should

should  (shd)

aux.v. Past tense of shall

1. Used to express obligation or duty: You should send her a note.

2. Used to express probability or expectation: They should arrive at noon.

3. Used to express conditionality or contingency: If she should fall, then so would I.

4. Used to moderate the directness or bluntness of a statement: I should think he would like to go.

Usage Note: Like the rules governing the use of shall and will on which they are based, the traditional rules governing the use of should and would are largely ignored in modern American practice. Either should or would can now be used in the first person to express conditional futurity: If I had known that, I would (or somewhat more formally, should) have answered differently. But in the second and third persons only would is used: If he had known that, he would (not should) have answered differently. Would cannot always be substituted for should, however. Should is used in all three persons in a conditional clause: if I (or you or he) should decide to go. Should is also used in all three persons to express duty or obligation (the equivalent of ought to): I (or you or he) should go. On the other hand, would is used to express volition or promise: I agreed that I would do it. Either would or should is possible as an auxiliary with like, be inclined, be glad, prefer, and related verbs: I would (or should) like to call your attention to an oversight. Here would was acceptable on all levels to a large majority of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey and is more common in American usage than should.·Should have is sometimes incorrectly written should of by writers who have mistaken the source of the spoken contraction should've. See Usage Notes at if, rather, shall.

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should

Verb

the past tense of shall: used to indicate that an action is considered by the speaker to be obligatory (you should go) or to form the subjunctive mood (I should like to see you; if I should die; should I be late, start without me) [Old English sceolde]

USAGE: Should has, as its most common meaning in modern English, the sense ought as in I should go to the graduation, but I don't see how I can. However, the older sense of the subjunctive of shall is often used with I or we to indicate a more polite form than would: I should like to go, but I can't. In much speech and writing, should has been replaced by would in contexts of this kind, but it remains in formal English when a conditional subjunctive is used: should he choose to remain, he would be granted asylum.

Translations

should [ʃud] aux vb I should go now → debo irme ahora;

he should be there now → debe de haber llegado (ya);

I should go if I were you → yo en tu lugar me iría;

I should like to → me gustaría;

should he phone ... → si llamara ..., en caso de que llamase ...

should [ʃud] aux vb I should go now → je devrais partir maintenant;

he should be there now → il devrait être arrivé maintenant;

I should go if I were you → si j'étais vous j'irais;

I should like to → volontiers, j'aimerais bien;

should he phone ... → si jamais il téléphone ...

should [ʃud] aux vb I should go now → ich sollte jetzt gehen;

he should be there now → er müsste eigentlich schon da sein;

I should go if I were you → an deiner Stelle würde ich gehen;

I should like to → ich möchte gerne, ich würde gerne;

should he phone ... → falls er anruft ...

should [ʃud] aux vb I should go now → dovrei andare ora;

he should be there now → dovrebbe essere arrivato ora;

I should go if I were you → se fossi in lei andrei;

I should like to → mi piacerebbe;

should he phone ... → se telefonasse ...

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should

v should [ʃud]

1  past tense of shall I thought I should never see you again.salصيغة الماضي من الفِعل بِمَعنى: يَجِبмод. глагол, няма(budoucí čas po minulém čase)skullept von shallθα (με παρατατικό)habría(abiverbi shall minevikuvorm)بايدisi-rais, -rait, -rions, ...פוֹעָל עֵזֶר לִזמָן עָבָרचाहूंगाpreterit od shall(jövő időre utalás)akanmundi(ausiliare per la formazione del condizionale presente e passato)shallの過去?shall의 과거형? ...일 것이다(palīgdarbības vārds nākotnes pagātnē veidošanai)akanzouvillehavia devoi..., vom...форма прошедшего времени глагола shall(minulý čas od shall)nećuskulleควรจะNot: shall'in geçmiş zaman şekli將допоміжне дієслово для утворення 1-ї особи однини і множини майбутнього в минуломуکا ماضی shalldiễn tả sự ngạc nhiên将

2 used to state that something ought to happen, be done etc You should hold your knife in your right hand; You shouldn't have said that.moesتُسْتَعْمَل لتعني: كان يَجِب أنтрябва(náležitost)skulle; burdeKonjunktivθα έπρεπε ναdeber (hacer algo)peaksبهتراستpitäisidevoirצָרִיך, הָיָה צָרִיךकरना चाहिए थाtrebalo bi, treba se (dogoditi)kellene; kellett volnasemestinyaættidovere～すべきである...하여야 하다(kam) derėtų, reikėtų(izsaka nepieciešamību; pienākumu; ieteikumu)sepatutnyamoetenburde, skullepowinienem, powinieneś itd.deviaa trebuiтебе (не) следует, полагается так поступать(povinnosť)treba daskulle, borde, börน่าจะ(yap)malı, (yap)sa iyi olur, ...-meliydi (ama olmadı)(應)該повинен; слідفریضہ ظاہر کرنے کے لیے مستعملdiễn tả cái gì phải, nên xảy ra hoặc được làm（应）该

3 used to state that something is likely to happen etc If you leave now, you should arrive there by six o'clock.behoortتُسْتَعْمَل لِتَعني: من المُحْتَمَل أنби трябвало(pravděpodobnost)skulle kunneAusdruck der Wahrscheinlichkeitθα πρέπει ναdeber (de)peaksاحنمالاisiarriver probablementרָצוּיयह व्यक्त करने के लिए कि कुछ होने वाला हैtrebalo bi, treba se (dogoditi)(valószínűség:) kellmestinyaættir(essere probabile)～のはずだ...할 것이다turėčiau, turėtum ir t.t.(izsaka pieņēmumu)mungkin akanzullenburde, skullepowinienem, powinieneś itd.é provável quea urma (să)употребляется для выражения действия, которое предположительно произойдёт(pravdepodobnosť)treba daborde, börน่าจะherhâlde ...-ecek可能повиненامکان ظاہر کرنے کے لیے مستعملdiễn tả cái gì có thể xảy ra可能

4 used after certain expressions of sorrow, surprise etc I'm surprised you should think that.souتُسْتَعْمَل للتعبير عن: الأسَف، المُفاجأهче наистина(lítost, překvapení)ville; skullenach Ausdrücken der Überraschung etc.μπορώ να (για να δηλώσει λύπη, έκπληξη κτλ.)que + subjuntivo(väljendab kõneleja hinnangut)كه ؛ اينكهne pas en revenir que...אִםआश्चर्य या दुख जताने के बाद उपयोग होना हैprezent (npr. Čudi me da to misliš.)(meglepődés:) ...-na/-ne/-námasa(-kan)skulir(che più congiuntivo)～とは...하다니(lieto, lai izteiktu emocionālu pastiprinājumu)bolehkunnenvillemiałbym, miałbyś itd.(que) penses, etc.a nu-i veni să creadă că ...употребляется для выражения сожаления, удивления и т.п.(ľútosť, prekvapenie)štooöversatt: det förvånar mig att du tycker detใช้ตามหลังประโยคแสดงความเศร้าหรือประหลาดใจ...-mesi, ...-men竟然вживається після певних виразів жалю, подивуغم ، حیرانی وغیرہ ظاہر کرنے کے لیےdùng sau sự biểu thị ngạc nhiên hay đau khổ竟然

5 used after if to state a condition If anything should happen to me, I want you to remember everything I have told you today.souتُسْتَعْمَل بعد أداة الشَّرط للتعبير عن الشَّرطако (случайно)(podmínka: kdyby snad...)skulleKonditionellτυχόν (για υπόθεση)(usado para expresar condicional: if anything should happen to me = si algo me sucediera)(väljendab tingivat kõneviisi)sattuisisi...אִםकिसी स्थिति के बाद उपयोग होता हैprezent (Ako mi se nešto dogodi, želim da se sjetiš svega što sam ti danas rekao.)(feltételes:) ...-na/-ne/-náseandainya (jika di belakangskyldi (komi e-ð fyrir .{{TH}}.{{TH}}.)(dovere)万一～したら만약 ...한다면(lieto nosacījuma emocionālam pastiprinājumam)terjadizouskullegdyby przypadkiem(se) acontecer, etc.aş, ai, ar, am, aţi, arупотребляется в условных предложениях(podmienka: keby snáď ...)akoskulleควรจะ (ใช้หลัง if เพื่อแสดงเงื่อนไข)...-ecek olursa, ...-se萬一(用在if後的條件句)допоміжне дієслово для утворення умовного способуجزو شرطیہdùng sau“if” diễn tả một điều kiện万一（用在if后的条件句）

6 (with I or we) used to state that a person wishes something was possible I should love to go to France (if only I had enough money).souتُسْتَعْمَل مع ضمير المُتَكَلِّم للتعْبير عن الرَّغَبَه او الأُمنِيَهбих(podmínka: jen kdybych...)kunne godt tænkeAusdruck eines Wunschesθα ήθελα ναgustar (I should love to go to France = me gustaría ir a Francia)meeldiksمايلم كهisisi seulement...הָיִיתִי, הָיִית...चाहत जताने के लिए उपयोग होता हैkondicional sadašnji (npr. Voljela bih ići u Francusku...)szeretnék ...akanég vildi gjarnan .{{TH}}.{{TH}}.(ausiliare per la formazione del condizionale presente e passato)～するだろうに나[]로서는 ...할 텐데[](lieto vēlējuma izteiksmes veidošanai)memangzouskulle/vil(le) gjernegostaria dedoar dacă...выражает сильное желание(podmienka: keby len ...)kada biskulleใช้กับ I และ we เพื่อแสดงคิดเห็นที่ไม่แน่ใจİstiyorum, İsterim, İsterdim與I和we連用，表示可能性допоміжне дієслово для утворення умовного способуکوئی خواہش یا کسی چیز کے ہونے کا امکان ظاہر کرنے کے لیےdiễn tả ước muốn khả thi của ai đó与I和we连用，表示可能性

7 used to refer to an event etc which is rather surprising I was just about to get on the bus when who should come along but John, the very person I was going to visit.verrassendتُسْتَعْمَل للإشارة إلى حَدَثٍ مُفاجئкой мислиш(překvapení)skulleAusdruck höchster Überraschungέτυχε να (για κτ. που προκαλεί έκπληξη)(usado para referirse a una situación no esperada)(väljendab üllatust)قاعدتا بايد اينطورباشد كهet voilà que...הָיָה צָרִיךकिसी आश्चर्यजनक घटना की अभिव्यक्ति के लिए उपयोग होता हैupravo, baš(váratlan esemény:) és ki más(t) ...akanhver heldur þú að hafi þá ekki .{{TH}}.{{TH}}.dovereこともあろうに도대체 ...일까(lieto, lai izteiktu emocionālu pastiprinājumu)sepatutnyazouskullehavia deşi iată că...подчёркивает удивление(prekvapenie)bi[] om inteใช้อ้างถึงเหตุการณ์ที่ค่อนข้างประหลาดใจne (ol)sa竟會(表示驚奇)вказує на дивовижність подіїکسی حیران کن واقعہ کو بیان کرنے کے لیےdiễn tả một sự kiện khá gây ngạc nhiên竟会（表示惊奇）