠のない 근거 없는 be pagrindo, nepagrįstas nepamatots tidak berasas ongegrond ubegrunnet, grunnløs bezzasadny infundamentado fără motiv необоснованный bezdôvodný neutemeljen neosnovan grundlös ซึ่งไม่มีเหตุผล nedensiz, asılsız, temelsiz 沒有理由的，毫無根據的 безпричинний; безпідставний بلا سبب không có cơ sở 无理由的

n pl grounds

1 the garden or land round a large house etc the castle grounds. gronde, terrein الأرض أو الحديقَه المحيطة بالحِصن двор park(y), pozemky park; haveanlæg die Anlagen (pl.) κτήμα γύρω από μεγάλη κατοικία terreno, jardines krunt محوطه pihamaa parc שטח, חצר स्थल teren kert, park halaman lóð(ir) giardino, parco 庭園 땅, 정원 teritorija parks; dārzs; teritorija perkarangan park, terrein park-/hageanlegg tereny terrenos parc сад, земли pozemky; park park teren område, tomt, mark, parkanläggningar สนาม arazi, bahçe 庭園；空地 сад, парк біля дому کسی مکان کے ارد گرد باغ اور قطعئہ زمین đất đai vườn tược 庭园；场地

2 good reasons Have you any grounds for calling him a liar? redes أسباب جيده позиция důvody god grund der Grund λόγος razones, motivos alus دلیل موجه peruste motif בסיס मिटृटी utemeljen razlog ok alasan ástæður motivi 根拠 근거 pamatas, pagrindas pamats; iemesls alasan kukuh gronden, redenen gode grunner, grunnlag podstawy fundamentos motiv основание dôvod(y) razlog osnov grund, orsak เหตุผล gerekçe, neden 合理的理由 підстави کوئی معقول سبب lý do; lý lẽ 理由

3 the powder which remains in a cup (eg of coffee) which one has drunk coffee grounds. besinksel, moer ثُفْل утайка sedlina grums der Kaffeesatz κατακάθι poso, posos pära ته نشست poro marc (de café) משקע मैदान talog zacc bubuk korgur fondi かす 찌꺼기 tirščiai (kafijas u.tml.) biezumi keladak koffiedik grut, grums fusy borra zaţ гуща usadenina usedlina talog bottensats, sump ฐาน telve 殘渣 осад, гуща چاۓ ، کافی وغیرہ پینے کے بعد بچا پاؤڈر cặn; bã 渣滓

groundnut, peanut

n groundwork

work done in preparation for beginning a project etc. voorbereidings, grondwerk الأعمال التَّحضيريَه основа podklady grundlag; fundament das Fundament προκαταρκτική εργασία trabajo preparatorio/preliminar, bases del trabajo eeltöö اقدامات اولیه pohjatyö travail préparatoire עבודת יסוד बुनियादी काम priprema za posao alap(ozás) persiapan undirbúningsvinna basi, fondamenti 基礎 기초 parengiamieji darbai sagatavošanas darbs persediaan asas grondslag grunnarbeid, fundament prace wstępne alicerce fundaţie; bază подготовительная работа prípravné práce pripravljalno delo podloga grundläggande (förberedande) arbete พื้นฐาน hazırlık (çalışması) 基礎工作 фундамент, основа کسی کام کی استعداد công việc chuẩn bị cơ bản 基础

break new ground

to deal with a subject for the first time. aanvoor, pionierswerk doen يَشُق طَريقا جَديداً срещам за първи път проблем vkročit na neobdělanou půdu være banebrydende neue Gebiete erschließen καινοτομώ abrir nuevos caminos/horizontes teed rajama ابداع کردن؛ کار تازه ای را آغاز کردن olla uranuurtaja innover לפרוץ דרך नई चीज के साथ काम करना probiti led úttörőmunkát végez memulai byrja á nÿju verkefni essere un pioniere 新生面を開く 신천지를 개척하다 praskinti naujus kelius sākt strādāt pie kaut kā jauna membuat penemuan baru nieuw terrein betreden, pionierswerk verrichten gjøre en banebrytende innsats być w czymś pionierem abrir caminho a inova начинать новое дело urobiť prvé kroky orati ledino probiti led bryta ny mark, vara banbrytande แหวกแนว bir konuya ilk kez eğilmek 開創新局面 прокладати нові шляхи کسی موضوع سے پہلی بار دو چار ہونا gặp một vấn đề mới 开辟新天地

cover ground

to deal with a certain amount of work etc We've covered a lot of ground at this morning's meeting. veel verrig kry, veel omvat يُعالِج كَمِّية كَبيرَة من العَمَل норма udělat kus práce nå en masse vorwärtskommen αντιμετωπίζω ένα κομμάτι της δουλειάς tratar de cierto aspecto, abarcar edasi jõudma تا حدی پیشرفت کردن käsitellä asioita faire du bon travail התקדם बहुत सारे मामलों से निबट लेना obaviti dio posla sok témát ölel fel mengerjakan komast yfir (mikið) efni (fare strada), (trattare molti argomenti) はかどる (어떤) 범위를 다루다 atlikti tam tikrą darbo dalį aptvert zināmu darba daļu banyak perkara vooruitkomen tilbakelegge, nå langt osiągnąć postęp caminhar a face treabă bună заметно продвинуться вперёд urobiť kus práce opraviti določeno delo završiti dosta posla avverka, hinna รับมือกับงานจำนวนมาก yol katetmek, ilerleme kaydetmek 處理一定量的工作 охоплювати کام کی کوئی مخصوص مقدار مکمل کرنا đề cập nhiều vấn đề 涉及

get (something) off the ground

to get (a project etc) started. op dreef kom يَبدأ المَشْروع започвам spustit, rozjet ud af starthullerne in Gang setzen ξεκινώ poner en marcha, ponerse manos a la obra, despegar, iniciar (millegagi) algust tegema آغاز کردن saada käyntiin faire démarrer (qqch.) להצליח להמריא सफल उद्घाटन करना započeti nešto elindít, beindít memulai koma (e-u) af stað iniziare 発足させる 시작하다 pajudėti uzsākt (projektu u.tml.) mula bergerak op gang brengen komme i gang (med) ruszyć (z czymś) iniciar a face să demareze (un proiect) положить начало чему-л. rozbehnúť pognati v tek započeti komma i gång เข้าใจ başlatmak 讓(專案等)開始 успішно розпочати якусь справу کوئی کام شروع کرنا đạt được bước khởi đầu có kết quả 使开始

hold one's ground

to refuse to move back or retreat when attacked Although many were killed, the soldiers held their ground. vasstaan لا يَتَزَعْزَع، لا يستَسْلِم، لا يَتَراجَع задържам позиция stát pevně, neustoupit holde stand; stå fast standhalten μένω ακλόνητος στις θέσεις μου mantenerse firme kohale jääma استقامت کردن pitää asemat tenir bon להחזיק מעמד हमले को नाकाम करना držati svoju poziciju állja a sarat bertahan halda velli, láta ekki undan síga non cedere 退かない 요지부동이다 laikytis savo pozicijų neatkāpties no sava; palikt savās pozīcijās tidak berganjak geen terrein prijsgeven, de hakken in het gras zetten holde stillingen/kursen nie ustępować não arredar pé a se menţine pe poziţie не сдавать позиций stáť pevne vztrajati na svojem mestu držati položaj hålla stånd ปฏิเสธที่จะกลับไป boyun eğmemek, direnmek 堅守陣地 утримувати свої позиції پیچھے نہیں ہٹنا، ڈٹے رہنا không chịu khuất phục 坚守阵地

lose ground

to (be forced to) move back or retreat The general sent in reinforcements when he saw that his troops were losing ground. veld verloor يَتَراجَع، يَنْسَحِب отстъпвам ztrácet pozici tabe terræn an Boden verlieren χάνω έδαφος, υποχωρώ perder terreno taganema پس روی کردن menettää asemat perdre du terrain לסגת पीछे हटना povlačiti se hátrál, tért veszt mundur hörfa undan perdere terreno 退却する 후퇴하다 trauktis atkāpties; zaudēt ietekmi ketinggalan standhouden tape terreng, vike (for) wycofywać ceder terreno a pierde teren сдавать позиции strácať pôdu pod nohami umikati se povlačiti se förlora terräng, bli tillbakapressad ยอมจำนนกับ geri çekilmek (被破)撤退 відступати پیچھے ہٹنے پر مجبور کیا جانا rút lui 退却

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ground → سَطح الأرض, يَضع على الأرض nemít povolený start, země holde på jorden, jord auf Grund setzen, Boden έδαφος, προσγειώνω poner en tierra, terreno maa, määrätä lentokieltoon retenir au sol, sol prizemljiti, tlo bloccare a terra, terreno 地面, 地面に置く 땅, 이륙을 금지하다 aan de grond houden, grond bakke, sette på bakken grunt, oprzeć aterrissar, chão, fazer aterrar земля, приземляться förbjuda att flyga, mark พื้นดิน, ห้ามบิน öğütmek, yer làm không cất cánh được, mặt đất 停飞, 地面