reference

ref·er·ence  (rfr-ns, rfrns)

n.

1. An act of referring: filed away the article for future reference.

2.

a. Significance in a specified context: Her speeches have special reference to environmental policy.

b. Meaning or denotation.

3. The state of being related or referred: with reference to; in reference to.

4. A mention of an occurrence or situation: made frequent references to her promotion.

5.

a. A note in a publication referring the reader to another passage or source.

b. The passage or source so referred to.

c. A work frequently used as a source.

d. A mark or footnote used to direct a reader elsewhere for additional information.

6. Law

a. Submission of a case to a referee.

b. Legal actions conducted before or by a referee.

7.

a. A person who is in a position to recommend another or to vouch for his or her fitness, as for a job.

b. A statement about a person's qualifications, character, and dependability.

tr.v. ref·er·enced, ref·er·enc·ing, ref·er·ences

1. To supply references to: "Our memories are addressed and referenced . . . by significant fragments of their own content" (Frederick Turner).

2. To mention in a reference; refer to: He referenced her book in his speech. See Usage Note at allude.

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refer·enc·er n.

refer·ential (--rnshl) adj.

refer·ential·ly adv.

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reference [ˈrɛfərəns ˈrɛfrəns]

n

1. the act or an instance of referring

2. something referred, esp proceedings submitted to a referee in law

3. a direction of the attention to a passage elsewhere or to another book, document, etc.

4. a book or passage referred to

5. a mention or allusion this book contains several references to the Civil War

6. (Philosophy) Philosophy

a.  the relation between a word, phrase, or symbol and the object or idea to which it refers

b.  the object referred to by an expression Compare sense [13]

7.

a.  a source of information or facts

b.  (as modifier) a reference book a reference library

8. a written testimonial regarding one's character or capabilities

9. a person referred to for such a testimonial

10.

a.  (foll by to) relation or delimitation, esp to or by membership of a specific class or group; respect or regard all people, without reference to sex or age

b.  (as modifier) a reference group

terms of reference the specific limits of responsibility that determine the activities of an investigating body, etc.

point of reference a fact forming the basis of an evaluation or assessment; criterion

vb (tr)

1. to furnish or compile a list of references for (an academic thesis, publication, etc.)

2. to make a reference to; refer to he referenced Chomsky, 1956

prep

Business with reference to reference your letter of the 9th inst Abbreviation re

referencer  n

referential  [ˌrɛfəˈrɛnʃəl] adj

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	reference - a remark that calls attention to something or someone; "she made frequent mention of her promotion"; "there was no mention of it"; "the speaker made several references to his wife" mention comment, remark, input - a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information; "from time to time she contributed a personal comment on his account" allusion - passing reference or indirect mention retrospection - reference to things past; "the story begins with no introductory retrospections" name-dropping - the practice of casually mentioning important people in order to impress your listener; "the hard thing about name-dropping is to avoid being too obvious about it"
	2.	reference - a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; "the student's essay failed to list several important citations"; "the acknowledgments are usually printed at the front of a book"; "the article includes mention of similar clinical cases" cite, quotation, mention, acknowledgment, citation, credit annotation, notation, note - a comment or instruction (usually added); "his notes were appended at the end of the article"; "he added a short notation to the address on the envelope" photo credit - a note acknowledging the source of a published photograph cross-index, cross-reference - a reference at one place in a work to information at another place in the same work
	3.	reference - an indicator that orients you generally; "it is used as a reference for comparing the heating and the electrical energy involved" point of reference, reference point bench mark, benchmark - a surveyor's mark on a permanent object of predetermined position and elevation used as a reference point landmark - a mark showing the boundary of a piece of land lubber line, lubber's line, lubber's mark, lubber's point - a fixed line on a ship's compass indicating its heading target, mark - a reference point to shoot at; "his arrow hit the mark" white line - a white stripe in the middle of a road to mark traffic lanes indicator - a signal for attracting attention buoy - bright-colored; a float attached by rope to the seabed to mark channels in a harbor or underwater hazards
	4.	reference - a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts; "he contributed articles to the basic reference work on that topic" book of facts, reference book, reference work book - a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together); "I am reading a good book on economics" cookbook, cookery book - a book of recipes and cooking directions instruction book - a book of directions for using or operating some piece of equipment source book - a collection of historically important documents published together as a book wordbook - a reference book containing words (usually with their meanings) enchiridion, handbook, vade mecum - a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or location directory - an alphabetical list of names and addresses yearly, annual, yearbook - a reference book that is published regularly once every year book of maps, map collection, atlas - a collection of maps in book form cyclopaedia, cyclopedia, encyclopaedia, encyclopedia - a reference work (often in several volumes) containing articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order) dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular specialty
	5.	reference - a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability; "requests for character references are all too often answered evasively" character reference, character good word, recommendation, testimonial - something that recommends (or expresses commendation of) a person or thing as worthy or desirable
	6.	reference - the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to; "the extension of `satellite of Mars' is the set containing only Demos and Phobos" denotation, extension meaning, substance - the idea that is intended; "What is the meaning of this proverb?"
	7.	reference - the act of referring or consulting; "reference to an encyclopedia produced the answer" consultation action - something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions"
	8.	reference - a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to; "he carried an armful of references back to his desk"; "he spent hours looking for the source of that quotation" source publication - a copy of a printed work offered for distribution
	9.	reference - (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored address, computer address computer science, computing - the branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structures computer code, code - (computer science) the symbolic arrangement of data or instructions in a computer program or the set of such instructions parameter, argument - (computer science) a reference or value that is passed to a function, procedure, subroutine, command, or program uniform resource locator, universal resource locator, URL - the address of a web page on the world wide web
	10.	reference - the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to; "he argued that reference is a consequence of conditioned reflexes" meaning, substance - the idea that is intended; "What is the meaning of this proverb?"
Verb	1.	reference - refer to; "he referenced his colleagues' work" cite authorship, penning, writing, composition - the act of creating written works; "writing was a form of therapy for him"; "it was a matter of disputed authorship" indite, pen, write, compose - produce a literary work; "She composed a poem"; "He wrote four novels"

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reference

noun

1. allusion, note, comment, mention, remark, quotation, citation He summed up his philosophy, with reference to Calvin.

2. citation, note, source, credit, footnote, authority I would have found a brief list of references useful.

3. passing on, transfer, handing over, submission, turning over, committal, consignment, deliverance The claimants are seeking a reference to the European court of Justice.

4. testimonial, recommendation, credentials, endorsement, certification, good word, character reference The firm offered to give her a reference.

verb

refer to, mention, cite, speak of, bring up, invoke, touch on, allude to, make reference, make mention of It specifically referenced a 1928 book on the subject.

with reference to concerning, regarding, relating to, in connection with, with respect to I'm calling with reference to your series on prejudice.

Translations

reference [ˈrefrəns]

A. N

1. (= act of referring) → consulta f
an index is included for ease of reference or for easy reference → se incluye un índice para facilitar la consulta
it was agreed without reference to me → se acordó sin consultarme
for future reference, please note that → por si importa en el futuro, obsérvese que ...
I'll keep it for future reference → lo guardo por si hace falta consultarlo en el futuro

2. (= allusion) → alusión f, referencia f
I can't find any reference to him in the files → no encuentro nada que haga referencia a él en los archivos
he does this by reference to the same principles → hace esto tomando como referencia los mismos principios
without reference to any particular case → sin referirse a ningún caso(en)concreto
with particular reference to → con referencia especial a ...
he spoke without any reference to you → habló sin mencionarte para nada
to make reference to sth/sb → hacer referencia a algo/algn, hacer alusión a algo/algn
see also passing

3. (= identifying source) (in text) → referencia f, remisión f; (= citation) → referencia f (Comm) (in letter, catalogue) (also reference number) → número m de referencia; (on map) → indicación f (Typ) (also reference mark) → llamada f
"reference XYZ2" → "número de referencia: XYZ2"
to look up a reference (in book) → buscar una referencia; (on map) → seguir las coordenadas
see also cross-reference, grid

4. (= testimonial, document) → referencia f, informe m; (= person) → garante mf, fiador(a) m/f
she has good references → tiene buenas referencias, tiene buenos informes
the firm offered to give her a reference → la empresa se ofreció a darle referencias or informes
to take up (sb's) references → pedir referencias or informes(de algn)
see also character, credit

5. (= remit)
see frame A4
see point D
see term A6.1

B. VT

1. (= provide references for) [+ book] → dotar de referencias a

2. (= refer to) [+ source] → citar

C. CPD [material, tool, room] → de consulta
reference book N → libro m de consulta
reference group N (Sociol) → grupo m de estudio
reference library N → biblioteca f de consulta
reference mark N → llamada f
reference number N → número m de referencia
reference point N → punto m de referencia
reference price N (Agr) → precio m de referencia

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reference [ˈrɛf^ərəns]

n

(= mention) → allusion f, mention f
a reference to sth/sb → une allusion à qch/qn
to make a reference to sth → faire allusion à qch, faire une allusion à qch
He made no reference to the murder → Il n'a fait aucune allusion au meurtre.

with reference to (in letter) → suite à
in reference to (in letter) → suite à

(= consultation) → consultation f
for future reference → pour information

(= note) (in book) → référence f, renvoi m

(also reference number) (on letter, order, application) → référence f
"please quote this reference" → "prière de rappeler cette référence"

(on map) → coordonnées fpl map reference

(for job application) (= letter) → références fpl, lettre f de recommandation
Would you please give me a reference? → Pouvez-vous me faire une lettre de recommandation?, Pouvez-vous me fournir des références?

(for job application) (= person) → répondant(e) m/f

vi
to reference to sth (= refer to) → faire référence à qch

vt (= refer to) → faire référence à
reference book n → ouvrage m de référence
reference library n → bibliothèque f d'ouvrages de référence
reference number n → numéro m de référence

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reference

n

(= act of mentioning) → Erwähnung f → (to sb/sth jds/einer Sache); (= allusion, direct) → Bemerkung f (→ to über +acc); (indirect) → Anspielung f (→ to auf +acc); to make (a) reference to something → etw erwähnen; reference to any such delicate issue should be avoided → eine so delikate Sache sollte nicht erwähnt werden; this was not said with reference to you → diese Worte waren nicht auf dich gemünzt; in or with reference to → was … anbetrifft; (Comm) → bezüglich (+gen); reference your letter … (Comm) → mit Bezug auf Ihren Brief … (form); without reference to age → ungeachtet des Alters; without reference to one’s notes → ohne seine Aufzeichnungen zu Hilfe zu nehmen; keep these details for (future) reference → bewahren Sie diese Einzelheiten als Beleg (für später) auf

no pl (= act of passing, of matter, problem) → Weiterleitung f (→ to an +acc); (of decision) → Übergabe f (→ to an +acc)

(= testimonial, also references) → Referenz(en) f(pl), → Zeugnis nt; to give somebody a good reference → jdm gute Referenzen or ein gutes Zeugnis ausstellen; a banker’s reference → eine Bankauskunft or -referenz; I’ve been asked to give him a reference → man hat mich gebeten, ihm eine Referenz zu geben

(= note redirecting reader, in book, on map etc) → Verweis m; (Comm) → Zeichen nt; reference mark or sign (Typ) → Verweiszeichen nt ? cross-reference

(= connection) to have reference to → in Beziehung stehen mit or zu; this has no/little reference to → das steht in keiner/in kaum einer Beziehung zu

(= authority, scope: of committee, tribunal) → Zuständigkeitsbereich m ? term

(esp US) = referee N c

(Comput) → Referenz f

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reference:

reference book

n → Nachschlagewerk nt

reference library

n → Präsenzbibliothek f

reference number

n → Aktenzeichen nt; (of subscriber etc) → Nummer f

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reference [ˈrɛfr/əns]

1. n

a. (allusion, direct) → riferimento, menzione f; (indirect) → allusione f; (relation, connection) → rapporto (Comm) (in letter) with reference to → in or con riferimento a
without reference to any particular case → senza nessun riferimento specifico

b. (from book, list) → rimando; (on letter) → numero di riferimento; (on map) → coordinate fpl
"please quote this reference" (Comm) → "si prega di far riferimento al numero di protocollo"

c. (testimonial) reference(s) → referenze fpl
may I give you as a reference? → posso dare il suo nome per referenze?

2. adj (library) → di consultazione; (point) → di riferimento

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reference [ˈrɛfr/əns]

1. n

a. (allusion, direct) → riferimento, menzione f; (indirect) → allusione f; (relation, connection) → rapporto (Comm) (in letter) with reference to → in or con riferimento a
without reference to any particular case → senza nessun riferimento specifico

b. (from book, list) → rimando; (on letter) → numero di riferimento; (on map) → coordinate fpl
"please quote this reference" (Comm) → "si prega di far riferimento al numero di protocollo"

c. (testimonial) reference(s) → referenze fpl
may I give you as a reference? → posso dare il suo nome per referenze?

2. adj (library) → di consultazione; (point) → di riferimento

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reference → مرجع zmínka reference Bezugnahme παραπομπή referencia viite référence upućivanje na riferimento 参考 참조 referentie referanse odniesienie referência ссылка hänvisning เอกสารอ้างอิง gönderme sự nhắc đến 推荐信