harden (redirected from hardening off)

hard·en  (härdn)

v. hard·ened, hard·en·ing, hard·ens

v.tr.

1. To make hard or harder.

2. To enable to withstand physical or mental hardship.

3. To make unfeeling, unsympathetic, or callous: "To love love and not its meaning hardens the heart in monstrous ways" (Archibald MacLeish).

4. To make sharp, as in outline.

5. To protect (nuclear weapons) by surrounding with earth or concrete.

v.intr.

1. To become hard or harder.

2. To rise and become stable. Used of prices.

3. To become inured.

Synonyms: harden, acclimate, acclimatize, season, toughen
These verbs mean to make resistant to hardship, especially through continued exposure: was hardened to frontier life; is acclimated to the tropical heat; was acclimatized by long hours to overwork; became seasoned to life in prison; toughened by experience.

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harden¹

vb

1. to make or become hard or harder; freeze, stiffen, or set

2. to make or become more hardy, tough, or unfeeling

3. to make or become stronger or firmer they hardened defences

4. to make or become more resolute or set hardened in his resolve

5. (Business / Commerce) (intr) Commerce

a.  (of prices, a market, etc.) to cease to fluctuate

b.  (of price) to rise higher See also harden off, harden up

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harden²

n

(Clothing, Personal Arts & Crafts / Textiles) a rough fabric made from hards

Thesaurus

Verb	1.	harden - become hard or harder; "The wax hardened" indurate change - undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night" encrust, incrust - form a crust or a hard layer callus - form a callus or calluses; "His foot callused" harden, indurate - make hard or harder; "The cold hardened the butter" calcify - become impregnated with calcium salts cure - make (substances) hard and improve their usability; "cure resin"; "cure cement"; "cure soap" soften - become soft or softer; "The bread will soften if you pour some liquid on it"
	2.	harden - make hard or harder; "The cold hardened the butter" indurate change - undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night" face-harden - harden steel by adding carbon callus - cause a callus to form on; "The long march had callused his feet" anneal, temper, normalize - bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling; "temper glass" harden, indurate - become hard or harder; "The wax hardened" soften - make soft or softer; "This liquid will soften your laundry"
	3.	harden - harden by reheating and cooling in oil; "temper steel" temper modify - make less severe or harsh or extreme; "please modify this letter to make it more polite"; "he modified his views on same-gender marriage"
	4.	harden - make fit; "This trip will season even the hardiest traveller" season toughen - make tough or tougher; "This experience will toughen her"
	5.	harden - cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate; "He was inured to the cold" inure, indurate callous, cauterise, cauterize - make insensitive or callous; deaden feelings or morals brace oneself for, prepare for, steel oneself against, steel onself for - prepare mentally or emotionally for something unpleasant accustom, habituate - make psychologically or physically used (to something); "She became habituated to the background music"

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harden

verb

1. solidify, set, freeze, cake, bake, clot, thicken, stiffen, crystallize, congeal, coagulate, anneal Mould the mixture into shape before it hardens.

2. accustom, season, toughen, train, brutalize, inure, habituate, case-harden hardened by the rigours of the Siberian steppes

3. reinforce, strengthen, fortify, steel, nerve, brace, toughen, buttress, gird, indurate Their action can only serve to harden the attitude of landowners.

Translations

harden [ˈhɑːdn]

A. VT

1. (= make hard) [+ substance] → endurecer; [+ steel] → templar; [+ skin] → curtir, endurecer

2. (= make tough, harsh) → endurecer
the experience had hardened her → la experiencia la había endurecido
to harden sb to adversity → acostumbrar a algn a hacerse fuerte ante la adversidad
to harden one's heart years of putting up with his violent outbursts had hardened her heart → después de años de sufrir sus arranques de violencia se le había endurecido el corazón
she hardened her heart and refused to have him back → hizo de tripas corazón or se hizo fuerte y se negó a aceptarlo de nuevo

3. (= make determined) these experiences hardened her resolve → estas experiencias la afianzaron en su propósito
the workers' behaviour only served to harden the attitude of the managers → el comportamiento de los obreros sólo contribuyó a reforzar la actitud de la dirección

4. (Comm) (= stabilize) → estabilizar, consolidar

B. VI

1. (= become hard) [clay, arteries, icing] → endurecerse; [cement] → fraguar

2. (= become harsh, severe) [person, expression, eyes] → endurecerse
his voice hardened → el tono de su voz se endureció → adoptó un tono más áspero
my heart hardened against her → mi corazón se volvió contra ella
what happened only caused him to harden in his determination to continue → lo que sucedió sólo le afianzó más en su propósito de seguir

3. (Comm) (= stabilize) [prices, economy] → estabilizarse, consolidarse

harden [ˈhɑː^rd^ən]

vt

[+ substance] → durcir; [+ steel] → tremper

(= make tougher) [+ person] → endurcir; [+ attitude, position, resolve] → consolider; [+ position, stance] → durcir
to harden one's heart → s'endurcir

vi

[substance] → durcir

[attitude, position, resolve] → se durcir; [face, expression] → se durcir

harden

vt steel → härten; body, muscles → kräftigen, stählen (geh); person (physically) → abhärten; (emotionally) → verhärten (pej), → abstumpfen (pej); clay → hart werden lassen; this hardened his attitude → dadurch hat sich seine Haltung verhärtet; to harden oneself to something (physically) → sich gegen etw abhärten; (emotionally) → gegen etw unempfindlich werden; war had hardened the soldiers to death and killing → der Krieg hatte die Soldaten gegen den Tod und das Töten abgestumpft; to harden one’s heart against somebody → sein Herz gegen jdn verhärten (geh) ? hardened

vi (substance) → hart werden; (fig, attitude) → sich verhärten; (St Ex: = cease to fluctuate) → sich festigen, sich stabilisieren; (= rise) → anziehen; his voice hardened → seine Stimme wurde hart or bekam einen harten Klang; his eyes/face hardened → seine Augen bekamen/sein Gesicht bekam einen harten Ausdruck

harden [ˈhɑːdn]

1. vt (gen) → indurire; (steel) → temprare (fig) (determination) → rafforzare
to harden one's heart → non lasciarsi commuovere

2. vi (substance) → indurirsi

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harden [ˈhɑːdn]

1. vt (gen) → indurire; (steel) → temprare (fig) (determination) → rafforzare
to harden one's heart → non lasciarsi commuovere

2. vi (substance) → indurirsi