economy

e·con·o·my  (-kn-m)

n. pl. e·con·o·mies

1.

a. Careful, thrifty management of resources, such as money, materials, or labor: learned to practice economy in making out the household budget.

b. An example or result of such management; a saving.

2.

a. The system or range of economic activity in a country, region, or community: Effects of inflation were felt at every level of the economy.

b. A specific type of economic system: an industrial economy; a planned economy.

3. An orderly, functional arrangement of parts; an organized system: "the sense that there is a moral economy in the world, that good is rewarded and evil is punished" (George F. Will).

4. Efficient, sparing, or conservative use: wrote with an economy of language.

5. The least expensive class of accommodations, especially on an airplane.

6. Theology The method of God's government of and activity within the world.

adj.

Economical or inexpensive to buy or use: an economy car; an economy motel.

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[Middle English yconomye, management of a household, from Latin oeconomia, from Greek oikonomi, from oikonomos, manager of a household : oikos, house; see weik-¹ in Indo-European roots + nemein, to allot, manage; see nem- in Indo-European roots.]

Word History: Managing an economy has at least an etymological justification. The word economy can be traced back to the Greek word oikonomos, "one who manages a household," derived from oikos, "house," and nemein, "to manage." From oikonomos was derived oikonomi, which had not only the sense "management of a household or family" but also senses such as "thrift," "direction," "administration," "arrangement," and "public revenue of a state." The first recorded sense of our word economy, found in a work possibly composed in 1440, is "the management of economic affairs," in this case, of a monastery. Economy is later recorded in other senses shared by oikonomi in Greek, including "thrift" and "administration." What is probably our most frequently used current sense, "the economic system of a country or an area," seems not to have developed until the 19th or 20th century.

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economy [ɪˈkɒnəmɪ]

n pl -mies

1. careful management of resources to avoid unnecessary expenditure or waste; thrift

2. a means or instance of this; saving

3. sparing, restrained, or efficient use, esp to achieve the maximum effect for the minimum effort economy of language

4. (Economics)

a.  the complex of human activities concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services

b.  a particular type or branch of such production, distribution, and consumption a socialist economy an agricultural economy

5. (Economics) the management of the resources, finances, income, and expenditure of a community, business enterprise, etc.

6. (Engineering / Aeronautics)

a.  a class of travel in aircraft, providing less luxurious accommodation than first class at a lower fare

b.  (as modifier) economy class

7. (modifier) offering or purporting to offer a larger quantity for a lower price economy pack

8. the orderly interplay between the parts of a system or structure the economy of nature

9. (Philosophy) Philosophy the principle that, of two competing theories, the one with less ontological presupposition is to be preferred

10. Archaic the management of household affairs; domestic economy

[via Latin from Greek oikonomia domestic management, from oikos house + -nomia, from nemein to manage]

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	economy - the system of production and distribution and consumption economic system sector - a social group that forms part of the society or the economy; "the public sector" black economy - a hidden sector of the economy where private cash transactions go unreported; "no one knows how large the black economy really is" industrialism - an economic system built on large industries rather than on agriculture or craftsmanship free enterprise, laissez-faire economy, market economy, private enterprise - an economy that relies chiefly on market forces to allocate goods and resources and to determine prices mixed economy - an economic system that combines private and state enterprises non-market economy - an economy that is not a market economy state capitalism - an economic system that is primarily capitalistic but there is some degree of government ownership of the means of production state socialism - an economic system in which the government owns most means of production but some degree of private capitalism is allowed system, scheme - a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole; "a vast system of production and distribution and consumption keep the country going"
	2.	economy - the efficient use of resources; "economy of effort" efficiency - skillfulness in avoiding wasted time and effort; "she did the work with great efficiency"
	3.	economy - frugality in the expenditure of money or resources; "the Scots are famous for their economy" thriftiness frugality, frugalness - prudence in avoiding waste
	4.	economy - an act of economizing; reduction in cost; "it was a small economy to walk to work every day"; "there was a saving of 50 cents" saving action - something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions" downsizing, retrenchment, curtailment - the reduction of expenditures in order to become financially stable economy of scale - the saving in cost of production that is due to mass production

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economy

noun

1. financial system, financial state Africa's most industrialized economy

2. thrift, saving, restraint, prudence, providence, husbandry, retrenchment, frugality, parsimony, thriftiness, sparingness They have achieved quite remarkable effects with great economy of means.

Quotations
"Economy is going without something you do want in case you should, some day, want something you probably won't want" [Anthony Hope The Dolly Dialogues]
"Everybody is always in favour of general economy and particular expenditure" [Anthony Eden]

Proverbs
"Cut your coat according to your cloth"

Translations

economy [ɪˈkɒnəmɪ]

A. N

1. (= thrift) → economía f; (= a saving) → ahorro m
economy of scale → economía f de escala
to make economies → economizar, ahorrar

2. (= system) → economía f

B. CPD economy class N → clase f económica or turista
economy class syndrome N → síndrome m de la clase turista
economy drive N to have an economy drive → economizar, ahorrar
economy pack N (Comm) → envase m familiar
economy size N → tamaño m familiar

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economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi]

n

(= system) [country, area] → économie f

(= saving) → économie f
to make economies → faire des économies economy measure

(= thriftiness) → économie f
economy with words → économie de mots

modif (AVIATION) [airfare, seats] → en classe économique; [passengers, rate] → de classe économique
economy class

n → classe f économique
to fly economy class → voyager en classe économique
in economy class → en classe économique

modif [ticket, fare] → en classe économique
economy-class syndrome n → syndrome m de la classe économique
economy drive n [government, firm] → restrictions fpl budgétaires
economy measure n → mesure f économique
economy pack n → paquet m économique
economy size n → taille f économique

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economy

n

(system) → Wirtschaft f no pl; (from a monetary aspect) → Konjunktur f; what is the state of the economy? → wie ist die Wirtschaftslage/Konjunktur?

(= saving: in time, money) → Sparmaßnahme f, → Einsparung f; fuel economy → geringer Kraftstoffverbrauch; a false economy → falsche Sparsamkeit; economies of scale → Einsparungen pl → durch erhöhte Produktion; to make economies → zu Sparmaßnahmen greifen, Einsparungen machen

(= thrift) → Sparsamkeit f; to practise (Brit) or practice (US) economy → Sparsamkeit walten lassen; economy of language/expression → knappe Sprache/Ausdrucksweise; with economy of effort → mit sparsamem Kräfteaufwand

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economy:

economy class

n → Touristenklasse f

economy drive

n → Sparmaßnahmen pl; we’ll have to have an economy → wir werden Sparmaßnahmen ergreifen müssen

economy rate

n → Spartarif m

economy size

n → Sparpackung f

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economy [ɪˈkɒnəmɪ] n (all senses) → economia
we must make economies → dobbiamo fare economia

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economy

n economy [iˈkonəmi]

1 the thrifty, careful management of money etc to avoid waste Please use the water with economy; We must make economies in household spending. skaalbesparing, spaarsamig إقْتِصاد، عَدَم التَّبْذير، تَدْبير икономия šetrnost; hospodárnost økonomi die Sparsamkeit οικονομία economía kokkuhoid صرفه جویی taloudellisuus économie חִסָכוֹן अर्थप्रबंधन štednja takarékosság ekonomi hagsÿni economia, parsimonia 節約 절약 taupumas taupība; ekonomija jimat bezuiniging økonomi, sparsomhet oszczędność economia eco­nomie экономия šetrnosť, úspornosť varčevanje štedljivost ekonomi, sparsamhet, hushållning การประหยัด; เศรษฐศาสตร์ ekonomi, iktisat 節約 ощадливість, економність مال کا محتاط استعمال ، صرف میں کفالت sự kiểm soát và quản lý tiền 节约

2 organization of money and resources the country's economy; household economy. ekonomie إقْتِصاد الدَّوْلَه икономика ekonomie økonomi die Wirtschaft οικονομία, οικονομικός προγραμματισμός στο νοικοκυριό economía majandus اقتصاد talousjärjestelmä économie כַּלכָּלָה अर्थव्यवस्था gospodarstvo (köz)gazdaság ekonomi fjármál; efnahagslíf economia 経済 경제 ūkis, ekonomika saimniecība; saimniekošana; ekonomika ekonomi economie samfunnsøkonomi, husholdning gospodarka economia eco­­­no­mie экономика ekonómia gospodarstvo ekonomija ekonomi องค์กรทางการเงินและทรัพยากร ekonomi, ekonomik düzen 經濟 господарство; економіка وسائل اور مال کے استعمال کا کوئی خاص نظام kinh tế 经济

adj economic [iːkəˈnomik]

1 of or concerned with (an) economy the country's economic future. ekonomiese إقْتِصادي икономически hospodářský økonomisk; økonomi- wirtschaftlich οικονομικός económico majanduslik, majandus- اقتصادی taloudellinen économique כַּלכָּלִי किसी देश के आर्थिक भविष्य से संबंधित gospodarski (köz)gazdasági mengenai ekonomi hagfræðilegur economico 経済の 경제적 ekonominis ekonomikas- ekonomi economisch samfunnsøkonomisk ekonomiczny económico economic экономический hospodársky gospodarski ekonomski ekonomisk เกี่ยวกับเศรษฐศาสตร์ ekonomik 經濟上的 економічний; господарський معاشیات سے متعلق thuộc về kinh tế 经济上的

2 likely to bring a profit an economic rent. ekonomies إقْتِصادي، مُرْبِح рентабилен výnosný indbringende; lønsom wirtschaftlich συμφέρων, κερδοφόρος rentable majanduslikult tasuv باصرفه؛ سودآور tuottoisa rentable חסכני लाभदायक rentabilan gazdaságos menguntungkan hagstæður; arðsamur redditizio 実利的な 경제적 이익이 있는 pelningas, rentabilus rentabls untung rendabel som kan lønne seg, rentabel, lønnsom korzystny económico rentabil рентабельный výnosný donosen rentabilan ekonomisk, som lönar sig มีกำไร ekonomik, hesaplı 盈利的 економний, ощадливий منافع دلانے والا được hoạch định để mang lại lợi tức 盈利的

adj economical [iːkəˈnomikəl]

thrifty; not extravagant This car is very economical on petrol. ekonomies مُقْتَصِد пестелив úsporný økonomisk sparsam οικονομικός, ολιγοδάπανος económico, ahorrador säästlik کم مصرف؛ صرفه جو taloudellinen économe; économique חֶסכוֹנִי अल्पव्यय सम्बन्धी ekonomičan, štedljiv takarékos; gazdaságos irit sparsamur economico, (che fa risparmiare) 経済的な 절약하는 ekonomiškas taupīgs; ekonomisks jimat zuinig besparende, økonomisk, sparsom oszczędny poupado care face economie (de) экономный; экономичный úsporný gospodaren ekonomičan ekonomisk, sparsam, dryg, snål ประหยัด ekonomik, hesaplı, tutumlu 節約的 економний, ощадливий با کفایت tiết kiệm 节约的

adv ecoˈnomically

spaarsamig إقْتِصادِيّا икономично hospodárně økonomiskt wirtschaftlich οικονομικά, φθηνά económicamente säästlikult از نظر اقتصادی taloudellisesti économiquement בְּחִיסָכוֹן कम खर्चे में štedljivo takarékosan; gazdaságosan secara ekonomis hagfræðilega; sparlega economicamente 経済的に 절약하여, 경제상 ekonomiškai taupīgi; ekonomiski dengan jimat zuinig økonomisk, sparsomt ekonomicznie economicamente (din punct de ve­de­re) economic экономно hospodárne gospodarno ekonomično ekonomiskt อย่างประหยัด ekonomik olarak, tutumluca 節約地 економно معاشی نظریہ سے về mặt kinh tế 节约地

n sg economics [iːkəˈnomiks]

the study of production and distribution of money and goods He is studying economics. ekonomie عِلْم الأقْتِصاد икономика ekonomie økonomi die Volkswirtschaft οικονομία, οικονομική επιστήμη economía majandusteadus علم اقتصاد taloustiede économie politique כַּלכָּלָה अर्थशास्त्र ekonomija közgazdaság-tudomány ilmu ekonomi economia 経済学 경제학 ekonomika ekonomika ekonomi economie sosialøkonomi ekonomika economia eco­no­mie politică экономика ekonómia ekonomija ekonomija ekonomi วิชาเศรษฐศาสตร์ ekonomi bilimi, iktisat 經濟學 економіка علم المعیشت kinh tế học 经济学

n eˈconomist

a person who is an expert in economics. ekonoom عالِم إقْتِصاد икономист ekonom, -ka økonom der/die Volkswirtschaftler(in) οικονομολόγος economista majandusteadlane اقتصاد دان ekonomi économiste כַּלכָּלָן अर्थशास्त्री ekonomist közgazdász ahli ekonomi hagfræðingur economista 経済学者 경제학자 ekonomistas ekonomists ahli ekonomi econoom sosialøkonom ekonomista economista economist экономист ekonóm, -ka ekonomist ekonomista ekonom นักเศรษฐศาสตร์ ekonomist, iktisatçı 經濟學家 економіст اقتصادیات کا عالم nhà kinh tế học 经济学家

v eˈconomize, eˈconomise

to spend money or goods carefully We must economize on fuel. besuinig, versober يَقْتَصِد، يُوَفِّر، يَدَّخِر икономисвам šetřit økonomisere sparen κάνω οικονομία economizar kokku hoidma صرفه جویی کردن säästää économiser לַחֲסוֹך कम खर्चे में करना štediti takarékosan bánik (vmivel) menghemat spara, fara sparlega með fare economia, risparmiare 節約する 절약하다 taupyti taupīt bercermat bezuinigen spare, være sparsommelig oszczędzać economizar a economisi, a face economie (de) экономить šetriť varčevati štedeti spara på, hushålla med ใช้จ่ายอย่างประหยัด iktisat yapmak, idareli harcamak 節約 економити, заощаджувати کفایت سے کام لینا tiết kiệm 节约

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economy → اقتصاد ekonomika økonomi Wirtschaft οικονομία economía talouselämä économie ekonomija economia 経済 경제 economie økonomi ekonomia economia экономия ekonomi เศรษฐกิจ ekonomi nền kinh tế 经济