custom

cus·tom  (kstm)

n.

1. A practice followed by people of a particular group or region.

2. A habitual practice of a person: my custom of reading a little before sleep. See Synonyms at habit.

3. Law A common tradition or usage so long established that it has the force or validity of law.

4.

a. Habitual patronage, as of a store.

b. Habitual customers; patrons.

5. customs

a. Duties or taxes imposed on imported and, less commonly, exported goods.

b. (used with a sing. verb) The governmental agency authorized to collect these duties.

c. (used with a sing. verb) The procedure for inspecting goods and baggage entering a country.

6. Tribute, service, or rent paid by a feudal tenant to a lord.

adj.

1. Made to order.

2. Specializing in the making or selling of made-to-order goods: a custom tailor.

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[Middle English custume, from Old French costume, from Latin cnsutd, cnsutdin-, from cnsutus, past participle of cnsuscere, to accustom : com-, intensive pref.; see com- + suscere, to become accustomed; see s(w)e- in Indo-European roots.]

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custom [ˈkʌstəm]

n

1. a usual or habitual practice; typical mode of behaviour

2. (Sociology) the long-established habits or traditions of a society collectively; convention custom dictates good manners

3. (Law)

a.  a practice which by long-established usage has come to have the force of law

b.  such practices collectively (esp in the phrase custom and practice)

4. (Business / Commerce) habitual patronage, esp of a shop or business

5. (Business / Commerce) the customers of a shop or business collectively

6. (Historical Terms) (in feudal Europe) a tribute paid by a vassal to his lord

adj

1. made to the specifications of an individual customer (often in the combinations custom-built, custom-made)

2. specializing in goods so made See also customs

[from Old French costume, from Latin consuētūdō, from consuēscere to grow accustomed to, from suēscere to be used to]

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	custom - accepted or habitual practice         usage, usance practice, pattern - a customary way of operation or behavior; "it is their practice to give annual raises"; "they changed their dietary pattern" Americanism - a custom that is peculiar to the United States or its citizens Anglicism, Britishism - a custom that is peculiar to England or its citizens consuetude - a custom or usage that has acquired the force of law couvade - a custom among some peoples whereby the husband of a pregnant wife is put to bed at the time of bearing the child Germanism - a custom that is peculiar to Germany or its citizens habit, use - (psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition; "owls have nocturnal habits"; "she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"; "long use had hardened him to it" hijab - the custom in some Islamic societies of women dressing modestly outside the home; "she observes the hijab and does not wear tight clothing" survival - something that survives ritual, rite - any customary observance or practice
	2.	custom - a specific practice of long standing tradition practice - knowledge of how something is usually done; "it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner" habit, wont - an established custom; "it was their habit to dine at 7 every evening" Hadith - (Islam) a tradition based on reports of the sayings and activities of Muhammad and his companions institution - a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society; "the institution of marriage"; "the institution of slavery"; "he had become an institution in the theater"
	3.	custom - money collected under a tariff customs, customs duty, impost tariff, duty - a government tax on imports or exports; "they signed a treaty to lower duties on trade between their countries" ship money - an impost levied in England to provide money for ships for national defense
	4.	custom - habitual patronage; "I have given this tailor my custom for many years" trade, patronage - the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers; "even before noon there was a considerable patronage"
Adj.	1.	custom - made according to the specifications of an individual custom-made

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custom

noun

1. tradition, practice, convention, ritual, form, policy, rule, style, fashion, usage, formality, etiquette, observance, praxis, unwritten law The custom of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.

2. habit, way, practice, manner, procedure, routine, mode, wont It was his custom to approach every problem cautiously.

3. customers, business, trade, patronage Providing discounts is not the only way to win custom.

Quotations
"Custom reconciles us to everything" [Edmund Burke The Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful]
"a custom"
"More honoured in the breach than the observance" [William Shakespeare Hamlet]

Translations

custom [ˈkʌstəm]

A. N

1. (= habit, usual behaviour) → costumbre f
social customs → costumbres fpl sociales
it is her custom to go for a walk each evening → tiene la costumbre de or tiene por costumbre dar un paseo cada tarde, acostumbra or suele dar un paseo cada tarde

2. (Comm) → clientela f; (= total sales) → caja f, ventas fpl
to attract custom → atraer clientela
to get sb's custom → ganar la clientela de algn
we've not had much custom today → hoy hemos tenido pocos clientes
the shop has lost a lot of custom → la tienda ha perdido muchos clientes
see also customs

B. CPD (esp US)
see custom-built, custom-made

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custom [ˈkʌstəm]

n

(= tradition) → coutume f, usage m
It's an old custom → C'est une ancienne coutume.

(= social convention) → coutume f

(= habit) → habitude f

(= business) → clientèle f
to take one's custom elsewhere → aller ailleurs

(LAW) → droit m coutumier, coutume f

modif (= customized) [kitchen] → fait(e) sur mesure; [design] → fait(e) sur commande; [software] → personnalisé(e)

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custom

n

(= established behaviour, convention) → Sitte f, → Brauch m; custom demands … → es ist Sitte or Brauch …; as custom has it → wie es Sitte or (der) Brauch ist; our customs → unsere Bräuche pl, → unsere Sitten und Gebräuche pl

(= habit) → (An)gewohnheit f; it was his custom to rest each afternoon → er pflegte am Nachmittag zu ruhen (geh); as was his custom → wie er es gewohnt war, wie er es zu tun pflegte (geh)

no pl (Comm: = patronage) → Kundschaft f; to get somebody’s custom → jdn als Kunden gewinnen; to take one’s custom elsewhere → (als Kunde) anderswo hingehen, woanders Kunde werden; we get a lot of custom from tourists → wir haben viele Touristen als Kunden, viele unserer Kunden sind Touristen

customs pl (= duty, organization) → Zoll m; (the) Customs → der Zoll; the Customs and Excise Department → die britische Zollbehörde; to go through customs → durch den Zoll gehen; to get something through the customs → etw durch den Zoll bekommen

(Jur) → Gewohnheitsrecht nt; that is custom and practice → das ist allgemein üblich

adj

(US) suit, shoes → maßgefertigt; carpenter → auf Bestellung arbeitend; custom tailor → Maßschneider(in) m(f)

(Comput) → benutzerdefiniert

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custom [ˈkʌstəm] n

a. → costume m, usanza, consuetudine f (Law) → consuetudine
social customs → convenzioni fpl sociali
it is her custom to go for a walk each evening → è sua consuetudine fare una passeggiata ogni sera

b. (Comm) to get sb's custom → ottenere qn per cliente
the shop has lost a lot of custom → il negozio ha perso molti clienti
see also customs

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custom [ˈkʌstəm] n

a. → costume m, usanza, consuetudine f (Law) → consuetudine
social customs → convenzioni fpl sociali
it is her custom to go for a walk each evening → è sua consuetudine fare una passeggiata ogni sera

b. (Comm) to get sb's custom → ottenere qn per cliente
the shop has lost a lot of custom → il negozio ha perso molti clienti
see also customs

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custom

n custom [ˈkastəm]

1 what a person etc is in the habit of doing or does regularly It's my custom to go for a walk on Saturday mornings; religious customs. gewoonte عادَه، عُرْف навик zvyk vane; skik der Brauch συνήθεια, έθιμο costumbre komme عادت؛ خو tapa habitude מִנְהָג रीति običaj szokás kebiasaan venja, vani abitudine 習慣 관습 įprotis, paprotys paraža; paradums kebiasaan gewoonte (sed)vane, skikk, kutyme zwyczaj costume obicei обычай zvyk navada običaj sed[], bruk, vana กิจวัตร gelenek, töre 習慣 звичка; звичай رسم، رواج، عادت thói quen 习惯

2 the regular buying of goods at the same shop etc; trade or business The new supermarkets take away custom from the small shops. klandisie زِبانه، تعامُل مع مَتْجَر обичай zákazníci kundekreds; stamkunder die Kundschaft πελατεία clientela ostjaskond روال؛ رسم asiakkaat clientèle לָקוֹחוֹת ग्राहकता roba vevőkör pelanggan viðskipti clientela 得意先 단골 pastovūs pirkėjai/klientai klientūra; pastāvīgi pircēji pelanngan biasa klandizie handel handel, interes clientela cli­en­­telă закупки; покупатели zákazníci promet; klientela mušterija kunder, kundkrets การซื้อสินค้าที่ร้านเดิมเป็นประจำ müşteri 經常性惠顧 клієнтура; покупці مستقل گاهكى يا خريدارى khách quen 光顾

adj customary

habitual; usually done etc It is customary to eat turkey for Christmas dinner. tradisie عادي، اعتيادي، مألوف обичаен obvyklý, tradiční almindelig; sædvanlig üblich συνηθισμένος, εθιμοτυπικός costumbre tavapärane وابسته به عادت؛ عادتی؛ معمول tavanmukainen habituel, traditionnel נָהוּג रूढ़गत uobičajen szokásos tradisi sem tíðkast abituale 習慣的な 관습적인 įprastas, įprastinis parasts; ierasts adat gebruikelijk (sed)vanlig, i samsvar med skikk og bruk, alminnelig zwyczajowy habitual tradiţional; obişnuit привычный tradičný običajen uobičajen vanlig, sedvanlig, bruklig เป็นธรรมเนียม; เป็นปกติวิสัย alışılmış, âdet olan 習慣的 звичайний; звичний حسب معمول، رواجى theo thói quen 习惯的

adv customarily

tradisioneel بصورة اعتياديّه обикновено obvykle almindeligvis; sædvanligvis üblicherweise κατά το έθιμο habitualmente tavapäraselt معمولاً؛ عرفاً tavanmukaisesti habituellement כַּנָהוּג पारंपरिक uobičajeno szokás szerint biasanya vanalega; á venjulegan hátt abitualmente 習慣で 습관적으로 įprastai, paprastai parasti; ierasti kebiasaannya gebruikelijk vanligvis, i sin alminnelighet zwyczajowo habitualmente (în mod) obişnuit привычно obvikle običajno uobičajeno vanligt, sedvanligt, brukligt ตามธรรมเนียม; โดยปกติวิสัย alışıldığı şekilde, töre gereğince 習慣性地 звичайний; звичний حسب معمول،عادتاً theo thói quen 习惯性地

n customer

1 a person who buys from a shop etc our regular customers. klant زُبون، عَميل клиент zákazník kunde der Kunde πελάτης cliente klient مشتری asiakas client/-ente לָקוֹח ग्राहक kupac vevő pembeli viðskiptavinur cliente 顧客 고객 pirkėjas, klientas pircējs; klients pelanggan klant kunde klient cliente client покупатель;клиент zákazník, -čka kupec, stranka mušterija kund ลูกค้า müşteri 顧客 покупець; клієнт گاہ‍ک، خريدار khách hàng 顾客

2 used jokingly for a person a strange customer. persoon زبون: شَخص غَريب الأطوار чешит chlápek, individuum fyr; type der Bursche τύπος tipo sell آدم؛ طرف tyyppi individu טִיפּוּס मजाक में किसी को कहा जाता है mušterija pofa individu (undarlegur) náungi individuo やつ 녀석 tipas tips pelanggan vent underlig skrue gość indivíduo individ, tip тип; субъект indivíduum tip teška osoba underlig figur, kuf บุคคล adam, şahıs 傢伙 тип; суб'єкт آدمى، عجيب آدمى gã 家伙

n pl customs

1 (the government department that collects) taxes paid on goods coming into a country Did you have to pay customs on those watches?; He works for the customs; (also adjective ) customs duty. aksyns رُسوم الجُمرَك мито clo; celní toldvæsen; told- der Zoll τελωνείο, δασμοί (derechos de) aduana tolliasutus, tollimaks مالیات؛ گمرکی tulli (droits de) douane מֶכֶס सीमाशुल्क carina vám bea cukai tollyfirvöld; innflutningstollur diritti doganali 関税 관세 muitas, muitinė muita; muitas- kastam douane toll(vesen) cło alfândega vamal) таможенные пошлины; таможня clo; colný carina, carinski carina tullväsendet, tull[], tullavgift[] ภาษีศุลกากร gümrük 關稅 мито, митний محصول درآمد وبرآمد thuế nhập khẩu 海关税

2 the place at a port etc where these taxes are collected I was searched when I came through customs at the airport. doeane مَكتَب الجُمرُك митница celnice tolden der Zoll τελωνείο aduana toll بخش گمرکات tulli douane בֵּית מֶכֶס सीमाशुल्क carina vám duane tollheimta dogana 税関 세관 muitinė muita kastam douane tollen urząd celny alfândega vamă таможенный досмотр; таможня colnica carina carina tullen ศุลกากร gümrük 海關 митниця جهاں پر محصولات كى ادائيگی هوتى ه‍ے hải quan 海关

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custom → عرف zvyklost skik Brauch έθιμο costumbre tapa coutume običaj tradizione 風習 관습 gewoonte sedvane zwyczaj costume обычай sed ศุลกากร adet phong tục 习惯