specialization

spe·cial·i·za·tion  (spsh-l-zshn)

n.

1. The act of specializing or the process of becoming specialized.

2. Biology

a. Adaptation, as of an organ or organism, to a specific function or environment.

b. A character, feature, or organism resulting from such adaptation.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	specialization - the act of specializing; making something suitable for a special purpose specialisation change of state - the act of changing something into something different in essential characteristics
	2.	specialization - the special line of work you have adopted as your career; "his specialization is gastroenterology" specialism, speciality, specialty, specialisation calling, career, vocation - the particular occupation for which you are trained
	3.	specialization - (biology) the structural adaptation of some body part for a particular function; "cell differentiation in the developing embryo" specialisation, differentiation biological science, biology - the science that studies living organisms adaption, adaptation, adjustment - the process of adapting to something (such as environmental conditions)

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An arrangement within an alliance wherein a member or group of members most suited by virtue of technical skills, location, or other qualifications assume(s) greater responsibility for a specific task or significant portion thereof for one or more other members.