strain (redirected from strains)

strain ¹  (strn)

v. strained, strain·ing, strains

v.tr.

1. To pull, draw, or stretch tight: strained the sheets over the bed.

2. To exert or tax to the utmost: straining our ears to hear.

3. To injure or impair by overuse or overexertion; wrench: strain a muscle.

4. To stretch or force beyond the proper or legitimate limit: strain a point.

5. Physics To alter (the relations between the parts of a structure or shape) by applying an external force; deform.

6.

a. To pass (gravy, for example) through a filtering agent such as a strainer.

b. To draw off or remove by filtration: strained the pulp from the juice.

7. To embrace or clasp tightly; hug.

v.intr.

1. To make violent or steady efforts; strive hard: straining to reach the finish line.

2. To be or become wrenched or twisted.

3. To be subjected to great stress.

4. To pull forcibly or violently: The dog strained at its leash.

5. To stretch or exert one's muscles or nerves to the utmost.

6. To filter, trickle, or ooze.

7. To be extremely hesitant; balk: a mule that strained at the lead.

n.

1.

a. The act of straining.

b. The state of being strained.

2.

a. Extreme or laborious effort, exertion, or work.

b. A great or excessive pressure, demand, or stress on one's body, mind, or resources: the strain of managing both a family and a career.

3. A wrench, twist, or other physical injury resulting from excessive tension, effort, or use.

4. Physics A deformation produced by stress.

5. An exceptional degree or pitch: a strain of zealous idealism.

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[Middle English streinen, from Old French estreindre, estrein-, to bind tightly, from Latin stringere; see streig- in Indo-European roots.]

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strain ¹

Noun

1. tension or tiredness resulting from overwork or worry

2. tension between people or organizations: there are signs of strain between the economic superpowers

3. an intense physical or mental effort

4. the damage resulting from excessive physical exertion

5. a great demand on the emotions, strength, or resources

6. a way of speaking: he would have gone on in this strain for some time

7. Physics the change in dimension of a body caused by outside forces

8. strains Music a theme, melody, or tune

Verb

1. to subject (someone) to mental tension or stress

2. to make an intense effort: the rest were straining to follow the conversation

3. to use (resources) to, or beyond, their limits

4. to injure or damage (oneself or a part of one's body) by overexertion: he appeared to have strained a muscle

5. to pour (a substance) through a sieve or filter

6. strain at to push, pull, or work with violent effort (on something)

7. to draw (something) taut or be drawn taut [Latin stringere to bind tightly]

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strain ²

Noun

1. a group of animals or plants within a species or variety, distinguished by one or more minor characteristics

2. a trace or streak: a strain of ruthlessness in their play [Old English strēon]

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strain  (strn) 1. A group of organisms of the same species, sharing certain hereditary characteristics not typical of the entire species but minor enough not to warrant classification as a separate breed or variety. Resistance to specific antibiotics is a feature of certain strains of bacteria. 2. The extent to which a body is distorted when it is subjected to a deforming force, as when under stress. The distortion can involve a change both in shape and in size. All measures of strain are dimensionless (they have no unit of measure). Axial strain is equal to the ratio between the change in length of an object and its original length. Volume strain is equal to the ratio between the change in volume of an object and its original volume. It is also called bulk strain. Shear strain is equal to the ratio between the amount by which an object is skewed and its length. Compare stress. See more at Hooke's law.

strain The vertical component of the force F applied to the metal rod causes a vertical deformation of the rod, or axial strain, shown as vd in the diagram on the right. The horizontal component of F causes a horizontal skewing, or shear strain, shown by hd in the diagram on the right. The axial strain is measured as vd/L. The shear strain is measured as hd/L, which is equal to the tangent of the angle y.

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Strain a family of people or animals; a group of plants bred away from the original species.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	strain - (physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces natural philosophy, physics - the science of matter and energy and their interactions; "his favorite subject was physics" deformation - alteration in the shape or dimensions of an object as a result of the application of stress to it overstrain - too much strain
	2.	strain - difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension; "she endured the stresses and strains of life"; "he presided over the economy during the period of the greatest stress and danger"- R.J.Samuelson stress difficulty - a condition or state of affairs almost beyond one's ability to deal with and requiring great effort to bear or overcome; "grappling with financial difficulties"
	3.	strain - a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence; "she was humming an air from Beethoven" melodic line, melodic phrase, melody, tune, air, line tucket, fanfare, flourish - (music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments; "he entered to a flourish of trumpets"; "her arrival was greeted with a rousing fanfare" glissando - a rapid series of ascending or descending notes on the musical scale roulade - (music) an elaborate run of several notes sung to one syllable music - an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner leitmotif, leitmotiv - a melodic phrase that accompanies the reappearance of a person or situation (as in Wagner's operas) theme song - a melody that recurs and comes to represent a musical play or movie signature tune, theme song, signature - a melody used to identify a performer or a dance band or radio/tv program melodic theme, musical theme, theme, idea - (music) melodic subject of a musical composition; "the theme is announced in the first measures"; "the accompanist picked up the idea and elaborated it" part, voice - the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music; "he tried to sing the tenor part" musical phrase, phrase - a short musical passage
	4.	strain - (psychology) nervousness resulting from mental stress; "his responsibilities were a constant strain"; "the mental strain of staying alert hour after hour was too much for him" mental strain, nervous strain psychological science, psychology - the science of mental life nerves, nervousness - an uneasy psychological state; "he suffered an attack of nerves" tension, stress, tenseness - (psychology) a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense; "he suffered from fatigue and emotional tension"; "stress is a vasoconstrictor"
	5.	strain - a special variety of domesticated animals within a species; "he experimented on a particular breed of white rats"; "he created a new strain of sheep" breed, stock animal group - a group of animals variety - (biology) a taxonomic category consisting of members of a species that differ from others of the same species in minor but heritable characteristics; "varieties are frequently recognized in botany" bloodstock - thoroughbred horses (collectively) pedigree - line of descent of a purebred animal species - (biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed
	6.	strain - (biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups; "a new strain of microorganisms" var., variant, form biological science, biology - the science that studies living organisms taxon, taxonomic category, taxonomic group - animal or plant group having natural relations species - (biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed
	7.	strain - injury to a muscle (often caused by overuse); results in swelling and pain harm, hurt, injury, trauma - any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.
	8.	strain - the general meaning or substance of an utterance; "although I disagreed with him I could follow the tenor of his argument" tenor meaning, substance - the idea that is intended; "What is the meaning of this proverb?" purport, drift - the pervading meaning or tenor; "caught the general drift of the conversation"
	9.	strain - an effortful attempt to attain a goal nisus, pains, striving attempt, effort, try, endeavor, endeavour - earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; "made an effort to cover all the reading material"; "wished him luck in his endeavor"; "she gave it a good try" jehad, jihad - a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal
	10.	strain - an intense or violent exertion       straining elbow grease, exertion, effort, travail, sweat - use of physical or mental energy; hard work; "he got an A for effort"; "they managed only with great exertion"
	11.	strain - the act of singing; "with a shout and a song they marched up to the gates" song vocal music - music that is vocalized (as contrasted with instrumental music) carol - a joyful song (usually celebrating the birth of Christ) cradlesong, lullaby - the act of singing a quiet song to lull a child to sleep
Verb	1.	strain - to exert much effort or energy; "straining our ears to hear" strive, reach extend oneself - strain to the utmost kill oneself, overexert oneself - strain oneself more than is healthy labor, labour, tug, push, drive - strive and make an effort to reach a goal; "She tugged for years to make a decent living"; "We have to push a little to make the deadline!"; "She is driving away at her doctoral thesis" bother, inconvenience oneself, trouble oneself, trouble - take the trouble to do something; concern oneself; "He did not trouble to call his mother on her birthday"; "Don't bother, please"
	2.	strain - test the limits of; "You are trying my patience!" stress, try afflict - cause great unhappiness for; distress; "she was afflicted by the death of her parents" rack - stretch to the limits; "rack one's brains"
	3.	strain - use to the utmost; exert vigorously or to full capacity; "He really extended himself when he climbed Kilimanjaro"; "Don't strain your mind too much" extend apply, employ, use, utilise, utilize - put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer" overextend, overstrain - strain excessively; "He overextended himself when he accepted the additional assignment" task, tax - use to the limit; "you are taxing my patience"
	4.	strain - separate by passing through a sieve or other straining device to separate out coarser elements; "sift the flour" sift, sieve separate - divide into components or constituents; "Separate the wheat from the chaff" rice - sieve so that it becomes the consistency of rice; "rice the potatoes" resift - sift anew riddle, screen - separate with a riddle, as grain from chaff winnow, fan - separate the chaff from by using air currents; "She stood there winnowing chaff all day in the field"
	5.	strain - cause to be tense and uneasy or nervous or anxious; "he got a phone call from his lawyer that tensed him up" tense up, tense affect - act physically on; have an effect upon; "the medicine affects my heart rate" stretch, extend - extend one's limbs or muscles, or the entire body; "Stretch your legs!"; "Extend your right arm above your head" make relaxed, unlax, unstrain, unwind, relax, loosen up - cause to feel relaxed; "A hot bath always relaxes me"
	6.	strain - become stretched or tense or taut; "the bodybuilder's neck muscles tensed;" "the rope strained when the weight was attached" tense tighten - become tight or tighter; "The rope tightened"
	7.	strain - remove by passing through a filter; "filter out the impurities" filter, filter out, filtrate, separate out separate - divide into components or constituents; "Separate the wheat from the chaff"
	8.	strain - rub through a strainer or process in an electric blender; "puree the vegetables for the baby" puree cookery, cooking, preparation - the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat; "cooking can be a great art"; "people are needed who have experience in cookery"; "he left the preparation of meals to his wife" rub - move over something with pressure; "rub my hands"; "rub oil into her skin"
	9.	strain - alter the shape of (something) by stress; "His body was deformed by leprosy" deform, distort shape, form - give shape or form to; "shape the dough"; "form the young child's character" jaundice - distort adversely; "Jealousy had jaundiced his judgment"

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strain ¹

noun 1. pressure, stress, difficulty, demands, burden, adversity

noun 2. stress, pressure, anxiety, difficulty, distress, nervous tension

noun 3. worry, effort, struggle, tension, hassle << OPPOSITE ease

noun 4. burden, tension

noun 5. injury, wrench, sprain, pull, tension, tautness, tensity (rare)

noun 6. tune, air, melody, measure (poetic) lay, song, theme

verb 7. stretch, test, tax, overtax, push to the limit

verb 8. injure, wrench, sprain, damage, pull, tear, hurt, twist, rick

verb 9. strive, struggle, endeavour, labour, go for it (informal) bend over backwards (informal) go for broke (slang) go all out for (informal) bust a gut (informal) give it your best shot (informal) make an all-out effort (informal) knock yourself out (informal) do your damnedest (informal) give it your all (informal) break your back or neck (informal) rupture yourself (informal) << OPPOSITE relax

verb 10. sieve, filter, sift, screen, separate, riddle, purify

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strain ²

noun 1. trace, suggestion, suspicion, tendency, streak, trait

noun 2. breed, type, stock, family, race, blood, descent, pedigree, extraction, ancestry, lineage

Translations

strain [streɪn] n (gen) → tensión f;

(TECH) → esfuerzo;

(MED) → distensión f; torcedura (= breed); raza (= lineage); linaje m [of virus] → variedad f

vt [+ back etc] → distender, torcerse (= tire); cansar (= stretch); estirar (= filter); filtrar [+ meaning]; tergiversar

vi → esforzarse;

strains npl (MUS) → son m;

she's under a lot of strain → está bajo mucha tensión

strain [streɪn] n (Tech) → tension f; pression f;

(physical) → effort m;

(mental) → tension (nerveuse);

(Med) → entorse f (= streak, trace); tendance f; élément m (= breed) [of plants] → variété f: [of animals]; race f [of virus]; souche f

vt (= stretch) → tendre fortement;

(fig) [+ resources etc]; mettre à rude épreuve, grever (= hurt) [+ back etc] → se faire mal à (= filter); passer, filtrer [+ vegetables]; égoutter

vi → peiner, fournir un gros effort;

strains npl (Mus) → accords mpl, accents mpl;

he's been under a lot of strain → il a traversé des moments difficiles, il est très éprouvé nerveusement

strain [streɪn] n → Belastung f;

(Med) (also: back strain) → überanstrengter Rücken m;

(000) (tension) → Überlastung f;

(of virus) → Art f;

(breed) → Sorte f

vt (back etc) → überanstrengen;

(resources) → belasten;

(Culin) → abgießen

vi to strain to do sth → sich anstrengen, etw zu tun;

strains npl (Mus) → Klänge pl;

he's been under a lot of strain → er hat unter großem Stress gestanden

strain [streɪn] n (TECH) → sollecitazione f;

(physical) → sforzo;

(mental) → tensione f;

(MED) → strappo (= streak, trace); tendenza; elemento (= breed); razza; [of virus] → tipo

vt → tendere [+ muscle]; slogare [+ ankle]; storcere [+ friendship, marriage]; mettere a dura prova (= filter); colare, filtrare

vi → sforzarsi;

strains npl (MUS) → note fpl;

she's under a lot of strain → è molto tesa, è sotto pressione

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strain¹

v strain [strein]

1 to exert oneself or a part of the body to the greatest possible extent They strained at the door, trying to pull it open; He strained to reach the rope. trek يَلْوي، يُوَتِّرُ، يَضْغَطُ опъвам (се) natahovat (se); cloumat presse; strække (sig) anstrengen τεντώνω, τεντώνομαι estirar, tensar pingutama خود را از توان انداختن pinnistää tendre fortement לִמתוֹחַ तनना, तानना, खींचना napinjati, naprezati (meg)feszít meregang leggja sig allan fram, streitast við sforzare, sforzarsi; tirare 張り詰める 긴장시키다; 애쓰다 iš(si)tempti, stengtis iš visų jėgų sasprindzināt; piepūlēt; sasprindzināties; pūlēties bersungguh-sungguh mencuba zich inspannen anstrenge (seg), stramme, anspenne wysilać się esforçar-se a (se) întinde puternic напрягать(ся); прилагать все силы naťahovať (sa); mykať napeti (se) nategnuti anstränga [], pressa mot, spänna sina krafter ดึง kendini zorlamak 盡力 напружувати(ся); старатися з усіх сил کھینچنا ráng sức 尽力

2 to injure (a muscle etc) through too much use, exertion etc He has strained a muscle in his leg; You'll strain your eyes by reading in such a poor light. verstuit يَرُضُّ العَضَلَه навяхвам přepínat forstrække; anstrenge zerren, überanstrengen ζορίζω, κουράζω torcerse, hacerse un esguince, hacerse daño (en), forzar üle pingutama, vigastama آسيب رساندن venähdyttää, rasittaa forcer לְאַמֵץ ज्यादा उपयोग के कारण बदन का कोई हिस्सा घायल होना pretegnuti, povrijediti megerőltet; megrándít, meghúz (végtagot) menyakitkan karena terlalu lama dipakai ofreyna/-gera; togna storcere, slogare; affaticare 痛める (무리하게 써서) ...을 상하게 하다 pertempti sastiept; pārpūlēt menyebabkan otot tegang; merosakkan beschadigen overanstrenge; vrikke nadwyrężać estragar a întinde растягивать; переутомлять namáhať pretegniti, napenjati istegnuti sträcka, överanstränga ได้รับบาดเจ็บจากการออกกำลังกายมากเกินไป incitmek, burmak 勞損 перевтомлювати حد سے زیادہ کام لے کر خراب کر لینا căng ra 劳损

3 to force or stretch (too far) The constant interruptions were straining his patience. tart يُوَتِّرُ обтягам přepínat strække; stille krav til strapazieren ζορίζω, δοκιμάζω poner a prueba, abusar sundima, pingule panema به خود فشار آوردن koetella pousser à bout לִמתוֹחַ बाध्य करना pretjerati, staviti na preveliko iskušenje próbára tesz meregang ganga fram af (mettere a dura prova) 無理じいする ...을 (무리하게) 잡아 당기다; 조이다; 강요하다 išsekinti pārbaudīt kāda pacietību menguji geweld aandoen være en tålmodighetsprøve wyczerpywać forçar a pune la grea încercare напрягать prepínať, skúšať izkušati prekoračiti fresta på ทำให้ตึง zorlamak 竭力 напружувати حد سے زیادہ زور ڈالنا làm căng thẳng 竭力

4 to put (eg a mixture) through a sieve etc in order to separate solid matter from liquid She strained the coffee. aftrek يُصَفِّي прецеждам (pře)cedit filtrere filtrieren σουρώνω, φιλτράρω colar, escurrir filtreerima, kurnama از صافي گذراندن siivilöidä passer, filtrer לְסַנֵן छानना, अलग करना procjeđivati átszűr menyaring sía filtrare; passare こす 여과하다 iškošti izkāst; filtrēt menapis zeven sile, filtrere odcedzać filtrar a cerne; a strecura процеживать (pre)cediť precediti procediti sila, filtrera กรอง süzmek 過濾 проціджувати; фільтрувати چھان کر الگ کرنا lọc 过滤

n

1 force exerted; Can nylon ropes take more strain than the old kind of rope? trekkrag شَد، إلتِواء обтягане napětí belastning die Spannung ζόρισμα tensión, presión koormus فشار rasitus traction, tension עוֹמֵס प्रयास, परिश्रम napor igénybevétel regangan álag tensione, sforzo 引っ張り 잡아당기기, 팽팽함 įtempimas spriegojums; nostiepums; slodze beban spanning stramming; belastning, påkjenning naprężenie esforço tracţi­une, tensiune нагрузка napätie napetost, obremenitev natezanje belastning, påfrestning การทำให้ตึง yük, ağırlık 拉力 натягання; розтягування بوجھ اٹھانا trạng thái căng 拉力

2 (something, eg too much work etc, that causes) a state of anxiety and fatigue The strain of nursing her dying husband was too much for her; to suffer from strain. inspanning إجْهاد، إرْهاق пренапрежение (nervové) vypětí belastning; pres die Anstrengung ένταση, τέντωμα, ζόρι tensión, estrés pinge فرسودگي rasitus tension (nerveuse) תְּשִישוּת तनाव, खिचाव pritisak megerőltetés ketegangan álag tensione 過労 긴장, 과로 įtampa, krūvis sasprindzinājums; piepūle bebanan inspanning press, overanstrengelse, påkjenning wysiłek, przemęczenie tensão tensiune (nervoasă) переутомление (nervové) vypätie preobremenjenost napor påfrestning, överansträngning ความตึงเครียด stres, gerilim 疲勞 напруження بہت زیادہ کام کی وجہ سے کھنچاؤ sự căng thẳng 疲劳

3 (an) injury especially to a muscle caused by too much exertion muscular strain. spierbesering رَضُّ العَضَلَه разтягане (на сухожилие) namožení forstrækning die Zerrung τραύμα που προκαλείται από έντονη προσπάθεια torcedura, esguince venitus ضرب ديدگي venähdys entorse, foulure מֶתַח ज्यादा उपयोग के कारण बदन का कोई हिस्सा घायल होना ozljeda, uganuće rándulás sakit terkilir tognun strappo くじき (근육의) 접질림, 염좌 pertempimas pārpūle rasa tegang beschadiging forstrekning, forstuing naciągnięcie distensão entorsă, luxaţie растяжение presilenie izvin istegnuće sträckning บาดแผลจากการออกกำลังกายมากเกินไป incinme, kurtulma 扭傷 перевтома بہت زیادہ کھنچاؤ سے ہونے والا زخم căng cơ 扭伤

4 too great a demand These constant delays are a strain on our patience. spanning عِبء ْ كَبير، طَلَب زائِد обтягане (přílišně) zatížený belastning die Strapaze ζόρισμα, δοκιμασία presión proovilepanek, sund فشار روحي؛زور koetus tension עוֹמֵס दबाव iskušenje, pritisak próbatétel terlalu berat álag tensione 重圧 강요, 악용 piktnaudžiavimas, per didelis krūvis slodze menguji overbelasting prøvelse, påkjenning nadużywanie pressão solicitare напряжение veľká námaha obremenitev iskušenje påfrestning การเรียกร้องมากเกินไป yük, sıkıntı 極度考驗 напруження بہت زیادہ مانگ ہونا đòi hỏi lớn 极度考验

adj strained

(of a person's manner, behaviour etc) not natural, easy or relaxed a strained smile. gespanne مُتَكَلَّف неестествен nucený anspændt; anstrengt gezwungen βεβιασμένος, ψεύτικος tenso, forzado pingutatud, teeseldud تصنعي väkinäinen forcé מְאוּלָץ अस्वाभाविक, कृत्रिम, थका हुआ usiljen, neprirodan erőltetett tegang þvingaður forzato 不自然な 긴장한; 무리한; 부자연스러운 įtemptas, nenatūralus nedabisks; uzspīlēts; stīvs dipaksa-paksa geforceerd anstrengt, anspent wymuszony tenso forţat натянутый nútený prisiljen zategnut ansträngd ที่ไม่เป็นธรรมชาติ endişeli, gergin 不自然的 натягнутий; напружений مصنوعی gượng ép 不自然的

n ˈstrainer

a sieve or other utensil for separating solids from liquids a coffee-/tea-strainer. aftrekker, siffie مِصْفاه цедка cedník si; -si; filter; -filter der Filter σουρωτήρι colador filter, kurn صاف كن siivilä passoire מַסנֶנֶת चलनी, छलनी, निस्यन्दक, द्रवों को छानने वाली cjedilo szűrő tapisan sía filtro, colino; passino こし器 여과기, 차 거르개 koštuvas sietiņš; caurduris penapis zeef sil, filter, dørslag sitko coador strecurătoare сит(ечк)о;фильтр sitko, cedidlo cedilo cediljka sil, filter เครื่องกรอง süzgeç 篩網 фільтр; сито چھلنی یا صافی thiết bị lọc 筛网

strain off

to remove (liquid) from eg vegetables by using a sieve etc When the potatoes were cooked, she strained off the water. aftrek يُصَفّي отцеждам scedit si fra abseihen σουρώνω, στραγγίζω colar kurnama صاف كردن siivilöidä égoutter לְסַנֵן procijediti leszűr membuang cairan hella af, sía frá colare, scolare 水気を切る 여과하다, 걸러내다 (nu)košti nokāst mengetus afgieten sile odcedzać coar a scurge отцеживать scediť odcediti procediti sila av กรองออก süzmek 濾去 зціджувати چھلنی سے چھان کر پانی الگ کرنا lọc nước 滤去