transfer

trans·fer  (trns-fûr, trnsfr)

v. trans·ferred, trans·fer·ring, trans·fers

v.tr.

1. To convey or cause to pass from one place, person, or thing to another.

2. Law To make over the possession or legal title of; convey.

3. To convey (a design, for example) from one surface to another, as by impression.

v.intr.

1. To move oneself from one location or job to another.

2. To withdraw from one educational institution or course of study and enroll in another.

3. To change from one public conveyance to another: transferred to another bus.

n. (trnsfr)

1. also trans·fer·al (trns-fûrl) The conveyance or removal of something from one place, person, or thing to another.

2. One who transfers or is transferred, as to a new school.

3. A design conveyed by contact from one surface to another.

4.

a. A ticket entitling a passenger to change from one public conveyance to another as part of one trip.

b. A place where such a change is made.

5. also transferal Law A conveyance of title or property from one person to another.

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[Middle English transferren, from Old French transferer, from Latin trnsferre : trns-, trans- + ferre, to carry; see bher-¹ in Indo-European roots.]

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trans·fera·bili·ty n.

trans·fera·ble, trans·ferra·ble adj.

trans·ferrer n.

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transfer

vb [trænsˈfɜː] -fers, -ferring, -ferred

1. to change or go or cause to change or go from one thing, person, or point to another they transferred from the Park Hotel to the Imperial she transferred her affections to her dog

2. to change (buses, trains, etc.)

3. (Law) Law to make over (property, etc.) to another; convey

4. (Fine Arts & Visual Arts / Art Terms) to displace (a drawing, design, etc.) from one surface to another

5. (Team Sports / Soccer) (of a football player, esp a professional) to change clubs or (of a club, manager, etc.) to sell or release (a player) to another club

6. (Social Science / Education) to leave one school, college, etc., and enrol at another

7. to change (the meaning of a word, etc.), esp by metaphorical extension

n [ˈtrænsfɜː]

1. the act, process, or system of transferring, or the state of being transferred

2.

a.  a person or thing that transfers or is transferred

b.  (as modifier) a transfer student

3. (Fine Arts & Visual Arts / Art Terms) a design or drawing that is transferred from one surface to another, as by ironing a printed design onto cloth

4. (Law) Law the passing of title to property or other right from one person to another by act of the parties or by operation of law; conveyance

5. (Economics, Accounting & Finance / Banking & Finance) Finance

a.  the act of transferring the title of ownership to shares or registered bonds in the books of the issuing enterprise

b.  (as modifier) transfer deed transfer form

6. any document or form effecting or regulating a transfer

7. Chiefly US and Canadian a ticket that allows a passenger to change routes

[from Latin transferre, from trans- + ferre to carry]

transferable , transferrable adj

transferability  n

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transfer

• translate - Early on, it meant "transfer."
• emancipate - Derives from Latin e-, "out," and mancipare, "deliver as property; transfer, sell."
• metaphor - From Greek metapherein, "to transfer," as it is a word or phrase transferred from one context (meaning) to another.
• transistor - A blend of transfer and resistor.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	transfer - the act of moving something from one location to another transferral, transportation, conveyance, transport movement - the act of changing the location of something; "the movement of cargo onto the vessel" transshipment - the transfer from one conveyance to another for shipment airlift, lift - transportation of people or goods by air (especially when other means of access are unavailable) connexion, connection - shifting from one form of transportation to another; "the plane was late and he missed his connection in Atlanta" bringing, delivery - the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail); "his reluctant delivery of bad news" drive - the act of driving a herd of animals overland carry - the act of carrying something pickup - the act of taking aboard passengers or freight lighterage - the transportation of goods on a lighter relocation, resettlement - the transportation of people (as a family or colony) to a new settlement (as after an upheaval of some kind) teleportation - a hypothetical mode of instantaneous transportation; matter is dematerialized at one place and recreated at another
	2.	transfer - someone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another; "the best student was a transfer from LSU" transferee individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul - a human being; "there was too much for one person to do"
	3.	transfer - the act of transfering something from one form to another; "the transfer of the music from record to tape suppressed much of the background noise" transference change of state - the act of changing something into something different in essential characteristics
	4.	transfer - a ticket that allows a passenger to change conveyances ticket - a commercial document showing that the holder is entitled to something (as to ride on public transportation or to enter a public entertainment)
	5.	transfer - application of a skill learned in one situation to a different but similar situation carry-over, transfer of training learning, acquisition - the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge; "the child's acquisition of language" stimulus generalisation, stimulus generalization, generalisation, generalization - (psychology) transfer of a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus
	6.	transfer - transferring ownership               transference transaction, dealing, dealings - the act of transacting within or between groups (as carrying on commercial activities); "no transactions are possible without him"; "he has always been honest is his dealings with me" alienation - (law) the voluntary and absolute transfer of title and possession of real property from one person to another; "the power of alienation is an essential ingredient of ownership" conveyance of title, conveyancing, conveying, conveyance - act of transferring property title from one person to another quitclaim - act of transferring a title or right or claim to another lease-lend, lend-lease - the transfer of goods and services to an ally to aid in a common cause; "lend-lease during World War II was extremely generous" secularisation, secularization - transfer of property from ecclesiastical to civil possession
Verb	1.	transfer - transfer somebody to a different position or location of work reassign assign, delegate, designate, depute - give an assignment to (a person) to a post, or assign a task to (a person) second - transfer an employee to a different, temporary assignment; "The officer was seconded for duty overseas" exchange - hand over one and receive another, approximately equivalent; "exchange prisoners"; "exchange employees between branches of the company"
	2.	transfer - move from one place to another; "transfer the data"; "transmit the news"; "transfer the patient to another hospital" mail, send, post - cause to be directed or transmitted to another place; "send me your latest results"; "I'll mail you the paper when it's written" get off, send off, send - transfer; "The spy sent the classified information off to Russia" move, displace - cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; "Move those boxes into the corner, please"; "I'm moving my money to another bank"; "The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant" transmit, communicate, convey - transfer to another; "communicate a disease" load - transfer from a storage device to a computer's memory offset - cause (printed matter) to transfer or smear onto another surface import - transfer (electronic data) into a database or document export - transfer (electronic data) out of a database or document in a format that can be used by other programs offload - transfer to a peripheral device, of computer data post, carry - transfer (entries) from one account book to another FTP - use the file transfer protocol to transfer data from one computer to another; "You can FTP these data" spool - transfer data intended for a peripheral device (usually a printer) into temporary storage download - transfer a file or program from a central computer to a smaller computer or to a computer at a remote location upload - transfer a file or program to a central computer from a smaller computer or a computer at a remote location institutionalise, institutionalize, commit, send, charge - cause to be admitted; of persons to an institution; "After the second episode, she had to be committed"; "he was committed to prison" translocate - move from one place to another, especially of wild animals; "The endangered turtles were translocated to a safe environment"
	3.	transfer - lift and reset in another soil or situation; "Transplant the young rice plants" transplant displace - cause to move, usually with force or pressure; "the refugees were displaced by the war" transplant - be transplantable; "These delicate plants do not transplant easily"
	4.	transfer - move around; "transfer the packet from his trouser pockets to a pocket in his jacket" shift move, displace - cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; "Move those boxes into the corner, please"; "I'm moving my money to another bank"; "The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant" transpose - transfer a quantity from one side of an equation to the other side reversing its sign, in order to maintain equality shunt - transfer to another track, of trains carry - transfer (a number, cipher, or remainder) to the next column or unit's place before or after, in addition or multiplication; "put down 5 and carry 2" shuffle - move about, move back and forth; "He shuffled his funds among different accounts in various countries so as to avoid the IRS" transship - transfer for further transportation from one ship or conveyance to another bunker - transfer cargo from a ship to a warehouse carry forward, carry over - transfer from one time period to the next remove, transfer - shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes; "He removed his children to the countryside"; "Remove the troops to the forest surrounding the city"; "remove a case to another court" translocate - transfer (a chromosomal segment) to a new position
	5.	transfer - cause to change ownership; "I transferred my stock holdings to my children" give - transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody; "I gave her my money"; "can you give me lessons?"; "She gave the children lots of love and tender loving care" demise - transfer by a lease or by a will alien, alienate - transfer property or ownership; "The will aliened the property to the heirs" negociate - transfer by endorsement to another in return for value received; "negociate a bond" convey - transmit a title or property desacralize, secularize - transfer from ecclesiastical to civil possession, use, or control assign - transfer one's right to hand, pass on, turn over, pass, reach, give - place into the hands or custody of; "hand me the spoon, please"; "Turn the files over to me, please"; "He turned over the prisoner to his lawyers" exchange, interchange, change - give to, and receive from, one another; "Would you change places with me?"; "We have been exchanging letters for a year" distribute - make available; "The publisher wants to distribute the book in Asia"
	6.	transfer - change from one vehicle or transportation line to another; "She changed in Chicago on her way to the East coast" change go, locomote, move, travel - change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically; "How fast does your new car go?"; "We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus"; "The policemen went from door to door looking for the suspect"; "The soldiers moved towards the city in an attempt to take it before night fell"; "news travelled fast"
	7.	transfer - send from one person or place to another; "transmit a message" channel, channelise, channelize, transmit, transport fetch, bring, get, convey - go or come after and bring or take back; "Get me those books over there, please"; "Could you bring the wine?"; "The dog fetched the hat" project - transfer (ideas or principles) from one domain into another propagate - transmit; "propagate sound or light through air" translate - bring to a certain spiritual state release, turn - let (something) fall or spill from a container; "turn the flour onto a plate" send out, send - to cause or order to be taken, directed, or transmitted to another place; "He had sent the dispatches downtown to the proper people and had slept" move, displace - cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; "Move those boxes into the corner, please"; "I'm moving my money to another bank"; "The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant"
	8.	transfer - shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes; "He removed his children to the countryside"; "Remove the troops to the forest surrounding the city"; "remove a case to another court" remove shift, transfer - move around; "transfer the packet from his trouser pockets to a pocket in his jacket"
	9.	transfer - transfer from one place or period to another; "The ancient Greek story was transplanted into Modern America" transpose, transplant shift - move from one setting or context to another; "shift the emphasis"; "shift one's attention"

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transfer

verb

1. move, carry, remove, transport, shift, transplant, displace, relocate, transpose, change The person can be transferred from wheelchair to seat with relative ease

2. hand over, give, commit, surrender, pass on, transmit, convey, assign, divert, turn over, relinquish, entrust, consign, devolve, make over, cede, redirect, sign over Certain kinds of property are transferred automatically.

noun

1. transference, move, removal, handover, change, shift, transmission, translation, displacement, relocation, transposition Arrange for the transfer of medical records to your new doctor.

2. move, sale, switch, handover, relocation, movement Gascoigne's transfer to the Italian club, Lazio

Translations

transfer [ˈtrænsfəʳ]

A. N

1. (= conveyance) → traslado m
we will arrange the transfer of your medical records → nos encargaremos del traslado de su historial médico
technology transfer → transferencia f de tecnología

2. (= change) [of job] → traslado m; [of power] → traspaso m; [of vehicle] → transbordo m
I've applied for a transfer to head office → he solicitado el traslado a la oficina central

3. (Jur, Fin) [of property] → transmisión f, traspaso m; [of funds] → transferencia f
bank transfer → transferencia f bancaria
direct transfer → abono m en cuenta
transfer of ownership → traspaso m de propiedad

4. (Sport) → traspaso m
to ask for a transfer → pedir el traspaso

5. (= picture) → calcomanía f

B. VT

1. (= convey) [+ object, person] → trasladar (from, to de a) transfer the chops to a serving dish → pase las chuletas a una fuente
the train broke down and passengers were transferred to a bus → el tren se averió y los pasajeros tuvieron que pasarse a un autobús
the disease can be transferred to humans → la enfermedad puede transmitirse or contagiarse a seres humanos

2. (= relocate) [+ person] → trasladar (from, to de a) [+ power] → traspasar; [+ allegiance] → mudar
the company transferred her to another department → la empresa la trasladó a otro departamento
to transfer one's affections to another → dar su amor a otro

3. (Jur, Fin) [+ property] → traspasar, transmitir; [+ funds] → transferir
she transferred the house to her son's name → puso la casa a nombre de su hijo
to transfer money from one account to another → transferir dinero de una cuenta a otra

4. (Sport) [+ player] → traspasar

5. (= copy) [+ design] → pasar, trasladar
the documents were transferred to microfilm → los documentos se pasaron or se trasladaron a microfilm

6. (Telec) [+ call] → pasar
please hold while I transfer you → no cuelgue, que ahora mismo le paso
can you transfer me back to the switchboard? → ¿puede volverme a pasar con la centralita?

C. VI

1. (= change) (from course, job) → trasladarse; (from vehicle) → hacer transbordo
he has transferred to another department → se ha trasladado a otro departamento
I've transferred to a new pension scheme/course/school → me he pasado a otro plan de pensiones/curso/colegio
she transferred from French to Spanish → se cambió or se trasladó del curso de francés al de español
passengers transferred from a train to a bus → los pasajeros hicieron transbordo del tren al autobús
we had to transfer to another coach → tuvimos que pasarnos a otro autobús

2. (Sport) [player] → ser traspasado, traspasarse

D. CPD transfer fee N → traspaso m
transfer list N → lista f de posibles traspasos

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transfer [ˈtrænsfɜː^r]

n

(= movement) [employee, player, patient] → transfert m; [object, technology, records] → transfert m
to get a transfer → être transféré(e)
He got a transfer to the paratroops → Il a été transféré chez les parachutistes.

[power] → transfert f
the transfer of power → le transfert de pouvoir

[money] → transfert m
the transfer of funds → le transfert des fonds
by bank transfer → par virement bancaire

(= picture, design) → décalcomanie f; (stick-on) → autocollant m

[trænsˈfɜː^r] vt

(= move) [+ object] → transférer; [+ person, patient] → transférer
Transfer the biscuits to a plate → Transférez les biscuits dans une assiette.

[+ employee] → transférer
She's been transferred to another department → Elle a été transférée à un autre service.

(= pass on) [+ property, ownership, position] → transférer; [+ disease] → transmettre; [+ love, feelings] → transférer

[+ call] → passer
to transfer sb [switchboard operator] → mettre qn en ligne
I'm transferring you → Je vous mets en ligne.
to transfer sb to another department → mettre qn en relation avec un autre département
Could you transfer me to the customer services department, please → Pouvez-vous me passer le service client s'il vous plaît.

[+ funds] → virer
Ten thousand pounds has been transferred into your account → Dix mille livres ont été virées sur votre compte.

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transfer

vt (= move) → übertragen (→ to auf +acc); prisoner → überführen (→ to in +acc), → verlegen (to nach); premises, soldiers → verlegen (→ to in +acc, → to town nach); soldier, employee → versetzen (→ to in +acc, → to town, country nach); (Sport) player → transferieren (to zu), abgeben (→ to an +acc); (Fin) funds, money → überweisen (→ to auf +acc), → transferieren (to nach); account → verlegen; stocks → transferieren; (Jur) property → übertragen, überschreiben (→ to über +acc); right → übertragen (→ to auf +acc); he transferred the bigger engine into his old car → er baute den größeren Motor in sein altes Auto ein; to transfer one’s concentration from one task to another → seine Konzentration von einer Aufgabe auf eine andere umstellen; he transferred his capital into gold shares → er investierte sein Kapital in Goldaktien, er legte sein Kapital in Goldaktien an; he transferred the money from the box to his pocket → er nahm das Geld aus der Schachtel und steckte es in die Tasche; the magician had somehow transferred the rabbit from the hat to the box → der Zauberer hatte das Kaninchen irgendwie aus dem Hut in die Kiste praktiziert; she transferred her affections to another man → sie schenkte ihre Zuneigung einem anderen; transferred charge call (Brit Telec) → R-Gespräch nt

vi

(= move) → überwechseln (to zu); (to new system, working conditions) → umstellen (→ to auf +acc); he can easily transfer from one language to another → er kann leicht von einer Sprache auf eine andere überwechseln or umschalten

(Fin) → umsteigen (→ into auf +acc); just before the crash he transferred into government bonds → gerade rechtzeitig vor dem Zusammenbruch stieg er auf Regierungsanleihen um

(in travelling) → umsteigen (→ to in +acc); (Univ) → das Studienfach wechseln, umsatteln (inf) (→ from … to von … auf +acc)

n

(= act) → Übertragung f; (of prisoner) → Überführung f; (of premises, troops) → Verlegung f; (of employee) → Versetzung f; (Sport: of player) → Transfer m, → Wechsel m; (Fin: of funds, money) → Überweisung f; (of account) → Verlegung f; (of stocks) → Transfer m; (Jur, of property) → Überschreibung f; (of right) → Übertragung f; he asked for a transfer (soldier, employee) → er bat um Versetzung; (footballer) → er bat, auf die Transferliste gesetzt zu werden

(= person transferred) he’s a transfer from another regiment → er ist von einem anderen Regiment hierher versetzt or verlegt worden; he’s a transfer from Chelsea → er ist von Chelsea hierher gewechselt; Chelsea’s latest transfer → Chelseas jüngste Neuerwerbung

(= picture) → Abziehbild nt

(in travelling) → Umsteigen nt

(= transfer ticket) → Umsteige(fahr)karte f

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transfer:

transfer fee

n (Ftbl) → Transfersumme f

transfer list

n (Ftbl) → Transferliste f

transfer lounge

n (Aviat) → Transitraum m

transfer passenger

n (esp Aviat) → Transitreisende(r) mf

transfer payments

pl → (staatliche) Unterstützungszahlungen pl

transfer picture

n → Abziehbild nt

transfer rate, transfer speed

n (Comput: of data) → Übertragungsgeschwindigkeit f

transfer ticket

n → Umsteige(fahr)karte f

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transfer [ɐn ˈtrænsfɜːʳ; ɐvb trænsˈfɜːʳ]

1. n

a. (gen) → trasferimento (Pol) (of power) → passaggio (Law) → cessione f (Ftbl) → cessione (or acquisto)
by bank transfer → tramite trasferimento bancario

b. (picture, design, stick-on) → decalcomania, autoadesivo

2. vt

a. (move) to transfer (from/to) → trasferire (da/a) (Sport) to be transferred (from/to) → essere ceduto/a (da/a)
to transfer one's affections/ambitions to sb → trasferire i propri sentimenti/le proprie ambizioni su qn
to transfer money from one account to another → trasferire il denaro da un conto su un altro
to transfer sth to sb's name → mettere qc a nome di qn
to make a transferred charge call (Brit) → fare una chiamata a carico del destinatario

b. (picture, design) → decalcare

3. vi (gen) → trasferirsi, passare
she transferred from History to Classics (Univ) → è passata da Storia a Lettere Antiche

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transfer

v transfer [trӕnsˈfəː]

1 to remove to another place He transferred the letter from his briefcase to his pocket. oorplaas يَنْقُل премествам přenést flytte verlegen μεταφέρω trasladar, cambiar; (dinero) transferir (ümber) paigutama جابجا کردن siirtää transférer לְהַעֲבִיר तबादला करना prenijeti áthelyez; átszállít memindahkan flytja, færa trasferire, spostare 移す 옮기다 perkelti, pervežti pārvietot; pārlikt memindahkan verplaatsen overføre(s), flytte przemieszczać mudar a pune (în altă parte) перекладывать premestiti prebaciti flytta över ย้าย aktarmak, transfer etmek 轉移 переносити, переміщати منتقل کرنا dời, 转移

2 to (cause to) move to another place, job, vehicle etc I'm transferring / They're transferring me to the Bangkok office. oorplaas يَنْتَقِل премествам (се) přesídlit; přeložit overflytte versetzen μεταθέτω, μετατίθεμαι trasladar(se) üle viima, siirduma انتقال دادن vaihtaa muter, transférer לְהַעֲבִיר स्थानान्तरण करना premjestiti átmegy memindahkan flytja (sig) trasferire, trasferirsi 転任させる 전출하다 pereiti, per(si)kelti pārcelt (darbā citur) bertukar; menukarkan overplaatsen bli forflyttet/overført przenosić (się), przesiadać (się) transferir(-se) a muta, a transfera переводить(ся);пересаживаться premestiti prebaciti förflytta, omplacera เปลี่ยนตำแหน่ง transfer olmak, ata(n)mak 遷移，轉業，換車 переїжджати; переводити تبادلہ کرنا chuyển, dọn 迁移，转业，换车

3 to give to another person, especially legally I intend to transfer the property to my son. oorplaas, oordra يَنْقُل مُلْكِيَّة прехвърлям převést overføre übertragen μεταβιβάζω traspasar loovutama انتقال مالکیت دادن؛ واگذار کردن siirtää transférer לְהַעֲבִיר हस्तांतरित करना prenijeti vlasništvo átruház menghibahkan yfirfæra, afsala trasferire, cedere 譲渡する 양도하다 perduoti nodot (īpašumu u.tml.) pindah milik overdragen overdra przepisywać transmitir a transfera, a transmite передавать prepisati (na) preneti föra över, överlåta โอน vermek 轉讓 передавати ملکيت منتقل کرنا chuyển nhượng 转让

n

trӕnsfəː

1 the act of transferring The manager arranged for his transfer to another football club. oorplasing إنْتِقال، نَقْل трансфер převedení, přenos, přeprava overflytning der Wechsel μεταφορά, μετάθεση, μεταβίβαση (deporte) traspaso, traslado; (banco) transferencia üleviimine انتقال siirto transfert, mutation הַעֲבָרָה स्थानान्तरण premještaj átigazolás pemindahan flutningur trasferimento 移転 이적 perkėlimas, perdavimas pārvietošana; pārcelšana pertukaran overplaatsing overføring przeniesienie transferência transfer перевод preloženie, premiestnenie premestitev transfer förflyttning, omplacering, transfer การย้าย transfer (etme) 轉移 переміщення تبادلہ sự chuyển nhượng 转移

2 a design, picture etc that can be transferred from one surface to another, eg from paper to material as a guide for embroidery. aftrekking رَسْم يُمْكِن نَقْلُه рисунка/чертеж и пр. за преваждане přetisk overføringsbillede das Abziehbild χαλκομανία calcomanía ülekandepilt هر چیز قابل انتقال siirtokuva décalcomanie צִיוּר שֶׁנִיתָן לְהַעֲתִיקוֹ चित्र आदि (जिसे एक तल से दूसरे तल पर बदलना हो), उतारना-चित्र (छोटा रंगीन चित्र जो एक काग़ज से दूसरे पर उतारा जा सके) otisak átutalás pola þrykkimynd decalcomania 転写図 복사화 그림 atspaudžiamasis ženklas/paveiksliukas novelkams zīmējums gambar lekat alih overdruk overføringsmønster szablon decalque imprimeu переводная картинка prenos, prenesenie odtis nalepnica ”tatuering”, avtryck การเปลี่ยน çıkartma 轉印，摹繪 малюнок, що переноситься на іншу поверхню; перебивний малюнок ايسي تصوير يا ڈيزائن جس کو ايک سطح سے دوسري سطح تک منتقل کيا جاسکے (nghệ thuật) bản đồ lại 转印，摹绘

adj transˈferable

that can be transferred from one place or person to another This ticket is not transferable (= may not be used except by the person to whom it is issued). oordraagbaar قابِل للنَّقْل أو التَّحْويل който може да се прехвърля přenosný overførbar übertragbar μεταβιβάσιμος transferible üle(k)antav قابل انتقال siirrettävä transférable, transmissible נִיָתן לְהַעֲבִירוֹ स्थानान्तरणीय prenosiv átruházható bisa dipindahkan framseljanlegur trasferibile 移すことができる 양도할 수 있는 perkeliamas, perduodamas pārvietojams; nododams citam oleh dipindah milik overdraagbaar som kan overdras til en annen przenośny transmissível trans­fe­rabil, trans­misibil допускающий передачу (другому лицу) prenosný prenosljiv prenosiv överflyttbar, överlåtbar สามารถโยกย้ายได้ devredilebilir 可轉讓的 замінюваний; такий, який можна передати قابل انتقال có thể chuyển nhượng 可转让的

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transfer → تحويل přeložení overførsel Transfer μεταφορά transferencia siirto transfert transfer trasferire 移転 이동 transfer overføring przeniesienie transferência перевод överföra การย้ายโอน transfer sự chuyển giao 转换