SO

SO

abbr.

1. seller's option

2. significant other

3. strikeout

---

so ¹  (s)

adv.

1. In the condition or manner expressed or indicated; thus: Hold the brush so.

2. To the amount or degree expressed or understood; to such an extent: She was so weary that she fell.

3. To a great extent; to such an evident degree: But the idea is so obvious.

4. Because of the reason given; consequently: She was weary and so fell.

5. Afterward; then: to the gas station and so home.

6. In the same way; likewise: You were on time and so was I.

7. Apparently; well, then. Used in expressing astonishment, disapproval, or sarcasm: So you think you've got troubles?

8. In truth; indeed: "You aren't right." "I am so!"

adj.

1. True; factual: I wouldn't have told you this if it weren't so.

2. In good order: Everything on his desk must be exactly so.

conj. Usage Problem

1. With the result or consequence that: He failed to appear, so we went on without him.

2. In order that: I stayed so I could see you.

pron.

Such as has already been suggested or specified; the same: She became a loyal friend and remained so.

interj.

Used to express surprise or comprehension: So! You've finished your work at last.

Idioms:

so as to

In order to: Mail your package early so as to ensure its timely arrival.

so that

1. In order that: I stopped so that you could catch up.

2. With the result or consequence that.

so what

Used to express contempt or lack of interest.

---

[Middle English, from Old English sw; see swo- in Indo-European roots.]

Usage Note: Many critics and grammarians have insisted that so must be followed by that in formal writing when used to introduce a clause giving the reason for or purpose of an action: He stayed so that he could see the second feature. But since many respected writers use so for so that in formal writing, it seems best to consider the issue one of stylistic preference: The store stays open late so (or so that) people who work all day can buy groceries. · Both so and so that are acceptably used to introduce clauses that state a result or consequence: The Bay Bridge was still closed, so (or so that) the drive from San Francisco to the Berkeley campus took an hour and a half. · So is frequently used in informal speech to string together the elements of a narrative. In most cases, this practice should not be carried over into formal writing, where readers need connections to be made more explicit. · Critics have sometimes objected to the use of so as an intensive meaning "to a great degree or extent," as in We were so relieved to learn that the deadline had been extended. This usage is most common in informal contexts, perhaps because, unlike the neutral very, it presumes that the listener or reader will be sympathetic to the speaker's evaluation of the situation. Thus one would be more apt to say It was so unfair of them not to invite you than to say It was so fortunate that I didn't have to put up with your company. For just this reason, the construction may occasionally be used to good effect in more formal contexts to invite the reader to take the point of view of the speaker or subject: The request seemed to her to be quite reasonable; it was so unfair of the manager to refuse. See Usage Note at as¹.

Regional Note: New England speakers often use a negative form such as so didn't where other varieties would use the positive so did, as in Sophie ate all her strawberries and so didn't Amelia. Since this usage may confuse a speaker who has not previously encountered it, it is best avoided in writing.

---

so ²  (s)

n. Music

Variant of sol¹.

---

so ¹

Adverb

1. to such an extent: the river is so dirty that it smells

2. to the same extent as: she is not so old as you

3. extremely: it's so lovely

4. also: I can speak Spanish and so can you

5. thereupon: and so we ended up in France

6. in the state or manner expressed or implied: they're happy and will remain so

7. and so on or forth and continuing similarly

8. or so approximately: fifty or so people came to see me

9. so be it an expression of agreement or resignation

10. so much

a. a certain degree or amount (of)

b. a lot (of): it's just so much nonsense

11. so much for

a. no more need be said about

b. used to express contempt for something that has failed: so much for all our plans

conj

(often foll. by that)

1. in order (that): to die so that you might live

2. with the consequence (that): he was late home, so that there was trouble

3. so as in order (to): to diet so as to lose weight

4. Not standard in consequence: she wasn't needed, so she left

5. so what! Informal that is unimportant

pron

used to substitute for a clause or sentence, which may be understood: you'll stop because I said so

Adjective

true: it can't be so

interj

an exclamation of surprise or triumph [Old English swā]

USAGE: In formal English, so is not used as a conjunction to indicate either purpose (he left by a back door so he could avoid photographers) or result (the project was abandoned so his services were no longer needed). In the former case to or in order to should be used instead, and in the latter case and so or and therefore would be more acceptable. The expression so therefore should not be used.

---

so ²

Noun

Music same as soh

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	so - the syllable naming the fifth (dominant) note of any musical scale in solmization soh, sol solfa syllable - one of the names for notes of a musical scale in solmization
Adv.	1.	so - to a very great extent or degree; "the idea is so obvious"; "never been so happy"; "I love you so"; "my head aches so!" intensifier, intensive - a modifier that has little meaning except to intensify the meaning it modifies; "`up' in `finished up' is an intensifier"; "`honestly' in `I honestly don't know' is an intensifier"
	2.	so - in a manner that facilitates; "he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior"; "he stooped down so he could pick up his hat"
	3.	so - in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied; "They're happy and I hope they will remain so"; "so live your life that old age will bring no regrets"
	4.	so - to a certain unspecified extent or degree; "I can only go so far with this student"; "can do only so much in a day"
	5.	so - in the same way; also; "I was offended and so was he"; "worked hard and so did she"
	6.	so - in the way indicated; "hold the brush so"; "set up the pieces thus"; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) thusly, thus
	7.	so - (usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed; "he was so tired he could hardly stand"; "so dirty that it smells"
	8.	so - subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors); "then he left"; "go left first, then right"; "first came lightning, then thunder"; "we watched the late movie and then went to bed"; "and so home and to bed" and so, and then, then
	9.	so - (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result; "therefore X must be true"; "the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory"; "we were young and thence optimistic"; "it is late and thus we must go"; "the witness is biased and so cannot be trusted" hence, therefore, thus, thence
	10.	so - in truth (often tends to intensify); "they said the car would break down and indeed it did"; "it is very cold indeed"; "was indeed grateful"; "indeed, the rain may still come"; "he did so do it!" indeed

---

so

sentence connector therefore, thus, hence, consequently, then, as a result, accordingly, for that reason, whence, thence, ergo

Translations

so [səu] adv (= thus, likewise) → así, de este modo;

if so → de ser así;

I like swimming -- so do I → a mí me gusta nadar -- a mí también;

I've got work to do -- so has Paul → tengo trabajo que hacer -- Paul también;

it's 5 o'clock -- so it is! → son las cinco -- ¡pues es verdad!;

I hope/think so → espero/creo que sí;

so far → hasta ahora;

(in past) → hasta este momento;

so to speak → por decirlo así

2. (in comparisons etc) (= to such a degree); tan;

so quickly (that) → tan rápido (que);

so big (that) → tan grande (que);

she's not so clever as her brother → no es tan lista como su hermano;

we were so worried → estábamos preocupadísimos

3. so much adj → tanto/a

adv → tanto;

so many → tantos/as

4. (phrases): 10 or so → unos 10, 10 o así;

so long! (col) (= goodbye); ¡hasta luego!;

she didn't so much as send me a birthday card → no me mandó ni una tarjeta siquiera por mi cumpleaños;

so (what)? (col) → ¿y (qué)? conj (expressing purpose): so as to do → para hacer;

so (that) → para que + subjun;

we hurried so (that) we wouldn't be late → nos dimos prisa para no llegar tarde

2. (expressing result) → así que;

so you see, I could have gone → así que ya ves, (yo) podría haber ido;

so that's the reason! → ¡así que es por eso or por eso es!

---

so [səu] adv 1. (= thus, likewise) → ainsi, de cette façon;

if so → si oui;

so do or have I → moi aussi;

it's 5 o'clock so it is! → il est 5 heures en effet! or c'est vrai!;

I hope/think so → je l'espère/le crois;

so far → jusqu'ici, jusqu'à maintenant;

(in past) → jusque-là;

quite so! → exactement!, c'est bien ça!;

even so → quand même, tout de même

2. (in comparisons etc) (= to such a degree); si, tellement;

so big (that) → si or tellement grand (que);

she's not so clever as her brother → elle n'est pas aussi intelligente que son frère

3. so much adj, adv → tant (de);

I've got so much work → j'ai tant de travail;

I love you so much → je vous aime tant;

so many → tant (de)

4. (phrases);

10 or so → à peu près or environ 10;

so long! (inf) (= goodbye); au revoir!, à un de ces jours!;

so to speak → pour ainsi dire;

so (what)? (inf) → (bon) et alors?, et après? conj

1. (expressing purpose);

so as to do → pour faire, afin de faire;

so (that) → pour que or afin que + sub

2. (expressing result) → donc, par conséquent;

so that → si bien que, de (telle) sorte que;

so that's the reason! → c'est donc (pour) ça!;

so you see, I could have gone → alors tu vois, j'aurais pu y aller

---

so [səu] adv 1. (= thus, likewise) → so;

so saying he walked away → mit diesen Worten ging er weg;

if so → falls ja;

I didn't do it you did so! → ich hab es nicht getan hast du wohl!;

so do I, so am I etc → ich auch;

it's 5 o'clock so it is! → es ist 5 Uhr tatsächlich!;

I hope/think so → ich hoffe/glaube ja;

so far → bis jetzt

2. (in comparisons etc) (= to such a degree); so;

so big/quickly (that) → so groß/schnell(, dass);

I'm so glad to see you → ich bin ja so froh, dich zu sehen

3. so much → so viel;

I've got so much work → ich habe so viel Arbeit;

I love you so much → ich liebe dich so sehr;

so many → so viele

4. (phrases);

10 or so → 10 oder so;

so long! (inf) (= goodbye); tschüss! conj

1. (expressing purpose);

so as to do sth → um etw zu tun;

so (that) → damit

2. (expressing result) → also;

so I was right after all → ich hatte also doch Recht;

so you see, I could have gone → wie Sie sehen, hätte ich gehen können;

so (what)? → na und?

---

so [səu] adv 1. (= thus, likewise) → così;

if so → se è così, quand'è così;

I didn't do it -- you did so! → non l'ho fatto io -- sì che l'hai fatto!;

so do I, so am I → anch'io;

it's 5 o'clock -- so it is! → sono le 5 -- davvero!;

I hope so → lo spero;

I think so → penso di sì;

quite so! → esattamente!;

even so → comunque;

so far → finora, fin qui;

(in past) → fino ad allora

2. (in comparisons etc) (= to such a degree); così;

so big (that) → così grande (che);

she's not so clever as her brother → lei non è (così) intelligente come suo fratello

3. so much adj → tanto/a

adv → tanto;

I've got so much work/money → ho tanto lavoro/tanti soldi;

I love you so much → ti amo tanto;

so many → tanti/e

4. (phrases): 10 or so → circa 10;

so long! (col) (= goodbye); ciao!, ci vediamo!;

so to speak → per così dire;

so what? (col) → e allora?, e con questo? conj

1. (expressing purpose): so as to do → in modo or così da fare;

we hurried so as not to be late → ci affrettammo per non fare tardi;

so (that) → affinché + sub; perché + sub

2. (expressing result): he didn't arrive so I left → non è venuto così me ne sono andata;

so you see, I could have gone → vedi, sarei potuto andare;

so that's the reason! → allora è questo il motivo!, ecco perché!

---

so

adv so [səu]

1 (used in several types of sentence to express degree) to this extent, or to such an extent The snake was about so long,' he said, holding his hands about a metre apart; Don't get so worried!; She was so pleased with his progress in school that she bought him a new bicycle; They couldn't all get into the room, there were so many of them; He departed without so much as (= without even) a goodbye; You've been so (= very) kind to me!; Thank you so much! so تُعَبِّر عن دَرَجَة الشَّيء: إلى هذا الحَد، جِدا، كثيرا толкова tak så so τόσο tan, tanto nii, väga تا اين اندازه تا اندازه اي niin, näin, paljon tellement כָּל כָּך इस प्रकार, ऐसे toliko, do tog stupnja annyira begitu svo/mjög (mikið) così それほど 그만큼, 그렇게 tiek, taip, toks tik; tādā mērā sungguh; banyak; sangat zo så tak (bardzo) tão/tanto atât de так, до такой степени tak tako toliko så มาก bu/o kadar (表示程度)這樣，那樣，那麼 так; вживається для посилення اتنا، ایسا، اس قدر rất, cực kì （表示程度）这样，那样，那么

2 (used to express manner) in this/that way As you hope to be treated by others, so you must treat them; He likes everything to be (arranged) just so (= in one particular and precise way); It so happens that I have to go to an important meeting tonight. so تُعَبِّر عن الحالَه: هكَذا така tak sådan; således so έτσι así nii(moodi) اين طور بدين نحو niin, noin ainsi כָּך इतना, इस हद तक tako, na ovaj/onaj način így, úgy demikian þannig, svo, svona così そのように 그와 같이, 그렇게 taip tā; tādā veidā oleh itu zo slik, sånn tak, w ten sposób assim aşa таким образом, так tak tako tako så อย่างที่ควรจะเป็น öyle, böyle (表示方式、方式、情況)這樣，那樣 так, таким чином اس طرح سے، ایسے đến mức, đến nỗi （表示方式、方式、情况）这样，那样

3 (used in place of a word, phrase etc previously used, or something previously stated) as already indicated Are you really leaving your job?' `Yes, I've already told you / said so'; Is she arriving tomorrow?' `Yes, I hope so'; If you haven't read the notice, please do so now; Is that so (= true)?' `Yes, it's really so'; Was your father angry?' `Yes, even more so than I was expecting – in fact, so much so that he refused to speak to me all day! soveel تُسْتَعْمَل بدلا من كَلِمَةٍ أو عِبارَةٍ سابِقَه: هذا، هكذا така (за начин) tak det; sådan; så at das, so, so... daß αυτό, έτσι eso nii, nii jah همان طور niin cela כָּך उसी तरह kako je već rečeno (poznato), tako (helyeslés, megerősítés) begitu það questo; così そう 그러한 상태로 taip tā (atsaucoties uz iepriekšminēto vārdu) seperti yang telah diberitahu het, waar det; slik; så tak isso/que sim/assim, etc. aceasta так, как (уже сказано) to, tak tako toliko så, det เช่นนั้น öyle, doğru, haklısın 代替前面己用(提)過的詞、短語或事情 це, те پہلے بولے گیے فقرے کی جگہ مستعمل dùng để chỉ kết quả 代替前面己用（提）过的词、短语或事情

4 in the same way; also I hope we'll meet again.' `So do I.'; She has a lot of money and so has her husband. ook أيْضا، بِنَفْس الطَّريقَه също stajně tak det samme; også auch το ίδιο también nii ka, (nii)samuti هم چنين niin, samoin de même כָּך इसी तरह na isti način, također szintén, is juga sömuleiðis, líka anche; lo stesso そのように ...도 또한［역시］ irgi, taip pat arī; tāpat pun ook det samme tak jak i ..., i ... też também la fel так же; тоже (rovnako) aj tudi takođe det ... också เช่นกัน ...-de/da 同樣 теж, також اسی طرح سے، ویسے ہی cũng thế 同样

5 (used to express agreement or confirmation) indeed You said you were going shopping today.' `So I did, but I've changed my mind.'; You'll need this book tomorrow, won't you?' `So I will.' ja, wel تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن المُوافَقَه أو التأكيد: وأيْضا наистина opravdu det tatsächlich έτσι, πραγματικά así es, en efecto (tõesti) nii در واقع niin en effet אָכֶן बेशक stvarno, doista (nyomósítás) memang það gerði ég/ætla ég raunar in effetti その通り' 정말로, 바로 그대로 taip jā; pilnīgi pareizi memang pun dat... ook det tak, owszem de facto într-adevăr в самом деле; именно naozaj seveda i [] det ... โดยแน่แท้ gerçekten, hakikaten, tabii 確實 теж, також اتفاق یا رضامندی ظاہر کرنے کے لیے مستعمل dùng để biểu thị sự đồng ý 确实

conj

(and) therefore John had a bad cold, so I took him to the doctor; So you think you'd like this job, then?' `Yes.'; And so they got married and lived happily ever after. so أداة رَبْط بِمَعْنى: لذلك и така a tak derfor; så also έτσι λοιπόν, και γι' αυτό así que, por lo tanto, de manera que nii(siis), nõnda بنا بر اين niinpä, siis donc לָכֵן इस लिए zbog toga ezért; úgyhogy jadi þess vegna così, allora だから 그러므로, 그 결과 tai, taigi tāpēc; tādēļ oleh sebab itu dus derfor, så (tak) więc, i dlatego de modo que deci поэтому; следовательно;так что a tak, preto torej pa så ดังนั้น onun için, bu nedenle 因而 так що, тому لھذا vì thế, bởi vậy 因而

adj so-ˈcalled

wrongly described or named in such a way Your so-called friends have gone without you! sogenaamd مَزْعوم، ما يُسَمّى така наречен takzvaný såkaldt sogenannt υποτιθέμενος, δήθεν supuesto, presunto niinimetatud niin sanottu soi-disant כִּביָכוֹל तथाकथित takozvani úgynevezett apa yang disebut svokallaður cosiddetto いわゆる 소위;?경멸적으로? 이른 바 vadinamasis tā sauktais; tā dēvētais kononnya zogenaamd såkalt tak zwany suposto aşa-zis так называемый takzvaný tako imenovan takozvani så kallad ที่เรียกไม่ถูก sözüm ona, sözde 所謂的 так званий نام نہاد، عرف عام میں مشہور مصفرضہ (عموما غلط طور پر)۔ cái gọi là 所谓的

adj so-ˈso

neither very good nor very bad His health is so-so. so-so بَيْنَ بَيْن горе-долу tak tak så som så so lala έτσι κι έτσι así así, regular, de aquella manera pole viga, on ja ei ole (kah) välttävä comme ci, comme ça כָּכָה כָּכָה ना ज्यादा अच्छा ना ज्यादा खराब tako tako nem valami jó(l) sedang-sedang saja sæmilegur, svona og svona così così まあまあの 그렇고 그런, 좋지도 나쁘지도 않은 šiaip sau viduvējs; tā pa vidam; ne šis, ne tas boleh tahan zo{#169}zo sånn passe, så som så taki sobie assim assim aşa şi-aşa так себе tak-tak tako tako tako tako sådär, någorlunda งั้น ๆ şöyle böyle 平平常常；馬馬虎虎 поганенький, такий собі معمولی tàm tạm 平平常常；马马虎虎

and so on/forth

and more of the same kind of thing He reminded me of what I owed him and so on. ensovoorts وهكذا دوالَيْك، وهَلُمَّ جَرّا и така нататък a tak dále og så videre und so weiter και ούτω καθεξής, και τα λοιπά y así sucesivamente, etcétera ja nii edasi همين طور ja niin edelleen ainsi de suite et וְכָך הַלאָה इस तरह की और चीजें i tako dalje, i slično és így tovább dan sebagainya og svo framvegis e così via ～など ...등등, ...따위 ir taip toliau un tā tālāk dan lain-lain yang seumpamanya enzovoorts og så videre i tak dalej por aí adiante şi aşa mai departe и так далее a tak ďalej in tako dalje i tako dalje och så vidare ที่ไปข้างหน้า ve bunun gibi, gibi şeyler 等等 і так далі, і тому подібне وغیرہ وغیرہ vân vân 等等

or so, or

so as to

in order to He sat at the front so as to be able to hear. om لِكَي за да tak, aby for at um zu ούτως ώστε, για να a fin de, para, con el propósito de selleks et براي jotta de façon à ce que כְּדֵי ל- ताकि radi, kako bi (azon célból) hogy ... supaya til þess að (in modo/maniera da) ～するために ...하기 위하여, ...하도록 tam, kad tā, lai bagi om te for å tak, aby a fim de pentru a чтобы tak, aby da kako bi för att เพื่อที่จะ ...-sın diye, ...-mesi için 以便 для того щоб تاکہ để 以便

so far, so good

all is well up to this point So far, so good – we've checked the equipment, and everything's ready. tot dusver حَتّى الآن كُل شَيْءٍ على ما يُرام дотук zatím je vše dobré så langt så godt so weit, so gut μέχρι εδώ καλά hasta aquí, todo bien siiamaani on kõik korras تا كنون tähän asti kaikki hyvin jusqu'ici ça va עַד כֹּה अब तक eddig rendben van sementara semua beres allt í sómanum hingað til (tutto bene finora), (tutto bene fin qui) ここまでは 지금까지는 아무 탈이 없다 kol kas viskas gerai tiktāl viss kārtībā setakat ini bagus tot nu toe gaat alles goed så langt er alt bra jak na razie w porządku até aqui, tudo bem până aici e bine пока всё хорошо zatiaľ je všetko v poriadku doslej vse dobro za sada så långt är (var) allt gott och väl จนถึงทุกวันนี้ şimdilik her şey iyi. 到目前為止，一切順利 поки що все гаразд اب تک تو سب ٹھیک ہے từ trước đến nay 到目前为止，一切顺利

so that

1 with the purpose that; in order that I'll wash this dress so that you can wear it. sodat لِكَي за да aby så damit έτσι ώστε, για να para que nii et براي اينكه niin että pour que כְּדֵי ताकि tako da (namjera) azon célból ...hogy supaya svo að (di modo che), cosicché ～するように ...하기 위하여 tam, kad tā, lai jadi zodat slik/så/for at po to aby para que pen­tru ca să (для того) чтобы aby da da bi så att เพื่อที่ ...-sın diye, için 為的是 для того, щоб تاکہ với mục đích là , để mà 为的是

2 with the result that He got up very late, so that he missed the bus and was late for work. sodat, en dus بَحَيْث أنَّ، ونتيجَةً لِذلِك така че takže med det resultat so daß με αποτέλεσμα να de modo que, así que nii چنان كه ja niin si bien que כָּך ש- इस लिए tako da (rezultat) úgyhogy sehingga sem varð til þess að cosicché それで 그 결과, 그러므로 todėl tādēļ akibatnya zodat slik at i w rezultacie de modo que astfel încât так что; поэтому takže tako da pa så ดังนั้น bu nedenle 結果是 так, що; настільки, що لھذا، اس کی وجہ سے với kết quả là 结果是

so to say/speak

if one may use such an expression; in a way; it could be said The dog is, so to speak, a member of this family. om die waarheid te sê بصورةٍ ما، إذا جاز القَوْل така да се каже možno říci så at sige sozusagen ούτως ειπείν, τρόπον τινά por así decirlo nii-öelda تا اندازه اي niin sanoakseni pour ainsi dire כְּדֵי לוֹמַר ऐसा कहा जा सकता है tako reći hogy úgy mondjam boleh dikatakan ef svo mætti segja per così dire いわば 말하자면 galima sakyti tā sakot boleh dikatakan als het ware så å si, for å si det slik że tak powiem por assim dizer ca să zic(em) aşa так сказать možno povedať, takpovediac tako rekoč da tako kažem så att säga จะว่าไปแล้ว güya, sanki, tabiri caizse 可以這麼說 так би мовити گویا کہ، سمجھ لیجیے có thể nói 可以这么说