spread (redirected from spreading too thin)

spread  (sprd)

v. spread, spread·ing, spreads

v.tr.

1. To open to a fuller extent or width; stretch: spread out the tablecloth; a bird spreading its wings.

2. To make wider the gap between; move farther apart: spread her fingers.

3.

a. To distribute over a surface in a layer: spread varnish on the steps.

b. To cover with a layer: spread a cracker with butter.

4.

a. To distribute widely: The tornado spread destruction.

b. To make a wide or extensive arrangement of: We spread the bicycle parts out on the floor.

c. To exhibit or display the full extent of: the scene that was spread before us.

5. To cause to become widely seen or known; scatter or disseminate: spread the news; spread the beam of the flashlight.

6.

a. To prepare (a table) for eating; set.

b. To arrange (food or a meal) on a table.

7. To flatten (a rivet end, for example) by pounding.

v.intr.

1. To be extended or enlarged.

2. To become distributed or widely dispersed.

3. To increase in range of occurrence; become known or prevalent over a wide area: The word spread fast.

4. To be exhibited, displayed, or visible in broad or full extent: the vista spread seemingly to infinity.

5. To become or admit of being distributed in a layer.

6. To become separated; be forced farther apart.

n.

1.

a. The act of spreading.

b. Dissemination, as of news; diffusion.

2.

a. An open area of land; an expanse.

b. A ranch, a farm, or an estate.

3. The extent or limit to which something is or can be spread; range.

4. A cloth covering for a bed, table, or other piece of furniture.

5. Informal An abundant meal laid out on a table.

6. A food to be spread on bread or crackers.

7.

a. Two facing pages of a magazine or newspaper, often with related matter extending across the fold.

b. A story or advertisement running across two or more columns of a magazine or newspaper.

8. A difference, as between two figures or totals.

9.

a. A position taken in two or more options or futures contracts in order to profit from a change in their relative prices.

b. The difference between the price asked and bid for a particular security.

10. A number of points offered to equalize the chances of winning in a wager on a competition, usually between sports teams. Also called point spread.

11. Wingspread.

Idiom:

spread (oneself) thin

To work on too many projects: overextend oneself.

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[Middle English spreden, from Old English -sprdan (as in tsprdan, to spread out); see sper- in Indo-European roots.]

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spreada·bili·ty n.

spreada·ble adj.

spreada·bly adv.

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spread [sprɛd]

vb spreads, spreading, spread

1. to extend or unfold or be extended or unfolded to the fullest width she spread the map on the table

2. to extend or cause to extend over a larger expanse of space or time the milk spread all over the floor the political unrest spread over several years

3. to apply or be applied in a coating butter does not spread very well when cold

4. to distribute or be distributed over an area or region

5. to display or be displayed in its fullest extent the landscape spread before us

6. (Cookery) (tr) to prepare (a table) for a meal

7. (Cookery) (tr) to lay out (a meal) on a table

8. to send or be sent out in all directions; disseminate or be disseminated someone has been spreading rumours the disease spread quickly

9. (of rails, wires, etc.) to force or be forced apart

10. (Engineering / Mechanical Engineering) to increase the breadth of (a part), esp to flatten the head of a rivet by pressing, hammering, or forging

11. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Agriculture) (tr) Agriculture

a.  to lay out (hay) in a relatively thin layer to dry

b.  to scatter (seed, manure, etc.) over a relatively wide area

12. (tr; often foll by around) Informal to make (oneself) agreeable to a large number of people, often of the opposite sex

13. (Linguistics / Phonetics & Phonology) Phonetics to narrow and lengthen the aperture of (the lips) as for the articulation of a front vowel, such as (iː) in English see (siː)

n

1. the act or process of spreading; diffusion, dispersal, expansion, etc. the spread of the Christian religion

2. (Engineering / Aeronautics) Informal the wingspan of an aircraft

3. an extent of space or time; stretch a spread of 50 years

4. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Agriculture) Informal chiefly US and Canadian a ranch or relatively large tract of land

5. the limit of something fully extended the spread of a bird's wings

6. (Clothing, Personal Arts & Crafts / Textiles) a covering for a table or bed

7. (Cookery) Informal a large meal or feast, esp when it is laid out on a table

8. (Cookery) a food which can be spread on bread, etc. salmon spread

9. (Communication Arts / Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) two facing pages in a book or other publication

10. a widening of the hips and waist middle-age spread

11. (Economics, Accounting & Finance / Stock Exchange) Stock Exchange

a.  the difference between the bid and offer prices quoted by a market maker

b.  the excess of the price at which stock is offered for public sale over the price paid for the same stock by an underwriter

c.  Chiefly US a double option Compare straddle [9]

12. (Clothing, Personal Arts & Crafts / Jewellery) Jewellery the apparent size of a gemstone when viewed from above expressed in carats a diamond with a spread of four carats

adj

1. extended or stretched out, esp to the fullest extent

2. (Clothing, Personal Arts & Crafts / Jewellery) (of a gem) shallow and flat

3. (Linguistics / Phonetics & Phonology) Phonetics

a.  (of the lips) forming a long narrow aperture

b.  (of speech sounds) articulated with spread lips (ɪː) in English ``feel'' is a spread vowel

[Old English sprǣdan; related to Old High German spreiten to spread, Old Lithuanian sprainas stiff]

spreadability  n

spreadable  adj

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Spread an expanse or stretch of something; food collectively.

Examples: spread of boughs, 1701; of canvas, 1691; of knowledge, 1805; of favours; of sail, 1840.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	spread - process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space spreading change of location, travel - a movement through space that changes the location of something diffusion - the spread of social institutions (and myths and skills) from one society to another dispersion, scattering - spreading widely or driving off invasion - (pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body; "the tumor's invasion of surrounding structures" irradiation - (physiology) the spread of sensory neural impulses in the cortex radiation - the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats
	2.	spread - a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures; "gap between income and outgo"; "the spread between lending and borrowing costs" gap disparity - inequality or difference in some respect
	3.	spread - farm consisting of a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle) cattle farm, cattle ranch, ranch farm - workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit; "it takes several people to work the farm"
	4.	spread - a haphazard distribution in all directions scatter dispersion, distribution - the spatial or geographic property of being scattered about over a range, area, or volume; "worldwide in distribution"; "the distribution of nerve fibers"; "in complementary distribution" diffuseness - the spatial property of being spread out over a wide area or through a large volume
	5.	spread - a tasty mixture to be spread on bread or crackers or used in preparing other dishes paste margarine, marge, oleo, oleomargarine, margarin - a spread made chiefly from vegetable oils and used as a substitute for butter condiment - a preparation (a sauce or relish or spice) to enhance flavor or enjoyment; "mustard and ketchup are condiments" nut butter - ground nuts blended with a little butter peanut butter - a spread made from ground peanuts marshmallow fluff - a very sweet white spread resembling marshmallow candy onion butter - butter blended with minced onion pimento butter - butter blended with mashed pimento shrimp butter - butter blended with chopped shrimp or seasoned with essence from shrimp shells lobster butter - butter blended with chopped lobster or seasoned with essence from lobster shells cheese spread - spread made of cheese mixed with butter or cream or cream cheese and seasonings anchovy butter - butter blended with mashed anchovies fishpaste - a paste of fish or shellfish garlic butter - butter seasoned with mashed garlic miso - a thick paste made from fermented soybeans and barley or rice malt; used in Japanese cooking to make soups or sauces hommos, hoummos, hummus, humous, humus - a thick spread made from mashed chickpeas, tahini, lemon juice and garlic; used especially as a dip for pita; originated in the Middle East pate - liver or meat or fowl finely minced or ground and variously seasoned tapenade - a spread consisting of capers and black olives and anchovies made into a puree with olive oil tahini - a thick Middle Eastern paste made from ground sesame seeds
	6.	spread - a meal that is well prepared and greatly enjoyed; "a banquet for the graduating seniors"; "the Thanksgiving feast"; "they put out quite a spread" banquet, feast meal, repast - the food served and eaten at one time
	7.	spread - two facing pages of a book or other publication facing pages, spread head, spreadhead page - one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains center spread, centre spread - the spread at the center of a magazine centerfold, centrefold - a magazine center spread; especially a foldout of a large photograph or map or other feature publication - a copy of a printed work offered for distribution
	8.	spread - the expansion of a person's girth (especially at middle age); "she exercised to avoid that middle-aged spread" girth - the distance around a person's body
	9.	spread - decorative cover for a bed           bed cover, bed covering, bedcover, bedspread, counterpane bed clothing, bedclothes, bedding - coverings that are used on a bed coverlet - a decorative bedspread (usually quilted) quilted bedspread - a bedspread constructed like a thin quilt
	10.	spread - act of extending over a wider scope or expanse of space or time spreading extension - act of expanding in scope; making more widely available; "extension of the program to all in need" circulation - the spread or transmission of something (as news or money) to a wider group or area dispersal, dispersion, dissemination, diffusion - the act of dispersing or diffusing something; "the dispersion of the troops"; "the diffusion of knowledge" strewing, scatter, scattering - the act of scattering decentralisation, decentralization - the spread of power away from the center to local branches or governments
Verb	1.	spread - distribute or disperse widely; "The invaders spread their language all over the country" distribute generalise, generalize - become systemic and spread throughout the body; "this kind of infection generalizes throughout the immune system" metastasise, metastasize - spread throughout the body; "the cancer had metastasized and the patient could not be saved" discharge - pour forth or release; "discharge liquids" strew, straw - spread by scattering ("straw" is archaic); "strew toys all over the carpet" export - cause to spread in another part of the world; "The Russians exported Marxism to Africa" propagate - transmit or cause to broaden or spread; "This great civilization was propagated throughout the land" deploy - to distribute systematically or strategically; "The U.S. deploys its weapons in the Middle East" redistribute - distribute anew; "redistribute the troops more strategically" sprawl, straggle - go, come, or spread in a rambling or irregular way; "Branches straggling out quite far" diffuse, fan out, spread out, spread - move outward; "The soldiers fanned out" string out, spread out - set out or stretch in a line, succession, or series; "the houses were strung out in a long row" dissipate, scatter, disperse, spread out - move away from each other; "The crowds dispersed"; "The children scattered in all directions when the teacher approached"; diffuse, fan out, spread out, spread - move outward; "The soldiers fanned out" expand, spread out - extend in one or more directions; "The dough expands" gather, pull together, collect, garner - assemble or get together; "gather some stones"; "pull your thoughts together"
	2.	spread - become distributed or widespread; "the infection spread"; "Optimism spread among the population" propagate catch - spread or be communicated; "The fashion did not catch" move - move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion; "He moved his hand slightly to the right"
	3.	spread - spread across or over; "A big oil spot spread across the water" overspread cover, extend, continue - span an interval of distance, space or time; "The war extended over five years"; "The period covered the turn of the century"; "My land extends over the hills on the horizon"; "This farm covers some 200 acres"; "The Archipelago continues for another 500 miles" transgress - spread over land, especially along a subsiding shoreline; "The sea transgresses along the West coast of the island"
	4.	spread - spread out or open from a closed or folded state; "open the map"; "spread your arms" unfold, open, spread out undo - cancel, annul, or reverse an action or its effect; "I wish I could undo my actions" divaricate - spread apart; "divaricate one's fingers" exfoliate - spread by opening the leaves of grass - spread out clothes on the grass to let it dry and bleach butterfly - cut and spread open, as in preparation for cooking; "butterflied shrimp" uncross - change from a crossed to an uncrossed position; "She uncrossed her legs" splay - spread open or apart; "He splayed his huge hands over the table"
	5.	spread - cause to become widely known; "spread information"; "circulate a rumor"; "broadcast the news" disseminate, pass around, circulate, diffuse, broadcast, circularise, circularize, disperse, propagate, distribute publicize, bare, publicise, air - make public; "She aired her opinions on welfare" podcast - distribute (multimedia files) over the internet for playback on a mobile device or a personal computer sow - introduce into an environment; "sow suspicion or beliefs" circulate, go around, spread - become widely known and passed on; "the rumor spread"; "the story went around in the office" popularise, popularize, vulgarise, vulgarize, generalise, generalize - cater to popular taste to make popular and present to the general public; bring into general or common use; "They popularized coffee in Washington State"; "Relativity Theory was vulgarized by these authors" carry, run - include as the content; broadcast or publicize; "We ran the ad three times"; "This paper carries a restaurant review"; "All major networks carried the press conference"
	6.	spread - become widely known and passed on; "the rumor spread"; "the story went around in the office" circulate, go around disseminate, pass around, circulate, diffuse, broadcast, circularise, circularize, spread, disperse, propagate, distribute - cause to become widely known; "spread information"; "circulate a rumor"; "broadcast the news" go, locomote, move, travel - change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically; "How fast does your new car go?"; "We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus"; "The policemen went from door to door looking for the suspect"; "The soldiers moved towards the city in an attempt to take it before night fell"; "news travelled fast"
	7.	spread - strew or distribute over an area; "He spread fertilizer over the lawn"; "scatter cards across the table" spread out, scatter pass around, circulate, distribute, pass on - cause be distributed; "This letter is being circulated among the faculty" manure, muck - spread manure, as for fertilization birdlime, lime - spread birdlime on branches to catch birds circumfuse - spread something around something distribute - spread throughout a given area; "the function distributes the values evenly"
	8.	spread - move outward; "The soldiers fanned out" diffuse, fan out, spread out spread, distribute - distribute or disperse widely; "The invaders spread their language all over the country" percolate - spread gradually; "Light percolated into our house in the morning" creep - grow or spread, often in such a way as to cover (a surface); "ivy crept over the walls of the university buildings" bleed, run - be diffused; "These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run" mantle - spread over a surface, like a mantle
	9.	spread - cover by spreading something over; "spread the bread with cheese" cover - provide with a covering or cause to be covered; "cover her face with a handkerchief"; "cover the child with a blanket"; "cover the grave with flowers" slather - spread thickly; "I can't eat bagels without slathering them with cream cheese"
	10.	spread - distribute over a surface in a layer; "spread cheese on a piece of bread"
Adj.	1.	spread - distributed or spread over a considerable extent; "has ties with many widely dispersed friends"; "eleven million Jews are spread throughout Europe" dispersed distributed - spread out or scattered about or divided up
	2.	spread - prepared or arranged for a meal; especially having food set out; "a table spread with food" prepared - made ready or fit or suitable beforehand; "a prepared statement"; "be prepared for emergencies"
	3.	spread - fully extended in width; "outspread wings"; "with arms spread wide" outspread extended - fully extended or stretched forth; "an extended telescope"; "his extended legs reached almost across the small room"; "refused to accept the extended hand"

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spread

verb

1. open (out), extend, stretch, unfold, sprawl, unfurl, fan out, unroll He spread his coat over the bed.

2. open, extend, stretch He stepped back and spread his hands wide.

3. coat, cover, butter, smear, smother Spread the bread with the cream cheese.

4. smear, apply, rub, put, smooth, plaster, daub Spread the cream over the skin and allow it to remain for 12 hours.

5. grow, increase, develop, expand, widen, mushroom, escalate, proliferate, multiply, broaden The sense of fear is spreading in residential neighbourhoods.

6. space out, stagger The course is spread over a five-week period.

7. circulate, publish, broadcast, advertise, distribute, scatter, proclaim, transmit, make public, publicize, propagate, disseminate, promulgate, make known, blazon, bruit Someone has been spreading rumours about us.
circulate hold back, stifle, repress, suppress, control, contain, hold in, curb, restrain

8. diffuse, cast, shed, radiate The overall flaring tends to spread light. diffuse

noun

1. increase, development, advance, spreading, expansion, transmission, proliferation, advancement, escalation, diffusion, dissemination, dispersal, suffusion The greatest hope for reform is the gradual spread of information.

2. extent, reach, span, stretch, sweep, width, compass The rhododendron grows to 18 inches with a spread of 24 inches.

3. (Informal) feast, banquet, blowout (slang), repast, array They put on a spread of sandwiches for us.

4. feature, report, story, piece, article, item There was a double-page spread on a dinner for 46 people.

5. range, variety, selection, assortment, gamut We have an enormous spread of industries in the area.

spread something out lay out, stretch out, unfurl, unroll I spread out my groundsheet and my sleeping bag.

Translations

spread [spred] (spread (vb: pt, pp))

A. N

1. (= propagation) [of infection, disease, fire] → propagación f; [of idea, information] → difusión f, divulgación f; [of crime] → aumento m, proliferación f; [of education] → extensión f, generalización f; [of nuclear weapons] → proliferación f

2. (= extent) (gen) → extensión f; [of wings, sails] → envergadura f
middle-age spread → gordura f de la mediana edad

3. (= range) there is a broad spread of interest and opinion represented on the committee → hay una gran diversidad de intereses y opiniones representados en el comité

4. (= meal) → comilona f, banquetazo m
they laid on a huge spread → ofrecieron una espléndida comilona or un banquetazo espléndido

5. (= cover) (for bed) → cubrecama m, sobrecama m or f

6. (Culin) (for bread) → pasta f para untar
cheese spread → queso m para untar

7. (Press, Typ) a full-page spread → una plana entera
a two-page or double-page spread → una página doble, una doble plana

8. (Fin) → diferencial m

9. (US) (= ranch) → finca f, hacienda f (LAm), estancia f (Arg, Uru), fundo m (Chile)

B. VT

1. (also spread out) (= lay or open out) [+ tablecloth, blanket] → extender, tender; [+ map] → extender, desplegar; [+ arms, fingers, legs] → extender; [+ banner, sails, wings] → desplegar; [+ net] → tender
she lay spread out on the floor → estaba tendida en el suelo
the peacock spread its tail → el pavo real hizo la rueda
he spread his hands in a gesture of resignation/helplessness → extendió los brazos en ademán de resignación/impotencia
I like to be able to spread myself → me gusta tener mucho espacio
to spread one's wings (lit, fig) → desplegar las alas

2. (= scatter) → esparcir, desparramar
her clothes were spread all over the floor → su ropa estaba esparcida or desparramada por todo el suelo

3. (= apply) [+ butter] → untar
to spread butter on one's bread → untar mantequilla en el pan, untar el pan con mantequilla
to spread cream on one's face → untarse or ponerse crema en la cara

4. (= cover)
tables spread with food → mesas llenas or repletas de comida
she spread her bread with honey → puso miel en el pan, untó el pan con miel
the floors are spread with sand → los suelos están cubiertos de arena

5. (= distribute) → distribuir
you are advised to spread the workload → le aconsejamos que se distribuya el trabajo
repayments will be spread over 18 months → los pagos se efectuarán a lo largo de 18 meses
don't spread yourself too thin → no intentes abarcar más de la cuenta

6. (= disseminate) [+ news, information] → divulgar, difundir; [+ rumour] → hacer correr, difundir; [+ disease] → propagar; [+ panic, fear] → sembrar
he loves spreading gossip → le encanta difundir or divulgar cotilleos
see also word A4

C. VI

1. (= extend, advance) [fire] → propagarse, extenderse; [stain] → extenderse; [disease] → propagarse; [panic, fear] → cundir; [information, news, ideas] → difundirse
general alarm spread through the population → cundió la alarma por toda la población
the cancer had spread to his lungs → el cáncer se había extendido a los pulmones
the troops spread south → las tropas se desplegaron hacia el sur
a smile spread over or across his face → sonrió de oreja a oreja
to spread like wildfire the rumours spread like wildfire → los rumores corrieron como la pólvora

2. (= stretch) (in space) → extenderse
the city spreads several miles to the north → la ciudad se extiende varias millas hacia el norte
a process spreading over several months → un proceso que abarca varios meses

3. [butter] → untarse

D. CPD spread betting N → apuesta f múltiple modalidad de apuesta en la que se juega sobre una variedad de resultados en lugar de uno en concreto

spread out

A. VI + ADV (= disperse) [people] → dispersarse; (= extend) [city, liquid] → extenderse; (= widen) [river] → ensancharse

B. VT + ADV
see spread B1

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spread [ˈsprɛd]

n

(= dissemination) [disease, infection, rumour] → propagation f; [information, new ideas, technology] → diffusion f

[fire, oil slick] → progression f, extension f

[wealth, workload] → répartition f

(= range) [opinions] → éventail m

(COOKERY) → pâte f à tartiner
cheese spread → fromage m à tartiner
chocolate spread → chocolat m à tartiner

(PRESS) a double-page spread → une double page

(= meal) → repas m

(= span) [wings] → envergure f

(also bedspread) → couvre-lit m

vb [spread] (pt, pp)

vt

(= open out) [+ towel, cloth, rug, map] → étendre
He spread a towel on the sand → Il étendit une serviette sur le sable.

(= move apart) [+ arms, hands, fingers, legs] → écarter
He just shrugged and spread his arms → Il se contenta de hausser les épaules en écartant les bras.

[+ paste, butter, jam] → étaler
to spread sth on sth → tartiner qch de qch, étaler qch sur qch
He was spreading butter on a slice of bread → Il étalait du beurre sur une tranche de pain., Il tartinait de beurre une tranche de pain.
to spread sth with sth → tartiner qch de qch
Spread the bread with cheese → Tartiner le pain de fromage.

(= disseminate among people) [+ rumour, lies] → répandre; [+ disease, infection, germs] → propager; [+ fear, confusion, panic] → répandre, semer
Mosquitoes spread the disease very quickly → Les moustiques propagent la maladie très rapidement.
He was fed up with the lies being spread about him → Il en avait assez des mensonges qu'on répandait à son sujet.

(= distribute over area) [+ pollen, seeds] → disséminer; [+ fertilizer] → répandre

(= distribute over period of time) [+ repayments] → échelonner, étaler
The job losses will be spread over a long period → Les suppressions d'emplois seront étalées sur une longue période.

(= share out) [+ wealth, workload] → répartir

vi

(= affect or reach more people) [disease, infection] → s'étendre, se propager; [fear, technology] → se répandre; [news] → se propager
The news spread rapidly → La nouvelle s'est propagée rapidement.

(= cover larger area) [fire] → s'étendre, se propager; [oil slick, flood, stain] → s'étendre

[arms, fingers] → s'écarter

[butter, paste, jam] → s'étaler

spread out

vt sep

(= open out) [+ towel, cloth, rug, map] → étaler

(= stretch out) [+ arms, hands, fingers, legs] → écarter

vi [people] → se disperser
The soldiers spread out across the field → Les soldats se dispersèrent dans le champ. .

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spread vb: pret, ptp <spread>

n

(of wings) → Spannweite f, → Flügelspanne f; (= range, of marks) → Verteilung f, → Streuung f; (of prices) → Spanne f; (of ideas, interests) → Spektrum nt; (= distribution: of wealth) → Verteilung f; (= scope: of theory, ideas) → Umfang m; middle-age spread → Fülligkeit f, → Altersspeck m (inf); Gerry’s beginning to suffer from middle-age spread → Gerry setzt langsam Speck an (inf)

(= growth) → Ausbreitung f, → Verbreitung f; (spatial) → Ausdehnung f; the spread of nuclear weapons → die zunehmende Verbreitung von Atomwaffen

(inf, of food etc) → Festessen nt, → Festschmaus m; that was an excellent spread → das war prima, was du etc da aufgetischt hast

(= cover) → Decke f

(for bread) → (Brot)aufstrich m; anchovy spread → Sardellenpaste f; cheese spread → Streichkäse m

(Press, Typ: = two pages) → Doppelseite f; a full-page/double spread → ein ganz-/zweiseitiger Bericht; (= advertisement) → eine ganz-/zweiseitige Anzeige; a picture spread → ein ganzseitiger Bildbericht; the centre spread of a paper → die Mittelseite einer Zeitung

vt

(= open or lay out: also spread out) rug, nets, hay, wings, arms → ausbreiten; fan → öffnen; goods → ausbreiten, auslegen; hands, legs → spreizen; the peacock spread its tail → der Pfau schlug ein Rad; he was lying with his arms and legs spread out → er lag mit ausgestreckten Armen und Beinen da; the fields were spread (out) below us → die Felder breiteten sich unter uns aus; the view which was spread (out) before us → die Sicht, die sich uns bot; the yacht spread its sails → die Segel des Bootes blähten sich

bread, canvas, surface → bestreichen; butter, paint etc → (ver- or auf)streichen; table → decken; spread the paint evenly → verteilen Sie die Farbe gleichmäßig; he spread the plaster over the wall → er verstrich den Gips auf der Wand; to spread a cloth/blanket over something → ein Tuch/eine Decke über etw (acc) → breiten; the table was spread with food → der Tisch war reichlich or üppig gedeckt

(= distribute: also spread out) forces, writing, objects, payments, risk → verteilen; sand, fertilizer, muck → streuen; (in time) → verteilen (→ over über +acc); our resources are spread very thin → unsere Mittel sind maximal beansprucht

(= disseminate) news, knowledge, panic, disease, smell → verbreiten; rumour → ausstreuen, verbreiten; I’ll spread the news to everyone in the office → ich werde es allen im Büro mitteilen

vi

(= extend, spatially) → sich erstrecken, sich ausdehnen (→ over, across über +acc); (with movement, weeds, liquid, fire, smile, industry) → sich ausbreiten (→ over, across über +acc); (towns, settlements) → sich ausdehnen; (knowledge, fear etc, smell) → sich verbreiten; (disease, trouble, fire) → sich verbreiten, um sich greifen; the course spreads over four months → der Kurs erstreckt sich über vier Monate; to spread to something → etw erreichen; (disease etc) → auf etw (acc) → übergreifen; to spread into something → sich in etw (acc) → erstrecken; (in time) → sich bis in etw (acc) → erstrecken; under the spreading trees → unter den ausladenden Bäumen; he’s worried about his spreading stomach (inf) → er macht sich Sorgen, weil er in die Breite geht (inf) ? wildfire

(butter etc) → sich streichen or schmieren (inf) → lassen

vr to spread oneself (physically) → sich ausstrecken; (= spread one’s things) → sich ausbreiten; (in speech, writing) → sich verbreiten

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spread [sprɛd] (spread (vb: pt, pp))

1. n

a. (of fire, infection) → propagazione f; (of idea, knowledge) → diffusione f; (of crime) → il dilagare
the spread of nuclear weapons → la proliferazione delle armi nucleari

b. (extent, of bridge) → ampiezza; (of wings, arch) → apertura

c. (range, of prices, figures, marks) → gamma; (on graph, scale) → distribuzione f
middle-age spread → pancetta

d. (fam) (feast) → banchetto

e. (also bedspread) → copriletto

f. (for bread) anchovy spread → pasta d'acciughe
cheese spread → formaggio da spalmare

g. (Press, Typ) (two pages) → doppia pagina; (across columns) → articolo a più colonne

2. vt

a. (open or lay out) (also spread out) (wings, sails) → spiegare; (cloth) → stendere; (fingers) → distendere; (arms) → allargare, spalancare
to spread a map out on the table → spiegare una cartina sul tavolo
to spread one's wings (fig) → spiccare il volo

b. (butter, cream) → spalmare
to spread cream on one's face → spalmarsi la crema sul viso

c. (distribute) (also spread out) (sand, fertilizer) to spread sth on sth → cospargere qc di qc; (goods, objects) → disporre; (cards, toys) → spargere; (soldiers) → scaglionare; (payments) → rateizzare, scaglionare; (resources) → distribuire
repayments will be spread over 18 months → i pagamenti saranno scaglionati lungo un periodo di 18 mesi

d. (disseminate, germs, disease) → propagare, diffondere; (knowledge, panic) → diffondere; (news) → spargere, diffondere

3. vi (news, rumour) → diffondersi, propagarsi, spargersi; (pain, fire, flood) → estendersi; (milk) → spargersi; (disease, weeds) → propagarsi
to spread into sth → estendersi fino a qc
margarine spreads better than butter → la margarina si spalma meglio del burro

spread out

1. vi + adv (view, valley) → stendersi; (soldiers, police) → disporsi

2. vt + adv = spread 2a and 2c

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spread

v spread [spred]

1 to (cause to) go (often more widely or more thinly) over a surface She spread honey thickly on her toast. smeer يَرُش мажа rozetřít smøre streichen απλώνω, απλώνομαι (peale) määrima, võidma گسترش يافتن levitä, levittää étaler לִמרוֹחַ फैलाना, फैलना mazati, prekriti ken mengoleskan dreifa, smyrja spalmare 塗る 펴다 tepti uzziest menyapukan smeren spre, smøre, bre utover pokrywać, smarować espalhar(-se) a unge размазывать(ся) natrieť, potrieť namazati razmazati breda (sprida) ut ทำให้กระจาย sürmek 撒，敷 розмазувати کسی شے کو پھیلانا، پھیلنا giăng, bày ra 撒，敷

2 to cover (a surface with something) She spread the bread with jam. smeer يَدْهَن намажвам namazat smøre bestreichen σκεπάζω, αλείφω, στρώνω (peale) määrima پوشاندن levittää étaler לְכַסוֹת ढक लेना, ढकना namazati, premazati megken melapisi smyrja spalmare 塗る 바르다 aptepti apziest melapisi smeren smøre pokrywać barrar a unge покрывать; намазывать natrieť namazati namazati breda ut på (över) กระจายไปทั่ว sürmek 塗 намазувати کسی چیز سے ڈھکنا rải 涂

3 to (cause to) reach a wider area, affect a larger number of people etc The news spread through the village very quickly. versprei يَنْتَشِر разнасям (се) rozšířit se sprede; sprede sig verbreiten διαδίδω, διαδίδομαι levima, levitama پخش كردن levitä, levittää se répandre לְהַפִיץ फैलना širiti se elterjeszt; (el)terjed menyebar dreifa(st), breiða(st) út diffondere, diffondersi 広まる 퍼지다 (pa)sklisti, (pa)skleisti izplatīt (ziņu); izplatīties menyebarkan (zich) verspreiden spre rozpowszechniać, rozchodzić się espalhar(-se) a se răspândi распространять(ся) rozšíriť sa širiti (se) proširiti se sprida [] แพร่ออกไป yay(ıl)mak 傳播 поширювати(ся), розносити(ся) وسیع تر علاقوں میں پھیلنا اور زيادہ لوگوں کو متاثر کرنا lan truyền 传播

4 to distribute over a wide area, period of time etc The exams were spread over a period of ten days. versprei يُوَزِّع разпространявам (се) rozvrhnout fordele verteilen εκτείνω, εκτείνομαι jaotama توزيع كردن jakaa étaler sur לְהִימַשֵׁך बिखरा होना prostirati se, protezati se eloszt membagi-bagi dreifa distribuire ～にわたる (영역, 기간에) 걸쳐 치루다 išdėstyti izkārtot; sadalīt (laikā vai vietā) menyebarkan spreiden spre, fordele rozciągać się na distribuir(-se) a se întinde pe растягивать(ся) rozvrhnúť, rozdeliť raztegniti razdužiti se sprida ut ทำให้ยืดออกไป yaymak 延長，展開 тривати; продовжувати(ся) ایک بڑے علاقے یا لمبی مدت میں ہونا truyền bá 延长，扩展

5 to open out He spread the map on the table. oopsprei يَفْرِد، يَبْسُط разпростирам rozložit brede ud ausbreiten απλώνω, ανοίγω (laiali) laotama باز كردن levittää étaler sur לִפרוֹש खोलना razastrijeti, prostrijeti szétterít membuka breiða úr stendere, spiegare 広げる 펼치다 išskleisti izklāt membentangkan spreiden brette ut rozwinąć abrir a întinde раскрывать; раскладывать rozložiť razgrniti raširiti veckla ut คลี่ออก açmak 攤開 розгортати; розстилати کھولنا kéo, giăng 摊开

n

1 the process of reaching a wider area, affecting more people etc the spread of information/television; the spread of crime among schoolchildren. verspreiding إنتِشار разпространение rozšíření udbredelse die Verbreitung επέκταση, εξάπλωση levik گسترش leviäminen diffusion, propagation הִתפַּשטוּת फैलाव, विस्तार, प्रस्ताव širenje, prostiranje elterjedés penyebaran útbreiðsla diffusione 広まり 만연 (pa)plitimas izplatīšanās penyebaran verspreiding utbredelse, spredning rozprzestrzenianie się propagação difuzare, propagare распространение rozšírenie širjenje širenje spridning, utbredning การกระจาย yay(ıl)ma 傳開 поширення; зростання زیادہ لوگوں تک پہنچنے کا ایک ہی طریقہ sự phổ biến 传开

2 something to be spread on bread etc Have some chicken spread. smeergoed طَعام مَدْهون храна, коят се маже pomazánka smørepålæg; -smørepålæg der Aufstrich τρόφιμο σε μορφή αλοιφής võie غذاي خميري levite pâte (à tartiner) מִמרָח फैला हुआ namaz, pašteta krém olesan viðbit crema, pasta パンにつけるもの 바르는 것 pasta, paštetas ziežami produkti (pastēte, krēms u.tml.) sapuan pasta smørepålegg, smøre- pasta pasta pastă (pentru uns feliile de pâine) пастообразный продукт nátierka namaz namaz bredbart smörgåspålägg อาหารที่ใช้ทาขนมปัง ezme 塗 пастоподібні продукти روٹی پر لگانے والی کوئي شے sự rải 涂

3 the space or time covered (by something) or the extent of spreading a spread of several miles. verspreiding إمْتِداد، نَشْر разстояние rozloha udstrækning die Spanne έκταση ulatus, aeg گسترش laajuus, aika étendue רֶצֶף फैलाव, विस्तार raspon, površina terjedelem; kiterjedés penyebaran umfang; svæði, flæmi estensione 広がり 전개 nuotolis, plotas, tarpsnis distance; attālums; laiks sebaran reikwijdte utstrekning, omfang przeciąg, zasięg extensão întindere протяжённость; простирание rozloha razsežnost raspon sträcka, utsträckning ระยะห่าง yayılma, uzama 展延程度 відстань; протяжність پھیلاؤ dải rộng 展延程度

spread out

1 to extend or stretch out The fields spread out in front of him. uitstrek يَمْتَد протягам prostírat se brede sig sich ausbreiten εκτείνομαι, απλώνομαι laiuma انتشار دادن levitä s'étendre (sur) לְהִשתָרֵע फैलना prostirati se (ki)terjed terbentang teygja/breiða (út/úr) stendersi 広がる 펼쳐지다 driektis stiepties; plesties terhampar zich uitspreiden bre/strekke seg ut rozciągać się estender-se a se întinde (pe) простираться rozprestierať sa razprostirati se razvući se breda ut sig ยืดออกไป uzanmak 展開 розкидати(ся) لمبا پھیلاؤ ہونا trải rộng 扩展

2 to distribute over a wide area or period of time She spread the leaflets out on the table. versprei يُوَزِّع، يَفْرِد، يَبْسُط разпространявам rozložit sprede ud verteilen απλώνω, διασκορπίζω levitama توزيع كردن levittää étaler (sur) לִפרוֹש बिखेरना prostrijeti szétoszt menghamparkan dreifa (úr) sparpagliare まき散らす 전개하다 paskleisti izkaisīt; izkliedēt; izstiept (laikā) mengagihkan uitspreiden spre, fordele rozkładać distribuir a se întinde (pe) раскладывать; распределять rozložiť razporediti raširiti sprida ut แผ่ขยายออกไป yaymak 延長，展開 розкладати; розкидати بڑے علاقے یا بڑي مدت کے دوران تقسیم کرنا bày ra, kéo căng ra 延长，扩展

3 to scatter and go in different directions, in order to cover a wider area They spread out and began to search the entire area. opbreek يَنْتَشِر разпръквам (се) rozptýlit se sprede sig sich verteilen απλώνομαι, σκορπίζω (laiali) laotuma پراكندن levittäytyä s'éparpiller לְהִתפָּרֵס बिखरना raširiti se szétszéled; szétszóródik menyebar tvístra(st), dreifa(st) sparpagliarsi 散る 흩어지다 išsiskirstyti izklīst berpecah-pecah zich verspreiden spre seg, dele seg rozchodzić się, rozbiegać się espalhar-se a se dispersa рассредоточиваться rozptýliť sa razkropiti se raštrkati se sprida ut sig กางออกมา yayılmak 四下散開 розсипатися بڑے علاقے کو زد میں لانے کے لیے giăng ra 四下散开

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spread → انتشار, ينتشر roztáhnout, šíření sprede, spredning ausbreiten, Verbreitung επαλείφω, επάλειψη extender, propagación leviäminen, levittää étaler, étendue širenje, širiti diffusione, spargere 広がること, 広げる ...에 (...을) 펴다, 확산 verspreiden, wijdte spennvidde, spre rozłożyć, rozprzestrzenienie (się) espalhar, extensão распространение, распространять sprida, spridning กระจาย, การกระจาย yayılım, yaymak sự trải ra, trải ra 分散