frame (redirected from frames of reference)

frame  (frm)

v. framed, fram·ing, frames

v.tr.

1. To build by putting together the structural parts of; construct: frame a house.

2. To conceive or design: framed an alternate proposal.

3. To arrange or adjust for a purpose: The question was framed to draw only one answer.

4.

a. To put into words; formulate: frame a reply.

b. To form (words) silently with the lips.

5. To enclose in or as if in a frame: frame a painting.

6. Informal

a. To make up evidence or contrive events so as to incriminate (a person) falsely.

b. To prearrange (a contest) so as to ensure a desired fraudulent outcome; fix: frame a prizefight.

v.intr.

1. Archaic To go; proceed.

2. Obsolete To manage; contrive.

n.

1. Something composed of parts fitted and joined together.

2. A structure that gives shape or support: the frame of a house.

3.

a. An open structure or rim for encasing, holding, or bordering: a window frame; the frame of a mirror.

b. A closed, often rectangular border of drawn or printed lines.

4. A pair of eyeglasses, excluding the lenses. Often used in the plural: had new lenses fitted into an old pair of frames.

5. The structure of a human or animal body; physique: a worker's sturdy frame.

6. A cold frame.

7. A general structure or system: the frame of government.

8. A general state or condition: The news put me into a better frame of mind.

9. A frame of reference.

10. Sports & Games

a. A round or period of play in some games, such as bowling and billiards.

b. Baseball An inning.

11. A single picture on a roll of movie film or videotape.

12. The total area of a complete picture in television broadcasting.

13. An individual drawing within a comic strip.

14. Computer Science

a. A rectangular segment within a browser's window that can be scrolled independently of other such segments.

b. A single step in a sequence of programmed instructions.

15. Informal A frame-up.

16. Obsolete Shape; form.

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[Middle English framen, from Old English framian, to further, from fram, forward; see from.]

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frama·ble, framea·ble adj.

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frame [freɪm]

n

1. an open structure that gives shape and support to something, such as the transverse stiffening ribs of a ship's hull or an aircraft's fuselage or the skeletal beams and uprights of a building

2. an enclosing case or border into which something is fitted the frame of a picture

3. the system around which something is built up the frame of government

4. the structure of the human body

5. a condition; state (esp in the phrase frame of mind)

6. (Miscellaneous Technologies / Photography)

a.  one of a series of individual exposures on a strip of film used in making motion pictures

b.  an individual exposure on a film used in still photography

c.  an individual picture in a comic strip

7. (Electronics)

a.  a television picture scanned by one or more electron beams at a particular frequency

b.  the area of the picture so formed

8. (Group Games / Billiards & Snooker) Billiards snooker

a.  the wooden triangle used to set up the balls

b.  the balls when set up

c.  a single game finished when all the balls have been potted US and Canadian equivalent (for senses 8a, 8b) rack

9. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Horticulture) short for cold frame

10. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Agriculture) one of the sections of which a beehive is composed, esp one designed to hold a honeycomb

11. (Clothing, Personal Arts & Crafts / Textiles) a machine or part of a machine over which yarn is stretched in the production of textiles

12. (Linguistics) (in language teaching, etc.) a syntactic construction with a gap in it, used for assigning words to syntactic classes by seeing which words may fill the gap

13. (Mathematics & Measurements / Statistics) Statistics an enumeration of a population for the purposes of sampling, esp as the basis of a stratified sample

14. (Electronics) (in telecommunications, computers, etc.) one cycle of a regularly recurring number of pulses in a pulse train

15. Slang another word for frame-up

16. Obsolete shape; form

in the frame likely to be awarded or to achieve I'm in the frame for the top job

vb (mainly tr)

1. to construct by fitting parts together

2. to draw up the plans or basic details for; outline to frame a policy

3. to compose, contrive, or conceive to frame a reply

4. to provide, support, or enclose with a frame to frame a picture

5. to form (words) with the lips, esp silently

6. Slang to conspire to incriminate (someone) on a false charge

7. Slang to contrive the dishonest outcome of (a contest, match, etc.); rig

8. (intr) Yorkshire and Northeastern English dialect

a.  (usually imperative or dependent imperative) to make an effort

b.  to have ability

[Old English framiae to avail; related to Old Frisian framia to carry out, Old Norse frama]

framable , frameable adj

frameless  adj

framer  n

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Frame [freɪm]

n

(Biographies / Frame, Janet (1924 F, New Zealand, WRITING: writer) Janet. born 1924, and New Zealand writer: author of the novels

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Frame a number of vehicles travelling together; a scaffold or framework, usually used figuratively.

Examples: the heavy frame of the forest, 1848; frame of mind, 1711; of our monarchy, 1844; of society, 1825; of the spirit, 1665; of sticks, 1577; of timber, 1545; of waggons [number travelling together]; of the world, 1561.

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In photography, any single exposure contained within a continuous sequence of photographs.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	frame - the framework for a pair of eyeglasses chase - a rectangular metal frame used in letterpress printing to hold together the pages or columns of composed type that are printed at one time framework - a structure supporting or containing something eyeglasses, glasses, specs, spectacles - optical instrument consisting of a frame that holds a pair of lenses for correcting defective vision
	2.	frame - a single one of a series of still transparent pictures forming a cinema, television or video film photo, photograph, pic, exposure, picture - a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material
	3.	frame - alternative names for the body of a human being; "Leonardo studied the human body"; "he has a strong physique"; "the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" chassis, human body, material body, physical body, bod, build, anatomy, physique, figure, flesh, shape, soma, form individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul - a human being; "there was too much for one person to do" human, human being, homo, man - any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage body, organic structure, physical structure - the entire structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being); "he felt as if his whole body were on fire" person - a human body (usually including the clothing); "a weapon was hidden on his person" juvenile body - the body of a young person adult body - the body of an adult human being male body - the body of a male human being female body - the body of a female human being
	4.	frame - (baseball) one of nine divisions of play during which each team has a turn at bat inning baseball, baseball game - a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of nine players; teams take turns at bat trying to score runs; "he played baseball in high school"; "there was a baseball game on every empty lot"; "there was a desire for National League ball in the area"; "play ball!" division, section, part - one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole; "the written part of the exam"; "the finance section of the company"; "the BBC's engineering division" top of the inning, top - the first half of an inning; while the visiting team is at bat; "a relief pitcher took over in the top of the fifth" bottom of the inning, bottom - the second half of an inning; while the home team is at bat period of play, playing period, play - (in games or plays or other performances) the time during which play proceeds; "rain stopped play in the 4th inning"
	5.	frame - a single drawing in a comic_strip drawing - an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper; "it is shown by the drawing in Fig. 7" cartoon strip, comic strip, funnies, strip - a sequence of drawings telling a story in a newspaper or comic book
	6.	frame - an application that divides the user's display into two or more windows that can be scrolled independently application program, applications programme, application - a program that gives a computer instructions that provide the user with tools to accomplish a task; "he has tried several different word processing applications"
	7.	frame - a system of assumptions and standards that sanction behavior and give it meaning frame of reference system of rules, system - a complex of methods or rules governing behavior; "they have to operate under a system they oppose"; "that language has a complex system for indicating gender" vocabulary - the system of techniques or symbols serving as a means of expression (as in arts or crafts); "he introduced a wide vocabulary of techniques"
	8.	frame - the hard structure (bones and cartilages) that provides a frame for the body of an animal skeletal system, systema skeletale, skeleton system - a group of physiologically or anatomically related organs or parts; "the body has a system of organs for digestion" musculoskeletal system - the system of muscles and tendons and ligaments and bones and joints and associated tissues that move the body and maintain its form skeletal structure - any structure created by the skeleton of an organism endoskeleton - the internal skeleton; bony and cartilaginous structure (especially of vertebrates) exoskeleton - the exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs
	9.	frame - the internal supporting structure that gives an artifact its shape; "the building has a steel skeleton" skeletal frame, underframe, skeleton aircraft - a vehicle that can fly building, edifice - a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place; "there was a three-story building on the corner"; "it was an imposing edifice" chassis - the skeleton of a motor vehicle consisting of a steel frame supported on springs that holds the body and motor hoop - a light curved skeleton to spread out a skirt ship - a vessel that carries passengers or freight supporting structure - a structure that serves to support something
	10.	frame - a framework that supports and protects a picture or a mirror; "the frame enhances but is not itself the subject of attention"; "the frame was much more valuable than the miror it held" framing framework - a structure supporting or containing something
	11.	frame - one of the ten divisions into which bowling is divided bowling - a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over or moving them division, section, part - one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole; "the written part of the exam"; "the finance section of the company"; "the BBC's engineering division"
Verb	1.	frame - enclose in or as if in a frame; "frame a picture" frame in, border inclose, shut in, close in, enclose - surround completely; "Darkness enclosed him"; "They closed in the porch with a fence"
	2.	frame - enclose in a frame, as of a picture hold in, enclose, confine - close in; darkness enclosed him"
	3.	frame - take or catch as if in a snare or trap; "I was set up!"; "The innocent man was framed by the police" ensnare, entrap, set up cozen, deceive, delude, lead on - be false to; be dishonest with
	4.	frame - formulate in a particular style or language; "I wouldn't put it that way"; "She cast her request in very polite language" couch, redact, put, cast give voice, phrase, word, articulate, formulate - put into words or an expression; "He formulated his concerns to the board of trustees"
	5.	frame - make up plans or basic details for; "frame a policy" draw up, compose plan - make plans for something; "He is planning a trip with his family"
	6.	frame - construct by fitting or uniting parts together frame up construction, building - the act of constructing something; "during the construction we had to take a detour"; "his hobby was the building of boats" build, construct, make - make by combining materials and parts; "this little pig made his house out of straw"; "Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer"

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frame

noun

1. mounting, setting, surround, mount She kept a picture of her mother in a silver frame.

2. casing, framework, structure, shell, system, form, construction, fabric, skeleton, chassis He supplied housebuilders with modern timber frames.

3. physique, build, form, body, figure, skeleton, anatomy, carcass, morphology belts pulled tight against their bony frames

verb

1. mount, case, enclose, set The picture is now ready to be framed.

2. surround, ring, enclose, close in, encompass, envelop, encircle, fence in, hem in The swimming pool is framed by tropical gardens.

3. devise, plan, form, shape, institute, draft, compose, sketch, forge, put together, conceive, hatch, draw up, formulate, contrive, map out, concoct, cook up, block out A convention was set up to frame a constitution.

4. express, word, phrase, couch, put into words He framed his question three different ways.

5. falsely incriminate, set up (informal), fit up (slang) He claimed he had been framed by the police.

frame of mind mood, state, spirit, attitude, humour, temper, outlook, disposition, mind-set, fettle He was not in the right frame of mind to continue.

Translations

frame [freɪm]

A. N

1. (= framework) [of ship, building etc] → armazón m or f, estructura f; [of furniture etc] → armadura f; [of spectacles] → montura f; [of bicycle] → cuadro m

2. (= border) [of picture, window, door] → marco m (Sew) → tambor m, bastidor m para bordar

3. (TV, Video) → cuadro m (Cine) → fotograma m

4. (= body) → cuerpo m
his large frame → su cuerpo fornido
her whole frame was shaken by sobs → todo su cuerpo se estremecía por los sollozos

5. (fig) frame of mind → estado m de ánimo
when you're in a better frame of mind → cuando estés de mejor humor
frame of reference → marco m de referencia

B. VT

1. [+ picture] → enmarcar, poner un marco a

2. (= enclose) → enmarcar (Phot) [+ subject] → encuadrar
he appeared framed in the doorway → apareció en el marco de la puerta
she was framed against the sunset → el ocaso le servía de marco, tenía la puesta de sol de fondo

3. (= formulate) [+ plan etc] → formular, elaborar; [+ question] → formular; [+ sentence] → construir

4. [+ innocent person] to frame sb → tender una trampa a algn para incriminarlo
I've been framed! → ¡me han tendido una trampa!

C. CPD frame house N (US) → casa f de madera
frame rucksack N → mochila f con armazón

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frame [ˈfreɪm]

n

[building, structure] → charpente f

[bicycle] → cadre m

(= body) [human, animal] → corps m

[picture] → cadre m

[door] → encadrement m, chambranle m; [window] → cadre m, chambranle m

[spectacles] → monture f

[film] → photogramme m

to be in the frame for sth (= in the running) → être dans la course pour qch frames

npl [glasses] → monture f

vt

[+ picture] → encadrer

(= incriminate) to frame sb → monter un coup contre qn

(= express) [+ law, question] → formuler

[+ theory] → construire; [+ plan] → élaborer
frame of mind n → état m d'esprit
frame of reference n → système m de référence
frame-up [ˈfreɪmʌp] n → coup m monté

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frame

n

(= basic structure, border of picture) → Rahmen m; (of building) → (Grund)gerippe nt; (of ship) → Gerippe nt; (Hort) → Mistbeet nt, → Frühbeet nt; (of spectacles: also frames) → Gestell nt; (Billiards: = single game) → Spiel nt; (= triangle) → Rahmen m

(of human, animal) → Gestalt f; her frame was shaken by sobs → ihr Körper wurde von Schluchzen geschüttelt

frame of mind (= mental state) → Verfassung f; (= mood) → Stimmung f, → Laune f; in a cheerful frame of mind → in fröhlicher Stimmung or Laune; in a relaxed frame of mind → entspannt; I am not in the right frame of mind for singing or to sing → ich bin nicht in der (richtigen) Laune or Stimmung zum Singen

(fig: = framework, system) → grundlegende Struktur; frame of reference (lit, fig) → Bezugssystem nt; within the frame of … → im Rahmen (+gen) → …; this proposal is beyond the frame of the peace agreement → dieser Vorschlag geht über den Rahmen des Friedensvertrags hinaus

(Film, Phot, Comput) → (Einzel)bild nt; (in comic strip) → Bild(chen) nt

(TV) → Abtastbild nt, → Rasterbild nt

(Comput: in browser) → Frame nt; (= object frame) → Objektfeld nt

vt

picture → rahmen; (fig) face etc → ein- or umrahmen; he stood framed in the door → er stand im Türrahmen; a lake framed by trees → ein ringsum von Bäumen umgebener See

(= draw up, construct) constitution, law, plan → entwerfen; idea → entwickeln; (= express) answer, question → formulieren; sentence → bilden; words → bilden, formen; she framed the issue rather differently → sie stellte die Sache ganz anders dar

(inf: = incriminate falsely) he said he had been framed → er sagte, man habe ihm die Sache angehängt (inf)

vi (= develop) → sich entwickeln

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frame:

frame rucksack

n → Rucksack m → mit Traggestell

frame saw

n → Bügelsäge f

frame story, frame tale

n (Liter) → Rahmenerzählung f

frame tent

n → Steilwandzelt nt

frame-up

n (inf) → Komplott nt

framework

n (lit) → Grundgerüst nt; (fig, of essay, novel etc) → Gerüst nt, → Gerippe nt; (of society, government etc) → grundlegende Struktur; within the frame of … → im Rahmen (+gen) → …; outside the frame of … → außerhalb des Rahmens (+gen) → …

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frame [freɪm]

1. n

a. (of person) → corpo, ossatura; (of ship, building, tent) → struttura, armatura; (of bicycle) → telaio; (of picture) → cornice f; (of window, door) → telaio, intelaiatura

b. (Cine) → immagine f

c. (of spectacles) frames npl → montatura

2. vt

a. (picture) → incorniciare

b. (formulate, plan) → ideare; (question) → formulare; (sentence) → costruire

c. to frame sb (fam) (incriminate) → incastrare qn

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frame

n frame [freim]

1 a hard main structure round which something is built or made the steel frame of the aircraft. raamwerk هَيْكَل скелет kostra ramme; skelet das Gerüst σκελετός armazón, estructura karkass بدنه؛ استخوان بندی runko structure שֶׁלֶד चौखट kostur (gradevine), okvir, šasija (tartó)szerkezet; váz kerangka grind struttura 骨組み (건물, 기계, 가구, 차, 배, 비행기 등의) 뼈대 karkasas, korpusas karkass kerangka geraamte ramme(verk) szkielet konstrukcji armação structură корпус kostra ustroj konstrukcija stomme, skrov, ram โครงสร้างพื้นฐาน çatı, iskelet 骨架 кістяк; каркас ڈھانچا sườn; khung 骨架

2 something made to enclose something a picture-frame; a window-frame. raam إطار рамка rám ramme der Rahmen πλαίσιο, κορνίζα marco raam چهار چوب؛ قاب kehys cadre מִסגֶרֶת चौखट okvir (za slike npr.) keret bingkai rammi cornice わく 액자 rėmas ietvars; rāmis bingkai lijst ramme rama moldura cadru; ramă рама rám okvir okvir ram กรอบ çerçeve 框架 рама چوکھٹا khung 框架

3 the human body He has a slight frame. liggaamsbou هَيْكَل ، بُنْيَة الجِسِم човешкото тяло kostra krop; figur die Gestalt σώμα cuerpo, constitución kehaehitus هیکل vartalo ossature גוּף ढांचा tijelo, grada (test)alkat perawakan líkamsbygging costituzione, ossatura 体格 인체 kūno sudėjimas ķermeņa uzbūve; augums perawakan bouw kroppsbygning budowa constituição osatură телосложение kostra okostje telo kropp, kroppsbyggnad โครงสร้างร่างกาย iskelet 身軀 тіло جسم thân hình; tầm vóc 身躯

v

1 to put a frame around to frame a picture. raam يَضَع إطارا على صورَه слагам рамка zarámovat indramme einrahmen κορνιζάρω enmarcar raamima قاب گرفتن kehystää encadrer לְמַסגֵר चारों ओर होना uokviriti bekeretez memberi pigura ramma incorniciare わくをつける (그림 등을) 액자에 끼우다 įrėminti ielikt ietvarā; ierāmēt membingkaikan inlijsten ramme inn, sette i ramme oprawiać emoldurar a înrăma вставлять в раму (za)rámovať okviriti uokviriti rama in ใส่กรอบ çerçevelemek 給...裝框架 вставляти в рамку چوکھٹے میں جڑنا đóng khung 给...装框架

2 to act as a frame for Her hair framed her face. omraam يُحيط، يكون بمثابة إطار играя ролята на рамка rámovat indramme umrahmen πλαισιώνω enmarcar, encuadrar raamina ümbritsema بصورت قالب درآوردن kehystää encadrer מִסגוּר शब्दों में बांधना oblikovati, uokviriti keretez mengelilingi ramma, vera umgjörð incorniciare 輪かくをつける (틀에 따라) 만들다, 모양 짓다 apjuosti ierāmēt mengelilingi omlijsten danne en ramme rundt obramowywać emoldurar a încadra обрамлять rámovať obdajati uokviriti rama in เป็นเหมือนกรอบ çerçevelemek 作為框架 обрамовувати چوکھٹا بنانا tạo khuôn 作为框架

3 to arrange false evidence so as to make (someone) seem guilty of a crime etc (nounˈframe-up). vals beskuldig يُلَفِّقُ تُهْمَه، يُحيك натопявам falešně obvinit komme med en falsk anklage intrigieren gegen ενοχοποιώ incriminar, culpar lavastama پاپوش درست کردن lavastaa syylliseksi monter un coup (contre); coup monté לְהַפלִיל झूठे आरोप लगाना namjestiti, podvaliti; podvala, namještaljka hamisan megvádol menjebak koma sök á e-n saklausan, falsa sönnunargögn incastrare, montare un'accusa contro ぬれぎぬをきせる (계획 등을) 꾸미다, 날조하다 neteisingai iškelti bylą, sufabrikuoti bylą sagrozīt faktus; nepatiess apvainojums; faktu sagrozīšana memerangkap vals beschuldigen dikte opp falske beviser mot fabrykować incriminar a înscena сфабриковать falošne obviniť zagosti jo (komu); podtaknjen dokaz namestiti utsätta för en komplott, sätta dit ใส่ร้าย (คำสแลง) komplo kurmak 陷害 підтасовувати کسی کو جھوٹے الزام میں پھانسنا tạo chứng cứ giả 陷害

n framework

the basic supporting structure of anything The building will be made of concrete on a steel framework. raamwerk إطار عَمَل скелет kostra, konstrukce skelet; struktur das Gerüst σκελετός estructura, marco tugiraamistik بدنه؛ استخوان بندی runko charpente שֶׁלֶד ढांचा, रूपरेखा okosnica (zgrade, čamca, broda) szerkezet kerangka (burðar)grind struttura 骨組み 뼈대, 구조물 konstrukcija, korpusas konstrukcija; karkass rangka hgeraamte rammeverk, skjelett struktura, szkielet armação structură каркас kostra, konštrukcia ogrodje osnova stomme, konstruktion ขอบข่ายงาน iskelet, çatı, şasi 構架 каркас بنیادی ساخت sườn; khung 构架

frame of mind

mental state He is in a strange frame of mind. gedagte raamwerk مِزاج، حالَه نَفْسِيَّه душевно състояние nálada sindstilstand die Gemütsverfassung ψυχική κατάσταση estado de ánimo meeleolu روحیه mielentila disposition d'esprit מַצַב-רוּח मनोदशा raspoloženje, duševno stanje kedélyállapot keadaan pikiran hugarástand disposizione di spirito, umore 気分 마음 상태 nuotaika, nusiteikimas garastāvoklis; noskaņojums keadaan fikiran gemoedsgesteldheid sinnsstemning usposobienie, nastrój estado de espírito dispoziţie настроение duševný stav razpoloženje raspoloženje sinnesstämning สภาวะทางจิตใจ ruh hâli 精神狀態 настрій ذہنی کیفیت tâm trạng 精神状态

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frame → إطار konstrukce ramme Struktur πλαίσιο marco runko cadre okvir cornice 骨組み 틀 geraamte ramme rama moldura рама ram โครงสร้าง çerçeve khung 框架