closeness

close  (kls)

adj. clos·er, clos·est

1. Being near in space or time. See Usage Note at redundancy.

2. Being near in relationship: close relatives.

3. Bound by mutual interests, loyalties, or affections; intimate: close friends.

4. Having little or no space between elements or parts; tight and compact: a close weave.

5. Being near the surface; short: a close haircut.

6. Being on the brink of: close to tears.

7. Decided by a narrow margin; almost even: a close election.

8. Faithful to the original: a close copy.

9. Rigorous; thorough: close attention; close supervision.

10. Shut; closed.

11. Shut in; enclosed.

12. Confining or narrow; crowded: close quarters.

13. Fitting tightly: close garments.

14. Lacking fresh air; stuffy: a close room.

15. Confined to specific persons or groups: a close secret.

16. Strictly confined or guarded: kept under close custody.

17. Hidden from view; secluded.

18. Secretive; reticent: was close about her personal life.

19. Giving or spending with reluctance; stingy.

20. Not easily acquired; scarce: Money was close.

21. Linguistics Pronounced with the tongue near the palate, as the ee in meet. Used of vowels.

22. Marked by more rather than less punctuation, especially commas.

v. (klz) closed, clos·ing, clos·es

v.tr.

1. To move (a door, for example) so that an opening or passage is covered or obstructed; shut.

2. To bar access to: closed the road for repairs.

3. To fill or stop up: closed the cracks with plaster.

4. To stop the operations of permanently or temporarily: closed down the factory.

5. To make unavailable for use: closed the area to development; closed the database to further changes.

6. To bring to an end; terminate: close a letter; close a bank account.

7. To bring together all the elements or parts of: Management closed ranks and ostracized the troublemaker.

8. To join or unite; bring into contact: close a circuit.

9. To draw or bind together the edges of: close a wound.

10. Sports To modify (one's stance), as in baseball or golf, by turning the body so that the forward shoulder and foot are closer to the intended point of impact with the ball.

11. To complete the final details or negotiations on: close a deal.

12. Archaic To enclose on all sides.

v.intr.

1. To become shut: The door closed quietly.

2. To come to an end; finish: The book closes on a hopeful note.

3. To reach an agreement; come to terms.

4. To cease operation: The shop closes at six.

5. To be priced or listed at a specified amount when trading ends: Stocks closed higher on Monday.

6.

a. To engage at close quarters: closed with the enemy.

b. To draw near: The orbiter closed with the space station in preparation for docking.

7. To come together: My arms closed around the little child.

8. Baseball To finish a game by protecting a lead. Used of relief pitchers.

n. (klz)

1. The act of closing.

2. A conclusion; a finish: The meeting came to a close.

3. Music The concluding part of a phrase or theme; a cadence.

4. (kls) An enclosed place, especially land surrounding or beside a cathedral or other building.

5. (kls) Chiefly British A narrow way or alley.

6. Archaic A fight at close quarters.

adv. (kls) closer, closest

In a close position or manner; closely: stayed close together.

Phrasal Verbs:

close in

1. To seem to be gathering in on all sides: The problems closed in.

2. To advance on a target so as to block escape: The police closed in on the sniper.

3. To surround so as to make unusable: The airport was closed in by fog.

close out

1. To dispose of (a line of merchandise) at reduced prices.

2. To terminate, as by selling: close out a business.

Idioms:

close to home

So as to affect one's feelings or interests: Her comment hit close to home.

close to the wind Nautical

At a close angle into the direction from which the wind is blowing: sailing close to the wind.

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[Middle English clos, closed, from Old French, from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere, to close. V., from Middle English closen, from Old French clore, clos-, from Latin claudere.]

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closely adv.

closeness n.

closing (klzng) n.

Synonyms: close, immediate, near, nearby, nigh, proximate
These adjectives mean not far from another in space, time, or relationship: an airport close to town; her immediate family; his nearest relative; a nearby library; our nighest neighbor; the proximate neighborhood. See Also Synonyms at complete.

Antonym: far

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Closeness 

See Also: COMPATIBILITY, FRIENDSHIP

1. Always together … like Siamese twins —Nina Bawden
2. [Cid and his wife Juena] are like the nail [fingernail] and the flesh —The Lay of the Cid, epic poem

   According to a grad student at SUNY, Stony Brook, NY, this is the only simile in this 3500-verse epic poem dating back to 1140 a.d.

3. As close to him as sticking plaster —Cornell Woolrich
4. Close as an uncracked nut —Play: All Vows Kept, Anon
5. Close as a dead heat —Anon
6. Close as fingers inside a pair of mittens —Anon
7. Close as flies in a bottle —Shana Alexander
8. Close as the bark to a tree —Sir Charles Sedley

   This simile is also used to describe stinginess.

   See Also: THRIFT

9. Close as the ‘cu’ in cucumbers —Anon
10. Close as the gum on a postage stamp —Anon
11. Close as two peas in a pod —H. I. Phillips

    Common usage has created twists such as “Close as two peas on a plate.”

    See Also: SIMILARITY

12. Close like exiles from a remote and forgotten land —A. R. Guerney, Jr.
13. Close together as the two shells of an oyster —Leonard McNally
14. Get as close as an Eskimo does to a fire in his igloo in the tundra —Anon, from radio broadcast
15. His face was so close to hers that it was out of focus, like a cloud passing in front of the sun —Michael Korda
16. Inseparable as a baseball fan and a bag of peanuts —Anon
17. Inseparable as finger and thumb —George Farquhar
18. Inseparable as a shadow to a body —Robert Burton
19. Inseparable as Don Quixote and Sancho Panza —Anon
20. Inseparable like ivy, which grows beautifully so long as it twines around a tree, but is of no use when it is separated —Moliére

    The original has been transcribed from “A woman is like ivy” for a less gender-oriented interpretation.

21. Intimate as two sardines in a can —Anon
22. Near as the end of one’s nose —Anon

    See Also: OBVIOUSNESS

23. Near as twilight is to darkness —Thomas Paine
24. Stayed as close to that woman as a pimple —Charles Johnson

    See Also: CLINGING

25. They’re as thick as three in a bed —Scottish saying
26. They were all standing around him thick as bees —Cornell Woolrich
27. (It is proper that families remain) thick like good soup —J. P. Donleavy
28. We were like two kernels in one almond —Sadi
29. Wrapped tight an as eggroll —Donald McCaig

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	closeness - a feeling of being intimate and belonging together; "their closeness grew as the night wore on" intimacy belonging - happiness felt in a secure relationship; "with his classmates he felt a sense of belonging" togetherness - affectionate closeness; "togetherness is the new wonder ingredient in marriage"
	2.	closeness - the quality of being close and poorly ventilated stuffiness quality - an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone; "the quality of mercy is not strained"--Shakespeare
	3.	closeness - the spatial property resulting from a relatively small distance; "the sudden closeness of the dock sent him into action" nearness distance - the property created by the space between two objects or points propinquity, proximity - the property of being close together adjacency, contiguity, contiguousness - the attribute of being so near as to be touching
	4.	closeness - extreme stinginess                   minginess, niggardliness, niggardness, tightfistedness, meanness, parsimoniousness, parsimony, tightness stinginess - a lack of generosity; a general unwillingness to part with money littleness, pettiness, smallness - lack of generosity in trifling matters miserliness - total lack of generosity with money
	5.	closeness - characterized by a lack of openness (especially about one's actions or purposes) secretiveness unsociability, unsociableness - an unsociable disposition; avoiding friendship or companionship furtiveness, sneakiness, stealthiness - a disposition to be sly and stealthy and to do things surreptitiously openness, nakedness - characterized by an attitude of ready accessibility (especially about one's actions or purposes); without concealment; not secretive
	6.	closeness - close or warm friendship; "the absence of fences created a mysterious intimacy in which no one knew privacy" intimacy, familiarity friendliness - a friendly disposition

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closeness

noun

1. nearness, proximity, handiness, adjacency the closeness of China to Hong Kong

2. imminence, nearness, impendency this ever-present feeling of the closeness of death

3. intimacy, love, devotion, confidentiality, familiarity, dearness, inseparability He experienced a lack of closeness to his parents during childhood.

Translations

closeness [ˈkləʊsnɪs] N

1. (= nearness) → proximidad f; [of resemblance] → parecido m; [of translation] → fidelidad f

2. [of friendship] → intimidad f

3. [of weather, atmosphere] → pesadez f, bochorno m; [of room] → mala ventilación f

4. [of election] → lo muy reñido

5. (= secretiveness) → reserva f; (= meanness) → tacañería f

closeness [ˈkləʊsnɪs] n

(emotional) → intimité f
closeness to sb → intimité avec qn

(to place) → proximité f
close-run [ˌkləʊsˈrʌn] adj [race, contest] → serré(e)
close season [ˌkləʊsˈsiːzən] n (British)

(for hunting) → période f de fermeture de la chasse; (for fishing) → période f de fermeture de la pêche

(for football) → intersaison f
close-shaven [ˌkləʊsˈʃeɪv^ən] adj → rasé(e) de près

closeness

n

(= nearness, in time) → Nähe f; she could feel his closeness to her → sie konnte seine Nähe fühlen

(fig, of friendship) → Innigkeit f; thanks to the closeness of their co-operation … → dank ihrer engen Zusammenarbeit …; the closeness of their relationship/resemblance caused problems → ihre so enge Beziehung/ihre große Ähnlichkeit verursachte Probleme

(fig: of reasoning) → Schlüssigkeit f; (Sport, of game) → Geschlossenheit f; the closeness of the print/weave → die große Druck-/(Ge)webedichte

(of examination, interrogation) → Genauigkeit f; (of watch) → Strenge f; (of translation) → Textnähe f → or -treue f

the closeness (of the air) → die Schwüle; (indoors) → die stickige Luft

(of race etc) → knapper Ausgang; the closeness of the finish → der knappe Ausgang des Rennens

closeness [ˈkləʊsnɪs] n (nearness) → vicinanza; (of friendship) → profondità; (of room) → mancanza d'aria
the closeness of the weather → il tempo afoso
the closeness of the resemblance → la stretta somiglianza