by (redirected from by the by)

by ¹  (b)

prep.

1. Close to; next to: the window by the door.

2. With the use or help of; through: We came by the back road.

3. Up to and beyond; past: We drove by the house.

4. At or to: stopped by the bakery; came by the house.

5. In the period of; during: sleeping by day.

6. Not later than: by 5:30 p.m.

7.

a. In the amount of: letters by the thousands.

b. To the extent of: shorter by two inches.

8.

a. According to: played by the rules.

b. With respect to: siblings by blood.

9. In the name of: swore by the Bible to tell the truth.

10. Through the agency or action of: was killed by a bullet.

11. Used to indicate a succession of specified individuals, groups, or quantities: One by one they left. They were persuaded little by little.

12.

a. Used in multiplication and division: Multiply 4 by 6 to get 24.

b. Used with measurements: a room 12 by 18 feet.

c. Toward. Used to express direction with points of the compass: south by east.

adv.

1. On hand; nearby: Stand by.

2. Aside; away: We put it by for later.

3. Up to, alongside, and past: The car raced by.

4. At or to one's home or current location: Stop by later today.

5. Into the past: as years go by.

Idiom:

by oneself

1. Without company; alone: went by herself.

2. Without help: wrote the book by myself.

---

[Middle English, from Old English b, be; see ambhi in Indo-European roots.]

---

by ²  (b)

n.

Variant of bye¹.

---

by

prep

1. used to indicate the performer of the action of a passive verb: seeds eaten by the birds

2. used to indicate the person responsible for a creative work: three songs by Britten

3. via; through: enter by the back door

4. used to indicate a means used: he frightened her by hiding behind the door

5. beside; next to; near: a tree by the stream

6. passing the position of; past: I drove by the place she works

7. not later than; before: return the books by Tuesday

8. used to indicate extent: it is hotter by five degrees

9. multiplied by: four by three equals twelve

10. during the passing of: by night

11. placed between measurements of the various dimensions of something: a plank fourteen inches by seven

Adverb

1. near: the house is close by

2. away; aside: he put some money by each week

3. passing a point near something; past: he drove by

Noun

pl byes

same as bye¹ [Old English bī]

Thesaurus

Adv.	1.	by - so as to pass a given point; "every hour a train goes past" past
	2.	by - in reserve; not for immediate use; "started setting aside money to buy a car"; "put something by for her old age"; "has a nest egg tucked away for a rainy day" aside, away

---

by

preposition 1. through, under the aegis of, through the agency of

preposition 2. via, over, by way of

preposition 3. near, past, along, close to, closest to, neighbouring, next to, beside, nearest to, adjoining, adjacent to

adverb 4. nearby, close, handy, at hand, within reach by and by presently, shortly, soon, eventually, one day, before long, in a while, anon, in the course of time, erelong (archaic), (poetic)

Translations

by [baɪ] prep 1. (referring to cause, agent) → por; de;

abandoned by his mother → abandonado por su madre;

surrounded by enemies → rodeado de enemigos;

a painting by Picasso → un cuadro de Picasso

2. (referring to method, manner, means): by bus/car/train → en autobús/coche/tren;

to pay by cheque → pagar con cheque(s);

by moonlight/candlelight → a la luz de la luna/una vela;

by saving hard, he ... → ahorrando, ...

3. (= via, through) → por;

we came by Dover → vinimos por Dover

4. (= close to, past): the house by the river → la casa junto al río;

she rushed by me → pasó a mi lado como una exhalación;

I go by the post office every day → paso por delante de Correos todos los días

5. (time) (= not later than); para: (= during): by daylight → de día;

by 4 o'clock → para las cuatro;

by this time tomorrow → mañana a estas horas;

by the time I got here it was too late → cuando llegué ya era demasiado tarde

6. (amount): by the metre/kilo → por metro/kilo;

paid by the hour → pagado por hora

7. (MATH), (measure): to divide/multiply by 3 → dividir/multiplicar por 3;

a room 3 metres by 4 → una habitación de 3 metros por 4;

it's broader by a metre → es un metro más ancho;

the bus missed me by inches → no me pilló el autobús por un pelo

8. (= according to) → según, de acuerdo con;

it's 3 o'clock by my watch → según mi reloj, son las tres;

it's all right by me → por mí, está bien

9. (all) by oneself etc → todo solo;

he did it (all) by himself → lo hizo él solo;

he was standing (all) by himself in a corner → estaba de pie solo en un rincón

10. by the way → a propósito, por cierto;

this wasn't my idea, by the way → pues, no fue idea mía adv

1. see go see pass etc

2. by and by → finalmente;

they'll come back by and by → acabarán volviendo;

by and large → en líneas generales, en general

---

by [baɪ] prep 1. (referring to cause, agent) → par, de;

killed by lightning → tué par la foudre;

surrounded by a fence → entouré d'une barrière;

a painting by Picasso → un tableau de Picasso

2. (referring to method, manner, means);

by bus/car → en autobus/voiture;

by train → par le or en train;

to pay by cheque → payer par chèque;

by moonlight/candlelight → à la lueur de la lune/d'une bougie;

by saving hard, he ... → à force d'économiser, il ...

3. (= via, through) → par;

we came by Dover → nous sommes venus par Douvres

4. (= close to, past) → à côté de;

the house by the school → la maison à côté de l'école;

a holiday by the sea → des vacances au bord de la mer;

she sat by his bed → elle était assise à son chevet;

she went by me → elle est passée à côté de moi;

I go by the post office every day → je passe devant la poste tous les jours

5. (with time) (= not later than); avant: (= during);

by daylight → à la lumière du jour;

by night → la nuit, de nuit;

by 4 o'clock → avant 4 heures;

by this time tomorrow → d'ici demain à la même heure;

by the time I got here it was too late → lorsque je suis arrivé il était déjà trop tard

6. (amount) → à;

by the kilo/metre → au kilo/au mètre;

paid by the hour → payé à l'heure;

to increase etc by the hour → augmenter etc d'heure en heure

7. (Math) (measure);

to divide/multiply by 3 → diviser/multiplier par 3;

a room 3 metres by 4 → une pièce de 3 mètres sur 4;

it's broader by a metre → c'est plus large d'un mètre;

the bullet missed him by inches → la balle est passée à quelques centimètres de lui;

one by one → un à un;

little by little → petit à petit, peu à peu

8. (= according to) → d'après, selon;

it's 3 o'clock by my watch → il est 3 heures à ma montre;

it's all right by me → je n'ai rien contre

9. (all) by oneself etc → tout(e) seul(e) adv

1. see go see pass etc

2. by and by → un peu plus tard, bientôt;

by and large → dans l'ensemble

---

by [baɪ] prep 1. (referring to cause, agent) → von +dat, durch +acc;

killed by lightning → vom Blitz or durch einen Blitz getötet;

a painting by Picasso → ein Bild von Picasso

2. (referring to method, manner, means);

by bus/car/train → mit dem Bus/Auto/Zug;

to pay by cheque → mit or per Scheck bezahlen;

by saving hard, he was able to ... → indem er eisern sparte, konnte er ...

3. (= via, through) → über +acc;

we came by Dover → wir sind über Dover gekommen

4. (= close to) → bei +dat, an +dat;

the house by the river → das Haus am Fluss

5. (= past) → an ... dat vorbei;

she rushed by me → sie eilte an mir vorbei

6. (= not later than) → bis +acc;

by 4 o'clock → bis 4 Uhr;

by this time tomorrow → morgen um diese Zeit

7. (amount);

by the kilo/metre → kilo-/meterweise;

to be paid by the hour → stundenweise bezahlt werden

8. (Math), (measure);

to divide by 3 → durch 3 teilen;

to multiply by 3 → mit 3 malnehmen;

it missed me by inches → es hat mich um Zentimeter verfehlt

9. (= according to);

to play by the rules → sich an die Regeln halten;

it's all right by me → von mir aus ist es in Ordnung

10. (all) by myself/himself etc → (ganz) allein

11. by the way → übrigens adv

1. see go see pass etc

2. by and by → irgendwann

3. by and large → im Großen und Ganzen

---

by [baɪ] prep 1. (referring to cause, agent) → da;

killed by lightning → ucciso da un fulmine;

surrounded by a fence → circondato da uno steccato;

a painting by Picasso → un quadro di Picasso

2. (referring to method, manner, means): by bus/car/train → in autobus/macchina/treno, con l'autobus/la macchina/il treno;

to pay by cheque → pagare con (un) assegno;

by moonlight → al chiaro di luna;

by saving hard, he ... → risparmiando molto, lui ...

3. (= via, through) → per;

we came by Dover → siamo venuti via Dover

4. (= close to, past) → accanto a;

the house by the river → la casa sul fiume;

a holiday by the sea → una vacanza al mare;

she sat by his bed → si sedette accanto al suo letto;

she rushed by me → mi è passata accanto correndo;

I go by the post office every day → passo davanti all'ufficio postale ogni giorno

5. (= not later than) → per, entro;

by 4 o'clock → per or entro le 4;

by this time tomorrow → domani a quest'ora;

by the time I got here it was too late → quando sono arrivato era ormai troppo tardi

6. (= during): by day/night → di giorno/notte

7. (amount) → a;

by the kilo → a chili;

paid by the hour → pagato all'ora;

to increase by the hour → aumentare di ora in ora;

one by one → uno per uno;

little by little → a poco a poco

8. (MATH), (measure): to divide/multiply by 3 → dividere/moltiplicare per 3;

a room 3 metres by 4 → una stanza di 3 metri per 4;

it's broader by a metre → è un metro più largo, è più largo di un metro

9. (= according to) → per;

to play by the rules → attenersi alle regole;

it's all right by me → per me va bene

10. (all) by oneself → (tutto/a) solo/a;

he did it (all) by himself → lo ha fatto (tutto) da solo

11. by the way → a proposito;

this wasn't my idea by the way → tra l'altro l'idea non è stata mia adv

1. see go see pass etc

2. by and by (in past) → poco dopo;

(in future) → fra breve;

by and large → nel complesso

---

by

prep by [bai]

1 next to; near; at the side of by the door; He sat by his sister. by, naby قُرْب، بِجانِب до vedle, u ved siden af bei δίπλα σε junto a juures, kõrval کنار؛ نزدیک luona, vieressä (au)près de עַל-יד, לְיָד पास में, साथ में pokraj közelében di sisi hjá, við hliðina á presso ～のそばに ...옆에 prie, šalia pie; līdzās sebelah bij, naast ved siden av, hos, (like) ved obok, przy perto de lângă, ală­turi de около, рядом, у pri, vedľa poleg, blizu, pri pored vid, bredvid, intill ใกล้ yakında, yanında 在...旁 коло, біля ساتھ ، آگے gần; cạnh 在...旁

2 past going by the house. verby عَبْرَ، ما وَراء край podél forbi vorbei μπροστά από (por) delante mööda آنطرف تر؛ آن سوی ohi (en passant) devant לְיָד, עַל פְּנֵי पास से blizu mellett melewati fram hjá davanti ～を過ぎて ...을 지나서 pro garām melewati voorbij forbi obok perto de pe lângă, prin faţa мимо, вдаль pozdĺž, vedľa mimo pokraj förbi, vid ผ่าน yanından, önünden 經過...旁邊 повз, мимо پاس سے qua 经过...旁边

3 through; along; across We came by the main road. deur, met خِلال، عَن طَريق، عَبْرَ от po, přes ad über μέσω, μέσα από por läbi, kaudu, mööda از طریق؛ از pitkin, kautta par בְאֶמצָעוּת से po keresztül melalui um, eftir per, attraverso ～を通って ...을 따라 pa melalui over, langs gjennom, langs, over, om przez por pe по, через po, cez, krížom po preko längs, utmed, på ทาง ile, yolu ile 沿 через پر سے xuyên qua; dọc theo; ngang qua 沿

4 used (in the passive voice) to show the person or thing which performs an action struck by a stone. met بِواسِطَة от s (čím), pomocí af von από (εισάγει το ποιητικό αίτιο στην παθ. φωνή) por (väljendab tegijat) توسط؛ بوسیلۀ par עַל יְדֵי द्वारा od -val, -vel oleh af e-u/e-m da ～によって (수동태) ...에 의하여 oleh door av (ble truffet av en stein) przez por de (către) от od od strane av โดย tarafından 用（用在被動語態） за допомогою کو bởi 用（用在被动语态）

5 using He's going to contact us by letter; We travelled by train. per باسْتِعْمال чрез s (čím) med mit με (για μεταφορικό μέσο) por, en teel, -ga از طریق؛ با par, en בְאֶמצָעוּת उपयोग कर putem által dengan með per, in ～によって (수단) ...으로 kuria nors priemone (norāda darbības veidu) ar menggunakan per, met med, i przy pomocy, przez por/de prin, cu с, на s, z putem genom, med ด้วย ile, vasıtasıyla 用 з допомогою; по کے استعمال سے ، کے ذریعے bằng 用

6 from; through the means of I met her by chance; by post. per عَن طَريق по díky (čemu); (čím) ved; med durch από, μέσω por tõttu, teel طبق؛ بوسیلۀ par בְּ- से, माध्यम से slučajno vminél fogva secara af, með per ～によって (방법) ...에 의해서 kuriuo nors būdu nejauši; gadījuma pēc secara per ved przez por din, prin по, с, посредством po putem av, per โดย ...ile, vasıtasıyla 通過 за допомогою, шляхом سے từ 通过

7 (of time) not later than by 6 o'clock. teen بِحُلول، ليسَ بَعْد до do senest; inden um έως, μέχρι para hiljemalt پیش از؛ تا قبل از mennessä (...) au plus tard עַד समय do (legkésőbb) -ra, -re pada ekki seinna en per, entro までには ...까지 iki (norāda laiku) līdz tidak lebih daripada tegen seinest, innen do, przed (jakimś momentem) até până la к, до do do do till, senast, strax före ก่อนเวลาที่กำหนด ...-e kadar 不遲于 до وقت تک vào lúc 不迟于

8 during the time of. gedurende خِلالِ الوَقْت през během i während κατά τη διάρκεια de ajal در طول؛ در مدت aikana de בִזְמַן के दौरान za vrijeme alatt selama á meðan di の間に ...동안 laiku, metu laikā pada masa bij i, ved za durante în timpul во время počas med tokom om, under ระหว่าง esnasında, sırasında 在...時候 на کے دوران trong khoảng thời gian 在...时候

9 to the extent of taller by ten centimetres. met بِنِسْبَةِ، بِمَدى، بِدَرَجَة، بِمِقْدار с o med um κατά de, por võrra به اندازۀ؛ به میزان de בְּ- इस हद तक za -val, -vel sebanyak um, en di ～だけ ...만큼 kiek didesnis, mažesnis ir pan. (norāda attiecību starp salīdzināmiem lielumiem) par lebih tien centimeter langer med o em cu на o do, za za med, el oöversatt: tio centimeter längre ขนาด ...-e kadar （表示程度）...左右 на حد تک đến khoảng （表示程度）...左右

10 used to give measurements etc 4 metres by 2 metres. by في ، ضَرْب на na, krát gange mal επί (για μετρήσεις) por korda در kertaa sur עַל माप में उपयोग होता है puta -szor, -szer, -ször kali (perkalian) sinnum per ～を掛けて (치수가) ...인 iš (norāda izmērus) kali bij ganger na por pe, cu на na krat sa gånger ใช้ในการวัด (şu kadar) a (şu kadar metre vb.) （表示面積）乘 у, на پیمائش کے لئے استعمال ہوتا ہے với （表示面积）乘

11 in quantities of fruit sold by the kilo. per حَسَب، لِكُل за po, na pr; -vis (kilo-, etc.)weise με (για ποσότητες) por kaupa با توجه به؛ بر حسب au/à la/aux עַל פִּי मात्रा में po kilóra per eftir, í . . . –tali a, al 単位で ...의 단위로 kilogramais, litrais, metrais ir pan. (norāda svaru, garumu) pa ikut per per/pr., (bunt)vis na a la, cu на, по, в na, po na na per, -vis โดยปริมาณ (bir şey) hesabı ile, ölçüsü ile （表示數量）按 у مقدار میں bằng (số lượng) （表示数量）按

12 in respect of a teacher by profession. met حَسَب по z af von όσον αφορά de -lt, poolest دربارۀ؛ مربوط به de בְּ- के मामले में po tekintve menurut, sebagai að di の点では ...에 관해서는 iš (norāda uz nodarbošanos) pēc melalui van av przez, z de de по z po po till โดย ...- e göre 就...來說 за کے لحاظ سے về 就...来说

adv

1 near They stood by and watched. by بِجانِب، قُرْب наблизо blízko, poblíž nær ved dabei κοντά, παραδίπλα al lado (de) kõrval نزدیک lähellä près, à proximité עַל יַד निकट blizu közel dekat hjá vicino そばに 곁에서 netoliese blakus; netālu dekat erbij (like) ved blisko perto în apropiere рядом vedľa, blízko blizu, zraven sa strane bredvid, intill, i närheten อยู่ใกล้ yakında, yanı başında 在近旁 поблизу, поруч قریب gần 在近旁

2 past A dog ran by. verby عَبْرَ، ما وَراء покрай okolo, tudy forbi vorbei από μπροστά por ahí mööda از کنار ohi par là קָרוֹב भूतकाल pokraj mellett lewat hjá di qui そばを 옆을 지나서 pro šalį garām lalu voorbij forbi obok, niedaleko por aqui prin apropiere мимо okolo, tadiaľ mimo pored förbi ผ่าน yanından, yakınından 經過 повз قریب سے ، پاس سے qua 经过

3 aside; away money put by for an emergency. opsy جانِبا настрани stranou til side beiseite κατά μέρος, σε μια μεριά apartado kõrvale کنار syrjään de côté בַּצָד अलग pored félre disisihkan til hliðar da parte, via わきに 한쪽으로 į šalį blakus; sāņus asingkan opzij til side na bok de lado de o parte на, в сторону bokom poleg, na stran sa strane undan, i reserv สำรอง kenara, bir yana, bir tarafa （擱）在一邊 убік ایک جانب sang một bên （搁）在一边

bygones: let bygones be bygones

to forgive and forget past causes of ill-feeling. wat verby is, gedane sake ما فاتَ ماتَ، عفا الله عَمّا مَضى било що било co bylo, bylo lad gemt være glemt das Vergangene περασμένα ξεχασμένα lo pasado pasado está mis olnud, see olnud گذشته ها mikä on ollutta se on mennyttä il faut le passé oublier מָה שֶהָיָה הָיָה बीता, विगत prošao borítsunk fátylat a múltra masa lalu láta hið liðna vera gleymt cosa passata; metterci una pietra sopra 過ぎたことは水に流す „(속담) 과거의 일은 잊어버리자 kas buvo, tai buvo, pamirškime kas bijis, tas izbijis yang lepas jangan dikenang vergeven en vergeten la gjemt være glemt co było to było, puśćmy w niepamięć (dawne urazy) coisas passadas să tre­cem peste ce a fost что было, то прошло čo bolo, bolo kar je bilo, je bilo ono što je prohujalo det förflutna: glömma gamla oförrätter ให้แล้ว ๆ ไป geçmişi unutalım 過去的 минуле; хто давнє пом'яне, той лиха не мине گزرا ہوا وقت ، گزرے ہوئے لوگ chuyện đã qua 过去的

n bypass

a road which avoids an obstruction or a busy area Take the bypass round the city. ompad, verbypad مَمَر أو طَريق جانِبي околен път objížďka omfartsvej; ringvej die Umleitung παρακαμπτήριος δρόμος variante, desvío ümbersõidutee راه فرعی؛ کمربندی ohikulkutie dérivation מַעֲקָף उपमार्ग, बाईपास prečica kerülő út jalan lingtas hliðarbraut tangenziale, deviazione バイパス aplinkkelis apvedceļš jalan pirau rondweg omkjøringsvei, ringvei objazd variante drum ocolit обходной путь obchádzka obvoz obilaznica förbifartsled, omfartsled ถนนเลี่ยงเมือง çevre yolu 迂回的道路 обхідна, об'їздна дорога مختصر راستہ đường vòng 迂回的道路

v

to avoid (a place) by taking such a road. omloop, vermy يَتَجَنَّب، يَلْتَف، يَدورُ حَوْل заобикалям objet køre udenom umgehen ακολουθώ παρακαμπτήριο δρόμο desviar ringi sõitma میان بر زدن؛ از راه فرعی رفتن kiertää contourner לַעֲקוֹף इस तरह की सड़क पर चलना ići prečacem elkerül menghindari fara framhjá fare una deviazione 迂回する 우회하다 apvažiuoti apbraukt memirau om... heen gaan kjøre om, lede/føre om objeżdżać passar ao lado a ocoli обходить obísť obiti obilaziti köra förbi, kringgå ใช้ถนนเลี่ยงเมือง yanından geçmek, uğramamak 繞過 скористатися обхідною, об'їздною дорогою بچ کر جانا đi vòng 绕过

n by-product

something obtained or formed during the making of something else Coal tar is a by-product of the process of obtaining gas from coal. neweproduk, afvalproduk مَنْتوج ثانَوي/ جانِبي страничен продукт vedlejší produkt biprodukt das Nebenprodukt υποπροϊόν derivado kõrvalprodukt محصول فرعی و جانبی sivutuote sous-produit תוֹצָר לְווָאי उपोत्पाद nus proizvod melléktermék produk sampingan aukaframleiðsla sottoprodotto 副産物 부산물 šalutinis produktas blakusprodukts diperbuat nevenprodukt biprodukt produkt uboczny derivado derivat побочный продукт vedľajší produkt stranski proizvod nusproizvod biprodukt กาก yan ürün 副產品 побічний продукт ضمنی پیداوار sản phẩm phụ 副产品

n bystander

a person who watches but does not take part. bystander, toeskouer مُتَفَرِّج، مُشاهِد، واقِف على الحِياد наблюдател divák tilskuer der/die Zuschauer/-in απλός θεατής espectador kõrvaltvaataja شاهد واقعه؛ رهگذر syrjästäkatsoja spectateur/-trice צוֹפֶה מֵהַצָד दर्शक pasivni promatrač néző penonton hlutlaus áhorfandi spettatore, spettatrice 傍観者 구경꾼 stebėtojas, žiopsotojas skatītājs; novērotājs orang yang berada di tempat kejadian omstander tilskuer widz, gap espectador spectator (безучастный) наблюдатель divák opazovalec, priča posmatrač åskådare ผู้เห็นเหตุการณ์; ผู้สังเกตการณ์ seyirci 旁觀者 спостерігач تماشائی người ngoài cuộc 旁观者

by and by

after a short time By and by, everyone went home. straks, aanstons فيما بَعْد، بعد قليل след известно време co nevidět, zanedlouho lidt efter lidt nach und nach σιγά σιγά, μετά από λίγο con el tiempo peagi پس از مدت کوتاهی ennen pitkää (un peu) plus tard לֶאָט לֶאָט थोड़ समय बाद malo po malo nemsokára tak lama kemudian skömmu seinna; brátt (a) poco a poco やがて 잠시 후에 netrukus pamazām beransur-ansur weldra litt etter (litt), om litt stopniowo, wkrótce pouco a pouco (puţin) mai târziu вскоре po chvíli kmalu ubrzo snart, så småningom เมื่อเวลาผ่านไป kısa bir süre sonra, az sonra 不久以后 незабаром تھوڑی دیر بعد ، جلدی lát nữa thôi 不久以后

by and large

mostly; all things considered Things are going quite well, by and large. in die algemeen, oor die geheel على وَجْه الأجْمال، على العُموم в крайна сметка celkem vzato i det store og hele im großen und ganzen σε γενικές γραμμές en general üldiselt rääkides بطور کلی؛ از هر نظر yleisesti ottaen à tout prendre כְּלָלִית कुल मिला कर na veliko nagyjából setelah pada umumnya dipertimbangkan yfirleitt, m.t.t. alls nell'insieme, nel complesso 全般的に 대체로 apskritai visumā; kopumā kesemuanya in het algemeen i det store og hele w zasadzie de um modo geral una peste alta в общем и целом vcelku, celkove nasploh sve u svemu i stort sett โดยทั่วไป genellikle, genel olarak 大部分 в цілому زیادہ تر ، فی الجملہ nhìn chung 大部分

by oneself

1 alone He was standing by himself at the bus-stop. alleen بِمُفْرَدِهِ، لِوَحْدِهِ сам sám, sama alene allein μόνος solo üksi تنها yksin tout(e) seul(e) לְבָד अकेले sam egyedül sendirian aleinn da solo, solo 一人で 홀로 vienas, vienišas viens seorang diri in zijn eentje alene samotnie sozinho singur один, в одиночестве sám, sama čisto sam sam ensam, för sig själv ตามลำพัง yalnız, tek başına, kendi kendine 單獨 один, самітно اکیلے một mình 单独

2 without anyone else's help He did the job (all) by himself. alleen وَحيدا، بِنَفْسِهِ без чужда помощ sám, sama alene selbst μόνος, χωρίς βοήθεια solo omal jõul به تنهایی omin neuvoin tout(e) seul(e) לְבָד बिना किसी की मदद के samostalno teljesen egyedül tanpa bantuan aleinn, hjálparlaust da solo 独力で 혼자 힘으로 pats vienas viens pats dengan sendiri in zijn eentje (helt) alene samodzielnie sozinho (de unul) singur без посторонней помощи, сам sám, sama čisto sam sasvim på egen hand ตามลำพัง yalnız, tek başına 獨力 сам تن تنہا tự mình 独力

by the way

incidentally By the way, have you a moment to spare? terloops, tussen hakies بالمناسبه، على فِكْرَه между другото mimochodem for resten übrigens με την ευκαιρία a propósito muuseas راستی؛ ضمناً muuten à propos דֶרֶך אָגַב बहरहाल usput erről jut eszembe secara kebetulan, ngomong-ngomong meðal annarra orða a proposito ところで 그런데 tarp kitko, beje starp citu sementara itu terloops, a a propos apropos, forresten nawiasem mówiąc a propósito apropo кстати, между прочим mimochodom mimogrede uzgred förresten อีกอย่างหนึ่ง sırası gelmişken, aklıma gelmişken 順便說 до речі, між іншим بر سبیلِ تذکرہ tiện thể 顺便说

by is used for forms of transport: by train ; by aeroplane ; by land ; by sea